1. Types of immunity, which determine the protection of the organism from living bodies and substances that bear the signs of genetic foreign information

Q: 6. Why have different classes of antibodies (i.e. IgD, IgE)?

A: In warm-blooded creatures i.e mammals, antibodies are ordered into five fundamental classes or…

Q: 9. Which of the following antibody classes or isotypes facilitate the sequential binding of the C1,…

A: Antibodies are also known as immunoglobulin.These are the protein which are made by plasma cell .…

Q: Which is a chemical of the second line defense?     none of the above     cytokines, thymosines,…

A: The innate or non-specific immunity forms the first line of defense against non-self pathogens.

Q: 13. What happens to newly created B and T cells with antigen receptors that happen to match the…

A: A lymphocyte is a type of WBC in the immune system of most vertebrates. These lymphocytes include T…

Q: Name and describe the different types of immunity

A: Immunity is the capacity to tolerate what is of self and to reject the other non-self things.

Q: 2. There are many theories on how/why some people develop autoimmune disease. In terms of clonal…

A: When the immune system attacks the body's own cells and tissues the  autoimmune disorders develop.…

Q: 3. Describe what happens to an antigen when it is tagged with an antibody in terms of opsonization…

A: An antigen is any substance or molecule that is capable of inducing an immune response in the body.…

Q: IV. Circle the term that does NOT belang in each of the following groupings. 1. Redness Pain…

A: Active immunity occurs when our own immune system is responsible for protecting us from a pathogen.…

Q: 8. Clonal Selection Hypothesis is the most accepted theory for how immune cells respond to specific…

A: The clonal selection theory was presented by Frank Burnet in 1957. This theory explains how…

Q: Reasons for breaking immune tolerance.

A: Introduction -  Definition: unresponsiveness to an antigen induced by exposure of lymphocytes to…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.