11.18 Draw the line-angle formula for each of the following: a. 1-bromo-2-methylpentane c. ethylcyclohexaned. b. methylcyclopropane 4-chlorooctane
11.18 Draw the line-angle formula for each of the following: a. 1-bromo-2-methylpentane c. ethylcyclohexaned. b. methylcyclopropane 4-chlorooctane
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![**11.18** Draw the line-angle formula for each of the following:
a. 1-bromo-2-methylpentane
b. methylcyclopropane
c. ethylcyclohexane
d. 4-chlorooctane
*Instructions for Students:*
1. **Understanding Line-Angle Formulas:**
- A line-angle formula is a simplified way to represent organic molecules. Each line represents a bond between carbon atoms, and the endpoints or intersections represent carbon atoms. Hydrogen atoms are typically not shown for simplicity, but each carbon is assumed to have enough hydrogens to complete its four bonds.
2. **Specific Molecule Guidelines:**
- For **1-bromo-2-methylpentane**, consider the backbone of five carbon atoms (pentane) with a bromine (Br) atom on the first carbon and a methyl group (CH3) on the second carbon.
- For **methylcyclopropane**, identify a cyclopropane ring (three carbon atoms in a triangle) with a methyl group attached.
- For **ethylcyclohexane**, draw a cyclohexane ring (six carbon atoms in a hexagonal shape) with an ethyl group (CH2CH3) attached.
- For **4-chlorooctane**, consider an eight-carbon chain (octane) with a chlorine (Cl) atom on the fourth carbon.
3. **Drawing Tips:**
- Start by identifying and drawing the main carbon chain or ring.
- Add any substituents (bromo, methyl, ethyl, chloro) at the appropriate positions as specified.
- Ensure that all bond angles are roughly 109.5 degrees, which is typical for tetrahedral carbon atoms.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd0532560-b5e0-4fee-8f83-96f1b6682512%2F4298495c-2ed2-4542-a640-0fea0041b2a0%2F7eqhbrr_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**11.18** Draw the line-angle formula for each of the following:
a. 1-bromo-2-methylpentane
b. methylcyclopropane
c. ethylcyclohexane
d. 4-chlorooctane
*Instructions for Students:*
1. **Understanding Line-Angle Formulas:**
- A line-angle formula is a simplified way to represent organic molecules. Each line represents a bond between carbon atoms, and the endpoints or intersections represent carbon atoms. Hydrogen atoms are typically not shown for simplicity, but each carbon is assumed to have enough hydrogens to complete its four bonds.
2. **Specific Molecule Guidelines:**
- For **1-bromo-2-methylpentane**, consider the backbone of five carbon atoms (pentane) with a bromine (Br) atom on the first carbon and a methyl group (CH3) on the second carbon.
- For **methylcyclopropane**, identify a cyclopropane ring (three carbon atoms in a triangle) with a methyl group attached.
- For **ethylcyclohexane**, draw a cyclohexane ring (six carbon atoms in a hexagonal shape) with an ethyl group (CH2CH3) attached.
- For **4-chlorooctane**, consider an eight-carbon chain (octane) with a chlorine (Cl) atom on the fourth carbon.
3. **Drawing Tips:**
- Start by identifying and drawing the main carbon chain or ring.
- Add any substituents (bromo, methyl, ethyl, chloro) at the appropriate positions as specified.
- Ensure that all bond angles are roughly 109.5 degrees, which is typical for tetrahedral carbon atoms.
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