16. Linus Pauling's conclusions about the effectiveness of vitamin C for preventing the common cold were based largely on the results of one small clinical trial that tested 1000 milligrams of vitamin C in a population of children participating in ski school in the Swiss Alps. Why did Dr. Lara say this was flawed? 1. The researchers used the wrong statistical analysis in their study of vitamin C supplementation in children at ski school. 2. There was no control group in the experiment of vitamin C supplementation in children at ski school. 3. It is not possible to draw conclusions about cause and effect from an observational study. 4. The results of vitamin C supplementation in a population of children exercising in extreme conditions may not be generalizable to the rest of the population.

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