1. Which of the following pathways of information flow has never been observed on Earth? chose all that apply a. From RNA to DNA b. From RNA to Protein c. From DNA to RNA d. From Protein to RNA e. From Protein to DNA f. From DNA to Protein 2. Which biosynthetic pathways are downregulated by the products of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway? Choose all that apply a. The de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway b. The pyrimidine salvage pathway c. The pathway to 5-phosphoribose-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) d. The de novo purine biosynthesis pathway e. The pathway to the amino acid histidine f. The purine salvage pathway

Q: What is the default state of the lac operon? a. LacI repressor is sitting on the operator sequence…

A: Lacl repressor is sitting on a operator sequence and blocks RNAP from transcribing lacZYA

Q: 1. Bacterial mutants that are unable to synthesize fatty acids will incorporate fatty acids into…

A: Cell membrane is the layer which surrounds the cytoplasm.Cell membrane contains…

Q: A 5 Carbons В. Охувеn C.3 hydroxyl group D. None

A: DISCLAIMER “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If…

Q: T, O, and C genes. Mutant cats were given various substances in their fod, which either did help…

A: Purine metabolism consists of the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, purine salvage pathway, and…

Q: 34. Dolichol phosphate  a. assists chaperons in protein folding  b. recognizes the ER targeting…

A: The correct answer to the question is: d. is a lipid carrier for oligosaccharides in the ER.

Q: 6. Riboswitches are RNA sequences found in the 5' untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) that…

A: Riboswitches are regulatory elements that control gene expression in response to the binding of…

Q: 3. During transcription: A. nucleotides are polymerized by DNA polymerase B. initiation occurs at a…

A: Transcription is the process of synthesis of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) from the DNA which can further…

Q: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that are likely responsible for generating the gen-rich…

A: Answer ::   An alternative pathway for glucose oxidation is the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). In…

Q: 1.Which of the following events best predicts the consequence if there is NO post-translational…

A: Post translational modification occurs after translation event has occurred that is after the…

Q: Retroviruses such as HIV, Herpesviruses, and Hepatitis B can be effectively inhibited by _____. Mark…

A: Nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir are antiviral drugs that can effectively inhibit the…

Q: During elongation (in transcription), RNA polymerase has three prominent channels, or grooves. These…

A: Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a…

Q: 8. Professor X at the University of Hong Kong recently identified a new gene "LivX" which is only…

A: The gene is the sequence of nucleotides that code for a specific protein in a cell. The expression…

Q: A bacteria contains the gene for the lac operon, an enzyme that is produced in the presence of…

A: The lac operon is a fragment of DNA found in microscopic organisms that incorporates qualities…

Q: трare step synthesis prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Consider in your answer DNA elements, major…

A: Transcription is the process in which RNA is synthesized with the help of DNA. RNA polymerase enzyme…

Q: A wild-type strain of E. coli: Select one: O a. will grow on minimal medium. b. can be classified as…

A: Wild-type bacteria are prototrophic, which means they can grow colonies in a solution that contains…

Q: 7.The APC protein- ----. a. is essential for degrading B-catenin. b. causes increased activation of…

A: 7. ANSWER;- A  is correct  Explain;- The APC protein is essential for degrading β-catenin. The APC…

Q: . Which of the following descriptions of EF-Tu is correct? A. EF-Tu delivers fMet- RNA to the A site…

A: Introduction: Elongation factors deliver aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome.  Ef-Tu is a monomeric…

Q: The formation of Z structures is thought to regulate gene synthesis and expression. Why? A. Z…

A: Z-DNA are left-handed narrowest. The Z-DNA occurs in short oligonucleotides that have sequence of…

Q: functional insulin required the association of two polypeptides known as the A and B chains…

A: Pre transcription control involves in DNA methylation.  Transcriptional control involves in…

Q: If E. coli cell culture contains adequate glucose, addition of lactose to the culture would O a.…

A: Ans: - ( D ) none of the above

Q: 1. Lac and Trp Operon are two different processes of sugar and amino acid. Describe the differences…

A: Lac and Trp operon are found in E. coli and other bacteria.

Q: 1. Write a short note on transcription. What is TFBS? What is the role of RNA polymerase?

A: Since you have asked multiple questions with multiple subparts, we will solve the first question for…

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A: 1) Option D is correct answer for this question because It is this mRNA which decide the sequence of…

Q: Name Remdesivir Description Originally developed for Structure (i.e. What is it an analog for?)…

A: Description :Remdesivir is an ATP (adenosine triphosphate) analog which can be employed for the…

Q: What time of mutation is exhibited when a codon AAT is replaced with GGC?     a. Insertion     b.…

A: 1) Option C that is Substitution is the correct answer because in substitution, replacement of one…

Q: 15. What percent of a typical mammalian genome is classified as an exon? A. 0.7% B. 1.5% C. 3.2% D.…

A: The complete set of genes or the total amount of genetic material present in a cell or an organism…

Q: 2. [1] Which of the following are NOT necessary components of a. Anticodon b. Polymerase c. Ligase…

A: when the process of transcription completed of DNA to RNA in the nucleus of the cell, ribosomes in…

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A: Mutations are sudden or random alteration or change in genetic material. Mutations can be large…

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A: Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme that is produced in the pancreas and plays an important role in…

Q: . Genes A, B, and C encode enzymes A, B, and C, which are part of this biosynthetic pathway:…

A: If the gene A,B,C are presemt in the eukaryotes and bacteria and since 1 is prokaryotic and another…

Q: 48. Which of the following is a definition of messenger RNA (mRNA)? a. RNA found in the ribosome,…

A: RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. It is the product of transcription. There are various RNA namely,…

Q: Which of the following is an example of allosteric regulation? A. the binding of CAMP-CAP to DNA B.…

A: Allosteric regulation is a form of regulation where enzymes or molecules are regulated by binding to…

Q: The point value of problems is given in braci number utilizes the enzyme a. Anticodon b. Polymerase…

A: Answers :- 1)RNA is synthesized on a DNA template in a process called transcription , which utilizes…

Q: 20. The image above reveals two bacterial cells in the process of A. cell lysis B. transduction C.…

A: In the image given for MCQ (20), the two bacterial cells are under the process of "Conjugation".…

Q: 1. The statement "DNA goes to RNA goes to protein" is used as a shorthand description of the flow of…

A: a. "DNA goes to RNA" is meant to describe the process of transcription. For this process to occur,…

Q: 24. Only 30% of adult humans can hydrolyze lactose. Unlike their lactose-intolerant fellow humans,…

A: The ability to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk, varies among adult humans. Approximately 30%…

Q: 3. Draw the chemical mechanism (with electron-pushing arrows) for the first step of RNA splicing (as…

A: Introns are the intervening sequences that do not code for any functional gene product. Hence during…

Q: 26. Synthesis of a repressible enzyme is stopped by a the allosteric transition b. the substrate…

A: In the regulation of gene expression, various mechanisms come into play to control the activity of…

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A: Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a large multifunctional enzyme that is responsible for the synthesis of…

Q: 4. Compare regulation by allosteric control, reversible covalent modification, and proteolytic…

A: Enzymes are high molecular-weight proteins that catalyse biochemical reactions. They are also called…

Q: Which of the following is correct regarding galactosemia? A. All of the statements are correct B.…

A: Galactosemia is an example of a human genetic disorder that is caused due to genetic abnormality.…

Q: The Trp peron of genes encoding enzymes for Trp synthesis, is which of the following? Select one:…

A: The trp operon consist 5 structural genes that encodes enzymes needed for synthesis of the amino…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.