SOCW_6311_W03_Ass.

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Jan 9, 2024

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1 Lashell Burley Single-Subject Design Study MSW, Walden University SOCW 6311: Social Work Practice Research II Dr. Endless Live December 16, 2023

2 Single-Subject Design Study Introduction The case study is Tiffani Bradley. She is a 16-year-old Caucasian female who has been arrested at least three times in the last two years for prostitution. She has experienced multiple incidents of molestation and sexual assault at the expense of her uncle and his friend. Tiffani decided one day that she was tired of her uncle and his friend touching her inappropriately. She ran away from home at the age of fourteen (14) and never returned. What issues are being addressed? The issues being addressed are sexual exploitation, human trafficking, and anxiety/ depression with low self-esteem. It is important to address the question because there are issues that need to be addressed within Tiffani Bradley in the single-subject design study. The goal is to evaluate the outcomes of cognitive behavior/ trauma and inform evidence-based practice (EBP) intervention for Tiffani, a survivor of human trafficking, a systematic and individualized approach is essential (Purtle, 2020). It would begin with a thorough assessment of Tiffani's cognitive trauma, identifying specific cognitive patterns and challenges. The chosen single- subject design for evaluating the outcomes of the EBP intervention on Tiffani is the ABC model. This model allows for a systematic approach to assessing the client's progress and the effectiveness of the intervention. The ABC model consists of three phases: baseline, intervention, and follow-up. In the baseline phase, the caseworker collects data on the client's current behavior or skill level. This serves as a reference point to compare against during the intervention phase. During the intervention phase, the caseworker implements the chosen EBP intervention and closely monitors the client's progress. This phase allows for assessing the intervention's impact on the client's behavior or skill development. By comparing the data collected during this phase to the baseline data, the caseworker can determine whether the intervention is effective. Finally,

3 the follow-up phase provides an opportunity to assess the maintenance of the client's progress after the intervention has ended. This phase helps determine if the positive changes observed during the intervention phase are sustained over time. In Conclusion, The ABC model is particularly beneficial for Tiffani because it allows for a comprehensive evaluation of her progress and the effectiveness of the intervention. It provides a clear data collection and analysis structure, enabling the caseworker to make informed decisions about Tiffani's treatment plan. Literature Review Kim, J. S. (2007). Examining the Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: A Meta-Analysis. Research on Social Work Practice . https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731507307807 . The journal discusses the meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy (SBFT) on adolescents. The method used hierarchical linear modeling software to synthesize the primary study and calculate the effective size estimate. Solution-focused Brief Therapy is effective in adolescents. The treatment was effective for SFBT is different than the control group. There is more evidence needed to support the study of Solution-focused Brief Therapy. In conclusion, social workers can use the study as one way as an evidence-based approach. Thielemann, J., Kasparik, B., König, J., Unterhitzenberger, J., & Rosner, R. (2022). A systematic review and meta-analysis of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect , 134 , 105899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105899 . The Journal discusses the Post Traumatic symptoms as a common consequence of traumatic events which requires a trauma-focused treatment. The meta-analysis conducted the

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4 effects of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) as a primary outcome for symptoms of grief, anxiety, and depression. The patients were between the ages of 3 and 21 with at least one traumatic event. There were at least a minimum of eight sessions of 4 TF-CBT sessions. The criteria for groups were different than for children and adolescents. There was a quantitative measure at the pre and post-treatment and only original research was allowed and no minimum session was required. There were different methods used such as Open Grey, Web of Science, PubMed, PsychInfo, and more. The results included 4523 participants and 33 uncontrolled studies were included. TF-CBT was proven to be effective from pre and post- treatment. TF-CBT is effective in children, adolescents, and even groups. In conclusion, trauma- focused cognitive behavioral Therapy is effective for one with anxiety, depression, and or grief symptoms and is recommended as the first treatment. Methodology The chosen single-subject design for evaluating the outcomes of the EBP intervention on Tiffani is the ABC model. This model allows for a systematic approach to assessing the client's progress and the effectiveness of the intervention. The ABC model consists of three phases: baseline, intervention, and follow-up. In the baseline phase, the caseworker collects data on the client's current behavior or skill level. This serves as a reference point to compare against during the intervention phase. During the intervention phase, the caseworker implements the chosen EBP intervention and closely monitors the client's progress. This phase allows for assessing the intervention's impact on the client's behavior or skill development. By comparing the data collected during this phase to the baseline data, the caseworker can determine if the intervention is effective.

5 Finally, the follow-up phase provides an opportunity to assess the maintenance of the client's progress after the intervention has ended. This phase helps determine if the positive changes observed during the intervention phase are sustained over time. The study will be conducted between March 2024 and September 2024. The sampling technique is the sampling method. The same size is one (Tiffani). The criteria for inclusion in the study is to have anxiety or depression. The recruitment process is talking to one on the phone and in person. The data collection will be taken by observations and records/documents. The data analysis will be done by interview. Validity and reliability can be conducted by test and retest reliability. Setting and Intervention The setting will occur in the agency. The information will be collected by records and documents and measuring if the therapy is effective for Tiffani. A baseline will be included in the intervention. the intervention being used is Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy and it will last seven or eight weeks before the follow-up stage for measuring outcomes and or results. The intervention will not cease so that I can accurately measure the outcomes and or results. The instruments to be used are interviews, observations, and surveys. Expected Results The anticipated results are the study will have a positive effect on the client and the instruments used will be proven to be effective in not only the client but other adolescents as well. The limit in research can be the sample size, and measure used to collect data. The potential impact of the study on future research, practice, or policy is expected to be positive and recommended to other adolescents. In Conclusion, The ABC model is particularly beneficial for Tiffani because it allows for a comprehensive evaluation of her progress and the effectiveness of

6 the intervention. It provides a clear data collection and analysis structure, enabling the caseworker to make informed decisions about Tiffani's treatment plan.

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7 References Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., Kliethermes, M., & Murray, L. A. (2012). Trauma- focused CBT for youth with complex trauma. Child Abuse & Neglect , 36 (6), 528–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.03.007 . Dudley, J. R. (2020). Social work evaluation: Enhancing what we do (3rd ed.). Kim, J. S. (2007). Examining the Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: A Meta- Analysis. Research on Social Work Practice . https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731507307807 . Oxford University Press. Thielemann, J., Kasparik, B., König, J., Unterhitzenberger, J., & Rosner, R. (2022). A systematic review and meta-analysis of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect , 134 , 105899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105899 .

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