13. Calculate the equilibrium constant K'eg, for each of the following reactions at pH 7.0 and 25°C. glucose + Pi a. Glucose 6-phosphate + H204 enz. Glucose 6-phosphatase; AG'O=-13.8kJ/mol
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- We want to measure the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) present in a serum. The reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is: Reaction 1: I- *H₂N- glutamate H - C-COO CH₂ CH₂ COO 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 : 550 μL 1.2 M alanine: 100 μL CH3 pyruvate CH3 C time (min) A340 CIO O COO The enzyme reaction is alized in the following conditions: In a 1 cm-cuvette are added: COO™ pyruvate lactate dehydrogenase* (LDH, 300 µμg.mL-¹): 50 μL 1.5 mM NADH : 200 μL 0.04 M a-ketoglutarate: 500 µL serum containing ALAT: 600 μµL ALAT NADH + H+ 0 0.915 a-cétoglutarate COO LDH * Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) reduces pyruvate into lactate, with the concomitant oxydation of NADH. This allows to indirectly measure the amount of product formed. с=0 CH₂ 1 0.741 Reaction 2: NAD+ CH₂ COO™ H-C CH3 OH COO™ lactate alanine H + *H3N-C The reaction is performed at 25 °C and the absorbance at 340 nm is monitored every minute, for 5 min. The absorbance values are given in the table below: Data: ENADH at 340 nm =…Intramitochondrial ATP concentrations are about 5 mM, and phosphate concentration is about 10 mM. Consider that ADP is five times more abundant than AMP. a. Calculate the molar concentrations of ADP and AMP at an energy charge of 0.85. b. Calculate ∆G' for ATP hydrolysis under these conditions (∆G0' for ATP hydrolysis is -32.2 kJ/mol) The energy charge is defined as ( [ATP] + 1/2 [ADP] ) / ( [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] )Utilising the provided class data generate the following graphs: I) Michaelis Menten; II) Lineweaver-Burk; and III) Hanes-Woolf. Ensure that you clearly label each graph,and add the relevant trendlines with equations. Table 1: Class data demonstrating the Absorbance at 700nm obtained for the alkaline phosphatase enzyme reaction Table 1 tube Abs700mm 1 0.000 2 0.060 2 0.090 4 0.140 5 0.190 6 0.250 7 0.290 The equipment we used are • 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 33mM MgCl2 • Alkaline Phosphatase (2mg/ml) in 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 4mM Glucose-1-phosphate • Acid Molybdate pH 5.0 • Reducing Agent • Distilled Water • Glass Test tubes • Tube Rack • Cuvette • Pipettes and Tips • Water bath set to 37oC The method we used is Method/Protocol: 1. Read the protocol in its entirety before starting. Take note of any additional information that appears in subsequent steps that may influence how previous steps are performed. 2. Using glass tubes, generate the reactions mixtures…
- Use the Michaelis-Menten equation to complete the enzyme kinetic data set, whenKm is known to have a value of 1 mmol L−1 [S] (mmol L−1) Vo (μmol L−1 min−1) 0.5 50 1.0 2.0 3.0 10.0The enzyme, fumarate, has the following kinetic constants: k 1 k 2 k -1 where k 1 = 10 9 M -1 s -1 k -1 =4.4 x 10 4 s -1 k 2 = 10 3 s -1 a. What is the value of the Michaelis constant for this enzyme? b. At an enzyme concentration of 10 -6 M, what will be the initial rate of product"The protein catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide:2 H2O2 (aq) → 2 H2O (l) + O2 (g)and has a Michaelis-Menten constant of 25 × 10-3 mol·dm-3 and a turnover number of 4.0×107s-1.The total enzyme concentration is 0.016×10-6 mol·dm-3 and the initial substrate concentration is4.32×10-6 mol·dm-3 Calculate the maximum reaction rate (????) for this enzyme, and the initial rateof this reaction. Note that catalase has a single active site.
- Compound A is the substrate for two enzymes, El and E2, their reaction rates, r1 and r2,Determine the Km and rmax for both enzymes, with respect to the concentration of A. Which set of data is more likely to be for El and which for E2, and why? Concentration of 0.2 0.6 1.2 3 4 5 6 8 12 15 A (mM) Reaction rate (r.) (mmol/L'min) 3.33 4.29 4.62 4.76 4.84 4.88 4.9 4.92 4.94 4.95 4.96 4.97 Reaction rate (r,) (mmol/L*min) 0.09 0.23 0.38 0.5 0.6 0.67 0.71 0.75 0.8 0.82 0.86 0.80Calculating ATP Yield 'Assumes an ATP equivalence: 2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2. * Assumes an ATP equivalence: 3 ATP per NADH and 2 ATP per FADH2. CH3(CH,) COOH ** 1st Formula 2nd Formula Capric Acid (7 x C) - 6 (8.5 x C) -7 Carbons = 10 (7 x 10) - 6 = 64ATP (8.5 x 10) - 7 = 78ATP 1. Palmitic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone. It is found naturally in palm oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in butter, cheese, milk and meat. Its chemical formula is CH;(CH2)14COOH. Calculate ATP using the first formula.Please answer asap and in short
- A solution containing 0.00001 M ATP has transmission 70.2\% at 260 nm in 1 cm cuvette calculate the transmission of solution in a 3 cm cuvetteConsider an enzyme (P) that gets activated by forming a dimer (P2): 2P = P2 At 25 °C, we have AH- 19 kJ/mol and AS-65 kJ/mol, for this dimerization reaction. Identify the correct statement. O The enzyme is activated when kept at temp = +37 °C. O The enzyme is activated at all temperatures. O The enzyme is activated when kept in the fridge with temp = 4 "C. O The enzyme can never be activated, no matter what the temperature is. O None of the above statements is true.