. Write out the steps from glucose to the formation of the phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine, using chemical structures for the main substrates in each steps (not things like ATP). If there is a more than one way to do it, only show one way.

. Write out the steps from glucose to the formation of the phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine, using chemical structures for the main substrates in each steps (not things like ATP). If there is a more than one way to do it, only show one way.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2SQE

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6. The lens of the eye si the light refracting medium of the eye, and ti has no mitochondria. Glucose is used sa an energy source ni the lens. Which metabolic pathway of glucose supplies energy to the crystalline eye lens? To answer the question: a) write a diagram of the metabolic pathway that provides the eye's lens with ATP, specify enzymes and coenzymes; b) mark the reactions associated with the ATP consumption and synthesis, calculate the ATP yield during the process; )c specify the mechanisms ofATP synthesis ni the process; d)name the tissues and cells in which the ATP synthesis is the same as in hte lens; e) writethe dehydrogenation reaction and the reactionoffinal product formation occurring in the process;
Which pathway is shown below? 1. ATP phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. 2. Glucose 6-phosphate isomerizes to fructose 6-phosphate 3. ATP phosphorylation fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. EMP Stage 1: Glucose 2 G3P CH,OH CH,OH C-0 CHOPO 4-5. Cleavage produced GP and DHAP which isomerizes to another 3 НО" HO! hexokinase 0-Glucose HO Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) Choose one: CH,OPO HO- phosphogucose isomerase OH a-Glucose 6-phosphate OH phosphofructokinase OH CH₂O CH₂OH PO POCHO ADP OH OH a-Fructose 6-phosphate ATP OH OH CHOPO B-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate AHOTON CHLOPO Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) O A. TCA cycle OB. Glycolysis O C. Fermentation OD. Aromatic catabolism EMP Stage 2:2 G3P 2 Pyruvate Citycoraldehyde phosphate ROSTO krise H-C-DH olaca 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate NAD P phphucerade COPD. M CH-OPO KH HC OH erpolise ADP 3-Phosphoglycerate H piruvato ise ATP CHOPO CD, H-COPO, CH₂OH 2-Phosphoglycerate + H com C-O H.O CO, CHOPO H₂C Phosphoenolpyruvate…
4. Glucose containing 4Catoms was added to isolated hepatocytes in an experiment. Ifthe glucose was added in excess, the rate of triacylglycerol synthesis increased. The determination of carbon atoms in the triacylglycerol molecule confirmed that all carbon atoms in glycerol and fatty acids were "C atoms. Explain the results of the experiment. For that: a) name the mectabolites required for triacylglycerol synthesis, which are produced by glucose catabolism; b) draw the scheme of glucose catabolism to metabolites required for triacylglycerol synthesis which would explain the appearance of 4C atoms in the triacylglycerol molecule; c) draw the scheme representing the conversion of extra glucose to triacylglycerols in the liver.
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