15. Each of the following scenarios involves a system containing 2 objects. In which of the scenarios is the total momentum of the 2 object system constant? (Assume that both the ice rink and the surface of the air track are frictionless) i. A ball bounces elastically off the wall of a building. ii. Two kids shove each other on very slippery ice skating rink A basketball player is standing with her feet stationary on the ground and catches a ball. iii. iv. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and stick together during the collision V. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and bounce off each other elastically A) i, ii and iv B) ii, iv, v С) і, ii D) i, iii, iv, v E) iv, v

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### Understanding Momentum in Two-Object Systems

**Question 15:** Each of the following scenarios involves a system containing two objects. In which of the scenarios is the total momentum of the two-object system constant? (Assume that both the ice rink and the surface of the air track are frictionless.)

**Scenarios:**

i. A ball bounces elastically off the wall of a building.

ii. Two kids shove each other on a very slippery ice skating rink.

iii. A basketball player is standing with her feet stationary on the ground and catches a ball.

iv. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and stick together during the collision.

v. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and bounce off each other elastically.

**Answer Options:**

A) i, ii and iv

B) ii, iv, v

C) i, iii

D) i, iii, iv, v

E) iv, v

### Explanation:
- *Elastic collisions* (i and v) conserve both momentum and kinetic energy, maintaining constant momentum in the system.
- *Frictionless systems* (ii, iv, v) allow momentum conservation since no external forces act.
- *Inelastic collisions* (iv) conserve momentum but not kinetic energy, yet momentum remains constant.
- *Non-isolated systems* (iii) can involve external forces (e.g., a stationary basketball player exerting a force through contact).

**Correct choice:** B) ii, iv, v, as these scenarios ensure total momentum remains constant in the system.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Momentum in Two-Object Systems **Question 15:** Each of the following scenarios involves a system containing two objects. In which of the scenarios is the total momentum of the two-object system constant? (Assume that both the ice rink and the surface of the air track are frictionless.) **Scenarios:** i. A ball bounces elastically off the wall of a building. ii. Two kids shove each other on a very slippery ice skating rink. iii. A basketball player is standing with her feet stationary on the ground and catches a ball. iv. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and stick together during the collision. v. Two gliders on a horizontal air track collide and bounce off each other elastically. **Answer Options:** A) i, ii and iv B) ii, iv, v C) i, iii D) i, iii, iv, v E) iv, v ### Explanation: - *Elastic collisions* (i and v) conserve both momentum and kinetic energy, maintaining constant momentum in the system. - *Frictionless systems* (ii, iv, v) allow momentum conservation since no external forces act. - *Inelastic collisions* (iv) conserve momentum but not kinetic energy, yet momentum remains constant. - *Non-isolated systems* (iii) can involve external forces (e.g., a stationary basketball player exerting a force through contact). **Correct choice:** B) ii, iv, v, as these scenarios ensure total momentum remains constant in the system.
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