3. Assign Report Ch.9_Attention_DualTask

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Apr 3, 2024

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Group Name: _______________________________ Class: ________ Section: ____ Assignment Report Ch.9 Attention Capacity Demands You must be part of a group of 4 students. A group report (not individual) is submitted to CANVAS. Each student must sign in CANVAS as part of one and only one group. One group of 4 students will work together and generate the data necessary for the assignment. Introduction Purpose: To demonstrate the use of the dual-task procedure as a technique to assess the attention capacity demands of simultaneously performing two skills. Textbook Reading Chapter 9 Task and Equipment Needed The two tasks to be performed simultaneously are balancing a pencil on the finger (with the eraser end on the finger pad of the index finger) and counting backwards by three's from a three digit number Equipment  Pencil with an eraser (Note: Everyone should have the same type and length of pencil; new, unsharpened pencils are preferred).  Two Stopwatches  Writing instrument and paper (or computer) to record subtraction task results Procedures Organize the students so that one student should be designated the participant , another one the experimenter . Both should be seated so that they face each other. The third student is the Assignment instructor , and the fourth the recorder . Students rotate to take all roles. The two tasks Primary task: Balancing a pencil on the index finger (with the eraser end on the finger pad between the first joint and the end of the finger) for a 15-sec. interval. The balance time begins when the Assign. Instructor says "go." The experimenter should start the stop watch at this time and should stop it when the pencil loses contact with the finger. If the pencil falls and time remains in the 15- sec. interval, the participant picks up the pencil and begins balancing it again, with the experimenter starting and stopping the stop watch accordingly. Continue this procedure until the Assign. Instructor says "stop" at the end of the 15-sec. Page 1 of 5

Group Name: _______________________________ Class: ________ Section: ____ interval. The recorder should record on the Individual Data Sheet the total amount of balance time for the trial. Secondary task: Counting backwards by 3's from a 3-digit number. The experimenter announces a different 3-digit number each trial (e.g., 231) immediately after the Assign. Instructor says "go" to initiate the 15-sec. interval for the trial. The participant should say aloud each 3-digit number counted. If the pencil loses contact with the finger, stop counting and begin from the last number stated when resuming the balancing of the pencil. The recorder should record the beginning 3-digit number and each number the participant says aloud. Note: You may want to make a few counting backwards by 3 lists with different staring numbers, but do not share them with the participant ahead of time!!!! Procedures for Experiment Phases Each participant should complete the three phases of the experiment in the following order. A. Primary Task Baseline: The participant performs the primary task only for 6 15- sec. trials. The experimenter records the total amount of balance time for each trial. B. Secondary Task Baseline: The participant performs the secondary task only for 6 15-sec. trials. The experimenter announces a different 3-digit number at the beginning of each trial, records the number and each 3-digit number said aloud and correctly by the participant. C. Dual-Task Performance: The participant performs the primary and secondary tasks simultaneously for 6 15-sec. trials. Page 2 of 5

Group Name: _______________________________ Class: ________ Section: ____ Results 1. Record the balance time for each trial of the Primary Task Baseline on the Individual Data Table of this assignment report and calculate the mean and standard deviation for the balance time for the 6 trials. 2. Record the number of correct 3-digit numbers for each trial of the Secondary Task Baseline on the Individual Data Table of this assignment report and calculate the mean and standard deviation for the number correct for the 6 trials. 3. Record the balance time for the primary task and the number of correct 3-digit numbers for each trial of the Dual-Task Performance phase on the Individual Data Table of this assignment report and calculate the means and standard deviations for the balance time and number correct for the 6 trials. NOTE: Copy and paste the individual data table as many times as necessary so data for all group members are reported. Individual Data Table Participant Student Name: Fady Makroufa Baseline Primary Task Baseline Secondary Task Dual-Task Performance Primary Task Secondary Task Trials Balance Time Number Correct Balance Time Number Correct 1 5.6 12 2 4.2 13 3 6.61 9 4 6.49 9 5 5.6 12 6 4.58 12 Mean 5.51 11.1 SD 2.2 3.855 0.0081 - 1.7161 - 1.21- 0.9604 - 0.081 - 0.8649 = 4.8405 Page 3 of 5

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Group Name: _______________________________ Class: ________ Section: ____ 0.81 – 3.61 – 4.41 – 4.41 – 0.81 – 0.81 = 14.86 4. Calculate the average values for each trial using all the data from all participants in the group for the three phases of the experiment on the Master data table. Calculate the Grand mean (AVERAGE) and Standard Deviations for the three phases of the experiment on the Master Data Table (green areas) for the assignment group. *C alculating standard deviation (SD): take the difference between each score and the mean, square this difference, add up these squared values, divide by n, and take the square root of that number. Master (Group) Data Table GROUP AVERAGE DATA Baseline Primary Task Baseline Secondary Task Dual-Task Performance Primary Task Secondary Task Trials Balance Time Number Correct Balance Time Number Correct 1 2 3 4 5 6 Grand Mean SD 5. Make two graphs, one for the primary task (TIME) and one for the secondary task (#CORRECT). Each graph should show two bars, (1) the mean TIME or #CORRECT and standard deviation (as error bars) results for the task alone, and (2) the mean TIME or #CORRECT and standard deviation (as error bars) results for the dual- Page 4 of 5

Group Name: _______________________________ Class: ________ Section: ____ task situations. (You can use the excel template included in this chapter materials in Canvas). Note: Add graphs here . Questions 1. How does the performance of each task compare when it was performed alone (the Baseline phase) and together with the other task (Dual-task performance phase)? 2. What do the results indicate about the need for attention capacity for performing the pencil balancing task? 3. Relate the results of this assignment to the Kahneman attention model (a central resource theory of attention). Your answer should illustrate your group’s understanding of central resource theory and within that, Kahneman’s theory. GROUP MEMBERS: Name Last name CSUN ID 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . Page 5 of 5

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