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PBPL 210 MOCK FINAL EXAM Use the following tables to answer questions 1 and 2. RECODE of | PARTLIV | (Living in | steady | partnership | ) | Freq. Percent Cum. ------------+----------------------------------- 0 | 572 41.15 41.15 1 | 818 58.85 100.00 ------------+----------------------------------- Total | 1,390 100.00 variable | mean p50 variance sd -------------+---------------------------------------- livepartner | .5884892 1 .242344 .4922845 ------------------------------------------------------ Question #1: Identify what level of measurement “livepartner” is. Explain why. A. Nominal B. Continuous/Interval/Ratio C. Ordinal Question #2: Identify the relevant central tendency statistics. Provide an interpretation of these statistics.

Use the table provided below to answer questions 3 and 4. RECODE of | MAINSTAT | (Main | status) | Freq. Percent Cum. ------------+----------------------------------- employed | 821 59.11 59.11 unemployed | 58 4.18 63.28 student | 29 2.09 65.37 disabled | 40 2.88 68.25 retired | 299 21.53 89.78 domestic | 142 10.22 100.00 ------------+----------------------------------- Total | 1,389 100.00 variable | mean p50 variance sd -------------+---------------------------------------- empstat | 2.542117 1 4.009212 2.002302 ------------------------------------------------------ Question #3: Identify what level of measurement “empstat” is. Explain why. A. Nominal B. Continuous/Interval/Ratio C. Ordinal Question #4: Identify the relevant central tendency and dispersion statistics. Provide an interpretation of these statistics.

Use the table provided below to answer question 5. . ttest empstat, by(livepartner) unequal Two-sample t test with unequal variances ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Group | Obs Mean Std. Err. Std. Dev. [95% Conf. Interval] ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 | 572 2.846154 .083925 2.007194 2.681314 3.010993 1 | 817 2.329253 .0690044 1.972368 2.193806 2.4647 ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- combined | 1,389 2.542117 .0537252 2.002302 2.436725 2.647508 ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- diff | .5169005 .1086509 .3037364 .7300646 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ diff = mean(0) - mean(1) t = 4.7574 Ho: diff = 0 Satterthwaite's degrees of freedom = 1215.33 Ha: diff < 0 Ha: diff != 0 Ha: diff > 0 Pr(T < t) = 1.0000 Pr(|T| > |t|) = 0.0000 Pr(T > t) = 0.0000 Question #5: Are the means of the variable “empstat” across “livepartner” significantly different? Justify your response.

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Use the table below to answer question 6. . ttest marst, by(dgovhous) unequal Two-sample t test with unequal variances ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Group | Obs Mean Std. Err. Std. Dev. [95% Conf. Interval] ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 | 317 2.794953 .1143426 2.035812 2.569984 3.019922 1 | 1,029 3.186589 .0663026 2.126856 3.056485 3.316693 ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- combined | 1,346 3.094354 .0575551 2.111575 2.981446 3.207261 ---------+-------------------------------------------------------------------- diff | -.3916362 .1321751 -.651271 -.1320015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- diff = mean(0) - mean(1) t = -2.9630 Ho: diff = 0 Satterthwaite's degrees of freedom = 545.277 Ha: diff < 0 Ha: diff != 0 Ha: diff > 0 Pr(T < t) = 0.0016 Pr(|T| > |t|) = 0.0032 Pr(T > t) = 0.9984 Question #6: Calculate the missing variables and determine whether the means of the variable “marst” across “dgovhous” significantly differ. Justify your response. Mean diff = -0.391636 std err diff = 0.04804 T= -8.15

Use the tables below to answer questions 7 and 8. | earnings edulevel -------------+------------------ earnings | 1.0000 edulevel | 0.3511 1.0000 Bivariate Regression Model - govresp & edyears Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 1,376 -------------+---------------------------------- F(1, 1374) = 12.24 Model | 5.79518932 1 5.79518932 Prob > F = 0.0005 Residual | 650.436321 1,374 .47338888 R-squared = 0.0088 -------------+---------------------------------- Adj R-squared = 0.0081 Total | 656.23151 1,375 .47725928 Root MSE = .68803 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ govresp | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- edyears | -.0225691 .0064504 -3.50 0.000 -.0352229 -.0099153 cons | 3.772245 .0904242 41.72 0.000 3.594861 3.94963 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Question #7: Interpret the correlation coefficients of the variables “govresp” and “edyears”. Question #8: Interpret the regression model. Use the table below to answer question 9 and 10. Multivariate Regression Model - govresp, edyears, age, kids Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 1,359 -------------+---------------------------------- F(3, 1355) = 14.08

Model | 19.5282894 3 6.50942982 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 626.503853 1,355 .462364467 R-squared = 0.0302 -------------+---------------------------------- Adj R-squared = 0.0281 Total | 646.032143 1,358 .475723227 Root MSE = .67997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ govresp | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| Beta -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- edyears | -.0224012 .0064531 -3.47 0.001 -.0933707 age | -.0053246 .0010487 -5.08 0.000 -.1403984 kids | .0461343 .048662 0.95 0.343 .0262805 _cons | 4.023399 .1092026 36.84 0.000 . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Coefficient Table of Regression Model Observed SD: 0.6897 SD of error: 0.6800 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | b t P>|t| bStdX bStdY bStdXY SDofX -------------+----------------------------------------------------------------- edyears | -0.0224 -3.471 0.001 -0.064 -0.032 -0.093 2.875 age | -0.0053 -5.077 0.000 -0.097 -0.008 -0.140 18.186 kids | 0.0461 0.948 0.343 0.018 0.067 0.026 0.393 constant | 4.0234 36.843 0.000 . . . . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Question #9: Interpret the slope coefficients of the variables “edyears”, “age”, and “kids”. Question #10: Interpret the regression model, relevant standardized or semi- standardized coefficients, and compare the bivariate and multivariate regression models.

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Question #11: When comparing two bivariate regression models, what should we analyze to determine which regression model is ‘better’ or ‘preferred’? Why?

Question #12: When comparing a bivariate regression model and a multivariate regression model, what should we analyze to determine which regression model is ‘better’ or ‘preferred’? Why? Question #13: Explain the difference between the following terms: population, sample, sampling distribution. Question #14: What does the z-score measure? A. One standard deviation in a normal distribution B. Two standard errors in a t-test C. One standard error in a normal distribution D. Two standard deviations in a t-test Question #15: Calculate the standard deviation when you have six cases with the values: 1, 5, 9, 11, 25.

Question #16: Name and describe the five OLS assumptions. Question #17: Name and describe the four bad controls. Question #18: What does it mean for a variable to be exogenous to another variable? What does it mean for a variable to be endogenous to another variable?

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Still to come: ● Polynomials ● Interaction Effects ● DD Model ● Etc. . reg FoodInsecure treatall##prepost Unemploymentrate Personalincome Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 102 -------------+---------------------------------- F(5, 96) = 19.58 Model | 722.915192 5 144.583038 Prob > F = 0.0000 Residual | 708.993535 96 7.38534932 R-squared = 0.5049 -------------+---------------------------------- Adj R-squared = 0.4791 Total | 1431.90873 101 14.1773141 Root MSE = 2.7176 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FoodInsecure | Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] -----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- 1.treatall | -3.067012 .803428 -3.82 0.000 -4.661803 -1.47222 1.prepost | -1.254218 1.133425 -1.11 0.271 -3.504049 .995613 | treatall#prepost | 1 1 | .4769207 1.114138 0.43 0.670 -1.734625 2.688467 | Unemploymentrate | 1.026893 .23173 4.43 0.000 .5669125 1.486873 Personalincome | -7.05e-10 6.88e-10 -1.02 0.309 -2.07e-09 6.62e-10 _cons | 10.46941 1.568835 6.67 0.000 7.3553 13.58353 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . listcoef regress (N=102): Unstandardized and standardized estimates Observed SD: 3.7653 SD of error: 2.7176 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | b t P>|t| bStdX bStdY bStdXY SDofX -------------+----------------------------------------------------------------- 1.treatall | -3.0670 -3.817 0.000 -1.490 -0.815 -0.396 0.486

1.prepost | -1.2542 -1.107 0.271 -0.630 -0.333 -0.167 0.502 1.treatall~t | 0.4769 0.428 0.670 0.222 0.127 0.059 0.466 Unemployme~e | 1.0269 4.431 0.000 2.054 0.273 0.546 2.000 Personalin~e | -0.0000 -1.024 0.309 -0.284 -0.000 -0.075 4.0e+08 constant | 10.4694 6.673 0.000 . . . . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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