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Feb 20, 2024
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Experimental design refers to the way in which participants are allocated to different conditions in an experiment. The researcher must be able to manipulate the independent variable and control
all other variables to determine the effect on the dependent variable. Participants should be randomly assigned to different groups to ensure that the groups are equivalent at the start of the study. The experiment should be repeatable with the same results. This helps to ensure the reliability and validity of the experiment (Anderson-Cook & Christine,2005). An instance of a research effort that uses comparison group models is the examination of the impact of an innovative instructional approach on academic achievement. In this study, the students in the experimental group are taught using the new method, while the students in the control group are taught using the traditional method. The effectiveness of the new teaching strategy is then evaluated by contrasting the two groups' performances. The degree to which a test captures what it is intended to capture is referred to as validity. If the teaching approach was the only thing that separated the two groups in the example above, then the design's validity would be quite high. If the experiment yielded the same results with different student groups, there would be high reliability in the procedures (Anderson-Cook & Christine,2005).
Anderson-Cook, C. M. (2005). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference.
Journal of the American Statistical Association
,
100
(470), 708.
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