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a. pentyl formate b. 5-bromopentanoic acid c. 3,5-dimethylhexanoic acid d. butyl propanoate

a. pentyl formate b. 5-bromopentanoic acid c. 3,5-dimethylhexanoic acid d. butyl propanoate

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Topic: Drawing Molecules #### Exercise 14.60: **Task:** Draw the condensed structural formulas for a and b and line-angle formulas for c and d: **Molecules:** a. pentyl formate\ b. 5-bromopentanoic acid\ c. 3,5-dimethylhexanoic acid\ d. butyl propanoate --- In this exercise, you are asked to represent different organic molecules using specific types of structural formulas: 1. **Condensed Structural Formulas**: - These formulas show the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, displaying each carbon atom’s attached hydrogen (or other) atoms in a string format without showing all individual bonds. 2. **Line-Angle Formulas**: - These simplified diagrams represent carbon atoms as vertices (points) and bonds as lines. Hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are not shown explicitly because their locations are implied. For educational purposes, it's important to understand the distinctions and applications of these formula types to effectively communicate chemical structures. ### Detailed Explanation --- **a. Condensed Structural Formula - Pentyl Formate**: - Molecular formula: C6H12O2 - Structure: - Formate part (formyl group): -CHO - Pentyl part (pentane chain): -CH2-(CH2)4-CH3 So, the condensed structural formula is: ``` HCOO-CH2-(CH2)4-CH3 ``` **b. Condensed Structural Formula - 5-Bromopentanoic Acid**: - Molecular formula: C5H9BrO2 - Structure: - Bromine (Br) attached to the 5th carbon of the pentane chain - Carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional group So, the condensed structural formula is: ``` Br-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH ``` **c. Line-Angle Formula - 3,5-Dimethylhexanoic Acid**: - Molecular formula: C8H16O2 - Structure: - Methyl groups (-CH3) attached to the 3rd and 5th carbons of the hexane chain - Carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional group The line-angle formula should be drawn with a
Transcribed Image Text:### Topic: Drawing Molecules #### Exercise 14.60: **Task:** Draw the condensed structural formulas for a and b and line-angle formulas for c and d: **Molecules:** a. pentyl formate\ b. 5-bromopentanoic acid\ c. 3,5-dimethylhexanoic acid\ d. butyl propanoate --- In this exercise, you are asked to represent different organic molecules using specific types of structural formulas: 1. **Condensed Structural Formulas**: - These formulas show the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, displaying each carbon atom’s attached hydrogen (or other) atoms in a string format without showing all individual bonds. 2. **Line-Angle Formulas**: - These simplified diagrams represent carbon atoms as vertices (points) and bonds as lines. Hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are not shown explicitly because their locations are implied. For educational purposes, it's important to understand the distinctions and applications of these formula types to effectively communicate chemical structures. ### Detailed Explanation --- **a. Condensed Structural Formula - Pentyl Formate**: - Molecular formula: C6H12O2 - Structure: - Formate part (formyl group): -CHO - Pentyl part (pentane chain): -CH2-(CH2)4-CH3 So, the condensed structural formula is: ``` HCOO-CH2-(CH2)4-CH3 ``` **b. Condensed Structural Formula - 5-Bromopentanoic Acid**: - Molecular formula: C5H9BrO2 - Structure: - Bromine (Br) attached to the 5th carbon of the pentane chain - Carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional group So, the condensed structural formula is: ``` Br-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH ``` **c. Line-Angle Formula - 3,5-Dimethylhexanoic Acid**: - Molecular formula: C8H16O2 - Structure: - Methyl groups (-CH3) attached to the 3rd and 5th carbons of the hexane chain - Carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional group The line-angle formula should be drawn with a
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