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1. Why are some microorganisms capable of utilizing certain carbohydrates and some are not?
Discuss the reasons comprehensively and please, do not just copy from somewhere.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Fill in the blank spaces8. All the followings can be produced through Industrial Microbiology techniques except: a) antibiotics b) Amino Acids c) steroids d) polysaccharides19. The new process for cleaning the environment through bioorganic method using bacteria which genome has been modified is called: a) Bioconversion b) Biotechnology c) Bioinformatics d) BioremediationTRY TO KEEP IN SHORT AND USE OWN WORD FOR THIS QUESTION You are studying a type of bacteria isolated from the acidic water runoff of a mining operation. You subject two batches of the same bacteria type to different environmental growth conditions. One batch is grown at pH 2, while the other is grown at pH 7. All other environmental parameters are kept identical between the two batches. You then collect their proteins and run a Western blot using an antibody that binds to a proton efflux pump protein (which actively expends energy to pump protons out of a cell). How would you characterize the information obtained in this experiment? What does it tell you, and why is that potentially valuable information?
- (a) Distinguish between biofilms and microbial mats and describe their relative significance. (b) Describe two methods, one that employs PCR and the other that does not, used to identify microorganisms by the molecular characteristics of their 16S FRNA. 3. (c) How do microorganisms enhance corrosion of metal and concrete surfaces?Place the following in the correct order in terms of steps taken, followed by the consideration appropriate to each of the different steps (so Step/Consideration/Step/Consideration etc) 1 | Considerations: add enzymes to assist in the degradation of proteins, and also RNA Considerations: methods used to enhance yield of final extract include keeping the solution cold 3 | Step: Removal of non-nucleic acid components, such as protein, lipids 4 | Considerations: is the tissue bacterial, fungal, plant or animal, thus with or without a cell wall? Step: Precipitation of nucleic acids 6 | Step: Disruption of the cells to release their contents (homogenisation)The world is facing a Corona Virus (COVID-19) Pandemic and as a potential scientist and a microbiology student, you have been required to prepare the easiest and most affordable hand sanitizer that can be utilized by students in various microbiology laboratories. Each student in your class has been given 96% ethanol and you are required to prepare 70% ethanol hand sanitizer in a 2L spray bottle. Describe clearly the method you will use in order to achieve the aim of the practical.
- Which of the following cannot be grown in artificial media and must be grown in live animals or cells instead? Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea Lactococcus lactis, a lactic acid bacterium used to produce cheddar cheese Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium sometimes found in human nares (nostrils) Staphylococcus epidermidis, a bacterium routinely found on human skin Escherichia coli, a bacterium common in mammalian intestines 21 Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilisin the article the “Overall, the composition of the cores and insides of the Gouda cheeses were more similar to each other based on sequence reads than to the samples taken under the rind.” (pg 3 last paragraph) i need helpexplaning what this mean in simpler language, and if this makes sense given the differences between these locations?You are tasked with cultivating the following microorganisms:A recombinant strain of E. coliA wild strain of Streptomyces clavuligerus• Suggest a storage method for each microorganism and justify your choice. You have at your disposal a refrigerator and an ultrafreezer, in addition to materials and conditions for handling microorganisms.• Propose a culture medium for each (choose a complex medium for one organism and a synthetic medium for the other)As a complement of nutrients, they must be indicated on the following scale: +++ : above 5 g/L++ : from 1 to 5 g/L+ : below 1 g/L• Describe the procedure for preparing and sterilizing the components of the culture media for a volume of 5.0 L• Make a bench process selection scheme, up to the step of selecting a benchtop reactor 5 L.
- The human intestinal tract is home to a vast, diverse microbial community. The bacteria that comprise this microbial community serve a number of important, beneficial functions. However, some bacterial species have been suggested to play a role in certain forms of cancer. One such bacteria is Fusobacterium nucleatum (i.e., F. nucleatum). Investigators wishing to study the role of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer developed a new assay for detecting these bacteria in tumor tissue. In controlled experiments, the test was highly sensitive in detecting F. nucleatum and also had high specificity. To examine consistency in their test findings, the investigators also conducted repeat tests in 50 tissue samples. From these repeat tests, the investigators observed that the overall number of samples in which F. nucleatum was detected was almost identical (10 out of 50 on the first test vs. 11 out of 50 on the repeat test); for 9 samples, F. nucleatum was detected on both the initial and the…9) Identify most mistaken (wrong) choice: a) Bioremediation is the process by which microorganisms can be used to clean up toxic wastes. Ob) Some bacteria can survive very low temperatures. c) Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ways of protecting themselves against free radicals. d) Viruses can easily replicate in chemically defined mediaProvide an example of an organism within each of the four main nutritional categories of microbes and describe how each obtains its essential nutrients. Provide evidence in support of or refuting the following statement: Microbial life can exist in the complete absence of both sunlight or organic nutrients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technology that requires high temperatures to reproduce DNA fragments. Explain why the discovery of thermophilic archaea and their associated DNA polymerases was critical to the success of this technique. Summarize how the electron transport chain functions to produce ATP in a bacterial cell versus eukaryotic cell. Explain whether or not the term chemiosmosis accurately illustrates this process.