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1. Epigenetic marks refer to modifications to DNA and proteins that in tum regulate gene expression. All of the following are true regarding epigenetic types of modifications except: A. They have the ability to both silence and activate genes. B. They can involve the methylation of cytosine bases. C. They involved changes to the sequence of DNA in the genome D. They are linked to the acetylation of histones. E. They can be due to environmental factors

1. Epigenetic marks refer to modifications to DNA and proteins that in tum regulate gene expression. All of the following are true regarding epigenetic types of modifications except: A. They have the ability to both silence and activate genes. B. They can involve the methylation of cytosine bases. C. They involved changes to the sequence of DNA in the genome D. They are linked to the acetylation of histones. E. They can be due to environmental factors

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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12:50 0 וח.וה ... SECTION I 1. Epigenetic marks refer to modifications to DNA and proteins that in turn regulate gene expression. All of the following are true regarding epigenetic types of modifications except: A. They have the ability to both silence and activate genes. B. They can involve the methylation of cytosine bases. C. They involved changes to the sequence of DNA in the genome D. They are linked to the acetylation of histones. E. They can be due to environmental factors 2. You are growing a population of cells that appear to be resistant to G418, a chemical that is normally toxic to cells. Upon further analysis of the cells' genome, you find that it contains a genomic sequence that encodes the protein neomycin phosphotransferase. What would you do to test if this protein confers resistance to the G418 chemical? A. Induce expression (i.e., through plasmid cloning) of the gene for neomycin phosphotransferase in a G418-sensitive cell line, then treat these cells with G418 Determine if the cells are also making B-galactosidase Sequence the gene using Sanger sequencing Label a fragment of the gene to see where it is expressed Determine if an antibody to neomycin phosphotransferase binds to G418 B. С. D. E. 3. After you remove the transcription activator and run the DNA on a gel, you find that the promoter sequence is CTGTTC. Which of the four gels represents the one with the promoter? 1 signal signal signal signal signal signal signal signal A) B) C) D) E) none of them All of the following are true gxcept A. Nuclear pore complexes are specialized so that some mediate import and others mediate export. B. Membrane-bound and free ribosomes, which are structurally and functionally identical, differ only in the proteins they happen to be making at a particular time. C. Some proteins can be made as either free or membrane-bound proteins. They have the same MRNA but different splicing and poly-adenylation patterns. D. A protein that does not have a sorting signal will remain in the cytosol. E. A protein cannot leave the ER unless it is correctly folded. 5. The outside of a cell contains more solutes than the inside of the cell. Which describes the inside of 4. the cell and the direction of water? A. Inside the cell is hypertonic. Water will move towards the outside of the cell. B. Inside the cell is hypertonic. Water will move towards the inside of the cell. C. Inside the cell is isotonic. The net flow of water will be equal in each direction D. Inside the cell is hypotonic. Water will move towards the inside of the cell. E. Inside the cell is hypotonic. Water will move towards the outside of the cell. 6. Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is true? A. Both cells have replication and transcription, but only eukaryotic cells have translation, splicing, and polyadenylation B. Both cells have replication, transcription, and splicing. but only prokaryotic cells have transcription and translation occur simultaneously C. Both cells have replication, transcription, translation, and splicing, but only eukaryotic cells have polyadenylation. D. Both cells have replication, transcription, and translation, but only eukaryotic cells have splicing and polyadenylation E Both cells have replication, transcription, and translation, but only eukaryotic cells have Okazaki fragments from multiple origins of replication. 7. In Sanger Sequencing, which of the following are added to determine where the A's (adenosines) are located in the sequence? Note: DNTPS are (DATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP) and ddNTPs are (ddATP, ddTTP, ddCTP, ddGTP)
Transcribed Image Text:12:50 0 וח.וה ... SECTION I 1. Epigenetic marks refer to modifications to DNA and proteins that in turn regulate gene expression. All of the following are true regarding epigenetic types of modifications except: A. They have the ability to both silence and activate genes. B. They can involve the methylation of cytosine bases. C. They involved changes to the sequence of DNA in the genome D. They are linked to the acetylation of histones. E. They can be due to environmental factors 2. You are growing a population of cells that appear to be resistant to G418, a chemical that is normally toxic to cells. Upon further analysis of the cells' genome, you find that it contains a genomic sequence that encodes the protein neomycin phosphotransferase. What would you do to test if this protein confers resistance to the G418 chemical? A. Induce expression (i.e., through plasmid cloning) of the gene for neomycin phosphotransferase in a G418-sensitive cell line, then treat these cells with G418 Determine if the cells are also making B-galactosidase Sequence the gene using Sanger sequencing Label a fragment of the gene to see where it is expressed Determine if an antibody to neomycin phosphotransferase binds to G418 B. С. D. E. 3. After you remove the transcription activator and run the DNA on a gel, you find that the promoter sequence is CTGTTC. Which of the four gels represents the one with the promoter? 1 signal signal signal signal signal signal signal signal A) B) C) D) E) none of them All of the following are true gxcept A. Nuclear pore complexes are specialized so that some mediate import and others mediate export. B. Membrane-bound and free ribosomes, which are structurally and functionally identical, differ only in the proteins they happen to be making at a particular time. C. Some proteins can be made as either free or membrane-bound proteins. They have the same MRNA but different splicing and poly-adenylation patterns. D. A protein that does not have a sorting signal will remain in the cytosol. E. A protein cannot leave the ER unless it is correctly folded. 5. The outside of a cell contains more solutes than the inside of the cell. Which describes the inside of 4. the cell and the direction of water? A. Inside the cell is hypertonic. Water will move towards the outside of the cell. B. Inside the cell is hypertonic. Water will move towards the inside of the cell. C. Inside the cell is isotonic. The net flow of water will be equal in each direction D. Inside the cell is hypotonic. Water will move towards the inside of the cell. E. Inside the cell is hypotonic. Water will move towards the outside of the cell. 6. Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is true? A. Both cells have replication and transcription, but only eukaryotic cells have translation, splicing, and polyadenylation B. Both cells have replication, transcription, and splicing. but only prokaryotic cells have transcription and translation occur simultaneously C. Both cells have replication, transcription, translation, and splicing, but only eukaryotic cells have polyadenylation. D. Both cells have replication, transcription, and translation, but only eukaryotic cells have splicing and polyadenylation E Both cells have replication, transcription, and translation, but only eukaryotic cells have Okazaki fragments from multiple origins of replication. 7. In Sanger Sequencing, which of the following are added to determine where the A's (adenosines) are located in the sequence? Note: DNTPS are (DATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP) and ddNTPs are (ddATP, ddTTP, ddCTP, ddGTP)
12:49 0 14. You want to amplify the DNA between two stretches of sequence shown in the figure below. Explain which one of the following primer pairs would allow you to amplify the DNA by PCR. DNA to be amplified 5'-GACCTGTGGAAGC -CATACGGGATTGA-3" 3'-CTGGACACCTTCG GTATGCCCTAACT-5" primers (1) 5'-GACCTGTCCAAGC-3 (2) 5-CTGGACACCTTCG-3 (5) 5-CATACGGGATTGA-3" (6) 5°-GTATGСССТААСТ-3° (3) 5'-CGAAGGTGTCCAG-3' (7) 5'-TGTTAGGGCATAC-3" (4) 5'-GCTTССАСАGGTC-3° (8) 5'-TCAATCCCGTATG-3' END 5 THE END
Transcribed Image Text:12:49 0 14. You want to amplify the DNA between two stretches of sequence shown in the figure below. Explain which one of the following primer pairs would allow you to amplify the DNA by PCR. DNA to be amplified 5'-GACCTGTGGAAGC -CATACGGGATTGA-3" 3'-CTGGACACCTTCG GTATGCCCTAACT-5" primers (1) 5'-GACCTGTCCAAGC-3 (2) 5-CTGGACACCTTCG-3 (5) 5-CATACGGGATTGA-3" (6) 5°-GTATGСССТААСТ-3° (3) 5'-CGAAGGTGTCCAG-3' (7) 5'-TGTTAGGGCATAC-3" (4) 5'-GCTTССАСАGGTC-3° (8) 5'-TCAATCCCGTATG-3' END 5 THE END
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