10. Understanding different policy options to correct for negativeexternalitiesCarbon dioxide emissions have been linked to degradation of air quality. The following table lists some potential regulations targeting the amount ofairbome carbon dioxide.For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax.оPublic PolicyCommand-and-Control PolicyTradablePermitSystemCorrectiveSubsidyCorrectiveТахTrees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so thegovemment funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $440 to any citizenwho plants a tree.0оThe government charges factories $440 for every ton of carbon dioxidethey emitооThe government orders every factory to adopt a new technology, whichreduces carbon-dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.0°°оThe government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to260,000 tons per ten years. Each individual factory is given the right toemit 230 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell theserights in a marketplace.о

a) Corrective Subsidy b) Corrective Tax c) Command-and-Control Policy d) Tradable Permit…

Answered: 10. Understanding different policy…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

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6. Achieving lower pollution Suppose a political candidate criticizes a government pollution permit policy that she says lets corporations buy and sell the right to pollute. She argues that our right to breathe and the future of our planet require real regulation instead of this type of government policy. Which of the following describes why most economists would disagree with her statement? The environment is so important that it should be protected as much as possible, regardless of the cost. A free market in tradable pollution permits is typically more efficient than government regulation. A corrective tax would result in a more efficient outcome than either tradable permits or government regulation would. Clean air is a fundamental right, and government regulation will allow too much pollution.
4. Understanding different policy options to correct for negative externalities Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to melting of sea ice. The following table lists some potential regulations targeting the amount of airborne carbon dioxide. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Tradable Permit System Public Policy . The government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to 250,000 tons per ten years. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 280 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so the government funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $500 to any citizen who plants a tree. The government orders every factory to adopt a new technology, which reduces carbon-dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The government charges…
4. Understanding different policy options to correct for negativeexternalities Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to increased air pollution. The following table lists some possible public policies aimed at reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Command- and- Tradable Permit System Corrective Tax Control Corrective Public Policy Policy Subsidy The government agrees to reimburse all factories that purchase new, emissions-reducing technology in order to provide cleaner air. The government limits total carbon-dioxide emişsions by all factories to 120,000 tons per month. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 110 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. The government charges factories $400-for every ton of carbon dioxide they emit. The government orders every…
Time left 0:27:07 Suppose that flu shots create a positive externality equal to $12 per shot. What is the relationship between the equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of flu shots produced? Select one: The equilibrium quantity is less than the socially optimal quantity. O a. O b. The equilibrium quantity is greater than the socially optimal quantity. Oc. They are equal. O d. No relationship exists. Next page 26°C Mostly cloudy tour on this page Type here to search
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What advantages and disadvantages do you see in using acap-and-trade system to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?What pros and cons do you see in using carbon taxes toachieve this goal? What do you think of the idea of a revenueneutralcarbon tax? If you were a U.S. senator, what type ofpolicy would you support in order to address emissions in theUnited States, and why?
4. Understanding different policy options to correct for negativeexternalities Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to melting of sea ice. The following table lists some potential regulations targeting the amount of airborne carbon dioxide. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Tradable Permit System Public Policy The government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to 260,000 tons per five years. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 230 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so the government funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $440 to any citizen who plants a tree. The government orders every factory to adopt a new technology, which reduces carbon-dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The government charges…
10. Understanding different policy options to correct for negativeexternalities Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to worsening climate conditions. The following table lists some possible public policies aimed at reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Tradable Corrective Subsidy Command-and- Permit Corrective Public Policy Control Policy System Tax The government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to 180,000 tons per decade. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 140 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so the government funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $110 to any citizen who plants a tree. The government charges factories $110 for every ton of carbon dioxide…
Supply 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 MSC 5.00 4.00 Demand 3.00 2.00 1.00 25000 50000 75000 100000 125000 150000 175000 200000 If a tax or subsidy were used to correct the externality, what would be chosen? O a. tax = $4 O b. subsidy = $3 O C. tax = $3 O d. subsidy = $4 B.
9. Assume that the city government of Pollutersville taxes the production of electricity in an effort to make the market internalize the external cost imposed on society in the form of air pollution that is created when coal is burned to produce electricity. a. Draw a supply and demand diagram for electricity in Pollutersville. Be sure to label your axes, curves, and intercepts, as well as MSC, MSB, MPC, MSB curves and the amount of the tax. b. If the government imposes a tax equal to the amount of the marginal external cost generated by each kwh of electricity, is there any deadweight loss in the market? Explain in one sentence of less. C. Discuss the changes in welfare for consumers, producers, society, and those individuals affected by the pollution once the tax is imposed. 4
4 This is a graph reprinted from Section 12.1 the Economics of Pollution. Please explain the graph with particular attention paid to why there are two supply curves. How can a government use this graph to establish pollution controls?
According to economists what is the optimal amount of pollution? O a. The optimal amount of pollution is where private costs equal social costs O b. Pollution should be reduced to a level as determined by government regulation O c. None, the goal is to completely eliminate pollution d. The point where the marginal benefit from further pollution reduction equals the marginal cost of further reduction

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