14. Inhibitors. Rotenone inhibits electron flow throughNADH-Q oxidoreductase. Antimycin A blocks electronflow between cytochromes b and c₁. Cyanide blocks elec-tron flow through cytochrome oxidase to O₂. Predict therelative oxidation-reduction state of each of the followingrespiratory-chain components in mitochondria that aretreated with each of the inhibitors:(a) NAD+(b) NADH-Q oxidoreductase(c) coenzyme Q(d) cytochrome c₁(e) cytochrome c(f) cytochrome a

Respiratory chain is consist of four transmembrane proteins (complex I, complex II, complex III and…

Answered: 14. Inhibitors. Rotenone inhibits…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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for Succinate Dehydrogenase. 2 succinates to 2 fumarates produce: _______ FADH₂ So starting with 1 six carbon glucose, up to this point a total of _____ATP 2____CO₂, _____GTP, and _____NADH have been produced.
Enzyme 1 is Aconitase and the starting material goes through both the hydration and dehydration mechanism. I just need help with enzyme 2 and intermediate B, thank you
Consider the malate dehydrogenase reaction from the citric acid cycle. Given the listed concentrations, calculate the free energy change for this reaction at energy change for this reaction at 37.0 ˚C (310 K). AG' for the reaction is +29.7 kJ/mol. Assume that the reaction occurs at pH 7. [malate] = 1.45 mM AG: [oxaloacetate] = 0.130 mM [NAD+ ] = 110 mM [NADH] = 44 mM 47.06 Incorrect kJ.mol-1
Order the cofactors based on their use in the mechanism of the a-etogluterate dehydrogenase complex. 1. Stabilizes a carbanion due to decarboxylation 2. Allows for the splitting of the carbon skeleton from the electron pair generated in a redox reaction 3. Enzyme bond electron carrier that is part of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 4. Final electron acceptor in the overall reaction catalyzed by this complex 1 2 3 4 answer choices: lipoamide, biotin, 2 Fe - 2S cluster, TPP, NAD+, FAD
Most biochemists agree that the most accurate number of H+ needed to generate one ASP is blank. Therefore one NADH generated about blank ATP molecules?
The reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexesvary from 0.The reduction potentials of iron in each of the cytochromes in the electron transport complexes vary from 0.1 V to 0.39 V. Explain why these different values are necessary for the operation of this process
2. 'a) List the number of NADH and FADH2 equivalents formed and the corresponding number or ATP equivalents generated by mitochondrial oxidation of one molecule of CH3(CH2)12-COSCOA Number of NADH or Number of ATP Enzyme catalyzing the oxidation step FADH, formed ultimately formed B Oxidation Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase Citric acid cycle Isocitrate dehydrogenase a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Succinyl-CoA synthetase Succinate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase Total "These calculations assume that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation produces 1.5 ATP per FADH2 oxidized and 2.5 ATP per NADH oxidized. "GTP produced directly in this step yields ATP in the reaction catalyzed by nucleoside diphosphate kinase (p. 516). For all of the questions below, assume that respiratory activity of mitochondria is supported by CH3(CH2)12-COSCOA in the presence of excess ADP (+ P). (b) How many ATP equivalents will be generated in the presence of the inhibitor rotenone? Give a…
In oxidative phosphorylation (mark all that are true)... Choice 1 of 7:Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. Choice 2 of 7:NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. Choice 3 of 7:Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. Choice 4 of 7:O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. Choice 5 of 7:Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. Choice 6 of 7:Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. Choice 7 of 7:For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Below are screenshots of the answer from two different sources (for your consideration)
2. Calculate the number of ATP molecules generated by the following net reactions of the citric acid cycle. Assume that all NADH and QH2 are oxidized to yield ATP, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, and the malate-aspartate shuttle is operating. (a) 1 pyruvate –3 CO2 (b) Citrate Oxaloacetate + 2 CO2
The oxidation of Gly-3-P to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate proceeds with an unfavorable AG which equals 6.3 KJ/mol, yet the flow through this point in the glycolytic pathway proceeds smoothly. Why???
Calculate the ATP yield for the complete oxidation of the ketone body 3-hydroxybutryate to 4 CO2 in the mitochondrial matrix. Use P:O ratios of 2.5 for NADH and 1.5 for QH2. Draw the chemical reaction and the movement of electrons (including the enolate intermediate) necessary for the spontaneous decarboxylation of acetoacetate to acetone and CO2. (Hint: review the mechanism of step 4 in glycolysis and step 3 in the citric acid cycle). Why is acetoacetate undergoing spontaneous decarboxylation while 3-hydroxybutyrate does not?
In oxidative phosphorylation.... 1. Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. 2. NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. 3. Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. 4. O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. 5. Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. 6. Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. 7. For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Choose all options that are true.

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