Policy Analysis Part 3

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Policy Analysis Part 3 Breanna Eyles PennWest University SOWK 6600 Dr. Irene Fiala December 1, 2023

2 The goal of the proposal under review is to lower American poverty. Two policy options were presented to combat poverty in America: raising the federal minimum wage and making improvements to the country's current low-income programs, Medicaid, Affordable Housing, and SNAP. Five major social work frameworks—systems, social justice, ethics, strength-based, and sustainable—can be used to assess how American poverty is being tackled. In social work, systems theory is predicated on the notion that behavior is shaped by an array of interrelated elements that function as a system. These variables could include social situations, family, friends, economic status, and the atmosphere at home. Numerous of these variables affect the proposition under consideration. American poverty is significantly influenced by family. Generational poverty and situational poverty are two different categories of poverty that people can be in. Generational poverty you are born into, and situational poverty is the result of a specific change, such as a job loss, divorce, death, etc., which lowers personal income and support. Overcoming situational poverty is more prevalent than generational poverty because of resources like education and careers. Social justice encompasses a wide range of issues and advocates for the fair treatment of all people, regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation, disability or socioeconomic status. In order to assess how to handle the problem of poverty in America, social justice can be used, and the wealth disparity between affluent and poor can be examined. America's poverty is a serious social justice problem since it prevents those who are poor from having as many opportunities as possible. The ideals and ideas that direct people's actions and choices are referred to as ethics. There are numerous ethical approaches to assessing poverty in the United States. Being poor can have a big influence on a person's capacity for moral judgment. Unable to meet basic 2

3 requirements, people living in poverty frequently battle daily just to survive. This may lead individuals to engage in unethical practices in order to obtain necessities such as food and housing. Additionally, they don't have as much access to opportunities, which may hinder their capacity to make moral decisions. A study conducted by the American Psychological Association found that those who are poor are less likely to have access to chances for community service or high-quality education, both of which are resources that foster moral development. Poverty increases a person's likelihood of not having access to high-quality education. This may hinder their capacity to comprehend moral concepts and arrive at wise conclusions. A person can recognize their greatest qualities and the value they add simply by being themselves when they adopt a strength-based strategy. Instead of concentrating on their flaws, they are urged to emphasize their strengths. A strength-based strategy can be applied in a variety of ways to aid in the reduction of poverty in the United States. Every person might be viewed as having the power to alter their own circumstances. It acknowledges that each person has unique talents and abilities and considers ways to develop them. By putting social responsibility and environmental efforts into practice and cultivating good communication with all stakeholders for this proposal—including partners, customers, employees, and investors—a sustainable framework may be established. The proposal aims to improve low-income programs and increase the federal minimum wage. To aid with funding, the proposal used measures like taxing the wealthy and promoting economic equality. Congress has the authority to lower individual marginal tax rates, capital income taxes, and corporation taxes, particularly for the highest-earning individuals as previously indicated. A measure that the president signs into law must be passed by Congress 3

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4 in order to increase the federal minimum wage or enhance low-income programs. This plan will function by considering potential risks and difficulties. There will be certain possible difficulties, such as increased prices for goods and services. These commodities' increased pricing could force small businesses out of existence. To thrive, small business owners might need to terminate staff who didn't meet targets or who weren't productive. Talented workers may be hired again or hired at the new minimum wage level as a result. Additionally, non- profits run the risk of losing financing if the public's disposable income declines. Donations are the primary source of funding for nonprofit organizations, and when the minimum wage rises, discretionary income may decline. These are issues that nonprofits can handle on their own. They don't have investors who take up a portion of their expenses. They have the option to reduce staffing levels, hours worked, or services. Additionally, they can raise more money by doing activities like fundraisers. Thus, identifying these issues beforehand and coming up with remedies will increase the effectiveness of this plan. Success for the policy can be defined in several ways. The first step is to define the criteria. This would entail establishing a precise and doable goal, in this example the reduction of poverty in the United States. The timeline would then be determined, along with targets and indications. The second step is to select an appropriate data collection and analysis methodology, such as mixed, quantitative, qualitative, or participatory, for the policy performance data. Examining the impact of the policy from a variety of angles is the third technique to gauge its effectiveness. Diverse perspectives and experiences from many organizations and persons impacted by or participating in the execution of the policy. The goals and expectations of all pertinent parties, including beneficiaries, evaluators, implementers, and policymakers, should be reflected in the policy. The overall decrease in 4

5 poverty in America would indicate the policy's success. The results would not be adequate if there had been no drop in the rate of poverty. The public and the policy's stakeholders would get excellent communication on the policy's outcomes and implications. Considerations such as language choice, usage of visual aids, and audience-specific messaging would be necessary. The results should be presented with an emphasis on the conclusions, advantages and disadvantages, lessons learned, and suggestions for development. Input from the public and stakeholders would encourage transparency and accountability in the application of the policy. 5

6 References Tubb, M. (2021). Opinion | to end poverty in America, we need to start telling the truth about poor people. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/think/politics-policy/america- poverty-problem-can-be-fixed-rcna6963 Why is poverty higher in the U.S. than in other countries? (2017). Retrieved from https://confrontingpoverty.org/poverty-discussion-guide/why-is-poverty-higher-in-the-u-s- than-in-other-countries/#:~:text=As%20economist%20Rebecca%20Blank %20notes,poverty%20rates%20in%20the%20country. Shelton, S. (2019). Retrieved from https://borgenproject.org/how-poverty-effects-society- children-violence/#:~:text=Issues%20like%20hunger%2C%20illness%2C%20and,one %20problem%20rarely%20occurs%20alone. United States Census Bureau. National Poverty in America Awareness Month: January 2023. (2022). Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/newsroom/stories/poverty-awareness- month.html#:~:text=Official%20Poverty%20Measure,37.9%20million%20people%20in %20poverty. United States Department of Justice. L Lieberman; A B Smith. (1986). Crime and Social Justice Issue. Pages: 166-177. 6

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7 Pennsylvania Legal Aid Network. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.palawhelp.org/resource/public-housing-subsidized-housing#:~:text=PUBLIC %20HOUSING%20and%20subsidized%20housing,buy%20or%20repair%20a%20home. Introduction to Medicaid. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.cbpp.org/research/health/introduction-to-medicaid Ten Policy and Program Approaches to Reducing Child Poverty. (2019). Retrieved from Https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547351 Strengthening Medicaid. American Medical Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/medicare-medicaid/strengthening- medicaid Nadeau, S. N. A. (2023). Raising the minimum wage would be an investment in growing the middle class. Center for American Progress. Retrieved from https://www.americanprogress.org/article/raising-the-minimum-wage-would-be-an- investment-in-growing-the-middle-class/ 7

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