literature Review copy

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Grand Canyon University *

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531

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Sociology

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Jan 9, 2024

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1  Interventions For Women who suffer from homelessness Adriene S Hall SWG 533 Dr. Ignacio Arizona State University October 17, 2023

2 Background There are millions of women who suffer from Homelessness. Some find themselves trapped in a life they never thought they found themselves in. What makes it even harder, is when there are children involved. Some women who want to get help sometimes find it hard to get into a shelter if they have a male child. Empirically most information is available regarding how best to intervene with substance-abusing homeless mothers. This study pilot-tested a comprehensive intervention with 15 homeless women and their 2- to 6-year-old children, recruited from a local family shelter. All participants were offered integrated intervention with three major components. The first component was housing which included 3 months of rental and utility assistance, and these services were not contingent upon women's abstinence from drugs or alcohol. The second and third components included 6 months of case management services and an evidence-based substance abuse treatment (Community Reinforcement Approach; CRA). Analysis revealed that women showed reductions in substance use (F 2,22 = 3.63; p < .05), homelessness (F 2,24 = 25.31; p < .001), and mental health problems (F 2,20 = 8.5; p < .01). Further, women reported reduced internalizing (F 2,22 = 4.08; p < .05) and externalizing problems (F 2,24 = 7.7; p = .01) among their children. The findings suggest that the intervention is a promising approach to meet the multiple needs of this vulnerable population. These positive outcomes support the need for future research to replicate the findings with a larger sample using a randomized design”. (2012)

3 Theoretical approach From a social work theoretical approach, the theory I chose guides women who want help and don’t know how to get it. My goal is to inform as many victims and survivors as I can so that they can get the help they need whether it be through therapy or going back to school there’s help. An article by, “ Flavio Francisco Marsigila, Stephen S. Kulis and Stephanie Lechuga-Pena” states, “Several branches that emerged from the second wave of feminism have advanced different solutions to discrimination against women while promoting women’s rights and identities within the spheres of reproduction, sexuality, living arrangements, and the larger culture. One branch, liberal feminism, has concentrated on reforms that would better integrate women into existing social, economic, and political institutions rather than working to change these institutions fundamentally. Organizations like the National Organization for Women or (NOW) have pursued this agenda through antidiscrimination lawsuits, political lobbying, and educational campaigns to increase public awareness of issues affecting women, such as domestic violence”. (2021) Most women who follow program steps for homelessness, drug abuse, and IPV usually heal faster and live successful lives. I feel it is my duty as a social worker to meet the needs of all people more so women with children. I have found in my research as well as volunteering for a domestic violence shelter that most women are so traumatized by their abuser that they’re afraid to take the help that is offered to them. No one should have to live in fear no matter the gender.

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4 Literature review African American women have lived under generational curses. For some, they don’t know how or where to begin to break them. Many African American women with children suffer from homelessness, substance abuse, and/or IPV, their behaviors are manifested in their children because this is all they’ve known. Which in turn causes a trickle-down effect from mother to children. An article in “AIDS Care” states, “ African American females in the U.S. are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, and a large majority of new infections in this population are attributed to heterosexual contact. Risk factors include substance abuse , lack of knowledge about male partners' possible HIV infection risk, incarceration, disruptions of social networks, and intimate partner violence. This study assessed the effects of a comprehensive, evidence-based prevention intervention , Creating Lasting Family Connections (CLFC) that was implemented with sensitivity to African American females, using a quasi-experimental design. The CLFC program was implemented with 175 women and their results were compared to a convenience sample of 44 women who were similar on background characteristics. Results showed significant (p < .05, two-tailed) increases in the proportion of individuals getting HIV tested and getting the results from these tests, a larger decrease in intimate partner abuse within the past three months, and larger increases in three relationship skills (emotional expression, interpersonal skills, and relationship satisfaction) relative to the comparison group”. (2017)

5 References Bomsta, Heather ; Sullivan, Cris M.New York: Springer US Journal of family violence, 2018, Vol.33 (6), p.371-380 Collins, David A. ; Shamblen, Stephen R. ; Strader, Ted N. ; Arnold, Brooke BABINGDON: Taylor & FrancisAIDS care, 2017, Vol.29 (8), p.966-973 Diversity, oppression, and change culturally grounded social work, FlavioFrancisco Marsigila, Stephen S. Kulis and Stephanie Lechuga-Pena 2021,2016,2008 Slesnick, Natasha ; Erdem, Gizem ABINGDON: Taylor & Francis Group Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.), 2012, Vol.38 (2), p.36-48

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