1-2 short answers

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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200

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Module One Question 1 Do you have any healthy habits? What role have culture and environment played in the healthy or unhealthy habits that you have formed? Growing up in the Midwestern United States in a very rural area, I picked up plenty of unhealthy habits, but this culture also instilled healthy habits. Things like getting enough sleep each night, drinking enough water, and ensuring I get enough movement throughout the day were important for supporting the work ethic required to sustain the kind of self- sufficient lifestyle you will find in rural American communities like the one I grew up in. These habits have stuck with me even after leaving rural America for a more urban lifestyle as they became a big part of who I am. Module One Question 2 Choose a society from the map. Within that society, characterize one of the social science principles we identified in this learning block. As a reminder, the social science principles we focus on in this course are: social roles, social institutions, social norms, and beliefs and values. For example, what is a social role that exists in Okinawa? Who occupies this role? In Loma Linda, California, social norms of Seventh Day Adventists such as observing the Sabbath on Saturday as a day of rest and relaxation, not smoking, and not drinking alcohol have been adopted by the community and the local laws reflect this such as the almost total smoking ban in the city limits and the fact that the majority of businesses close on Saturday. Social pressure likely helps to enforce these norms as the majority of this community adheres to the Seventh Day Adventist denomination of Christianity where these social norms are the way of life for its members even outside of Loma Linda. Module One Question 3 Provide an example of the environment influencing the population in an area of increased longevity. Then provide an example of the population in that area influencing its environment. In Sardinia, Italy, the rocky mountainous landscape of the highlands where the community lives lends itself to an isolated community where shepherding is the primary way of life, this isolation and highly active profession requires a level of self-sufficiency and physical activity that naturally creates healthy habits. However, recent changes resulting from globalization are impacting the environment with the introduction of automobiles. Increased access and availability of automobiles will impact both the population and the environment through a reduction in physical activity and a rise in air pollution.

Module One Question 4 Think about factors affecting your lifestyle in comparison to the areas of increased longevity. Characterize two social science principles in your day-to-day life. Use the two principles that you did not describe in response to the earlier question. For example, you could describe some social norms in your day-to-day life. In my day-to-day life, the social roles of the man being a provider and the woman overseeing the running of the home that you would find in Sardinia are very different from my own. There is added stress from having to both earn an income and keep our home running smoothly. I also do not have the same beliefs and values that someone from Loma Linda would likely have regarding things like alcohol and caffeine consumption or a vegetarian diet. Module One Question 5 From a social science perspective, what are three factors that shape your day-to-day life? For example, you could describe some factors that influence your social interactions, your access to certain foods, your day-to-day activities, the pace of life in your area, etc. The pace of life in my community is very busy with people constantly jumping from one responsibility to the next with little time to rest in between. Another factor that impacts my day-to-day life is the availability of highly processed foods as fresh foods are much more expensive and more difficult to obtain, making my diet less healthy than it could be. A final factor that shapes my day-to-day life is the fact that the majority of my tasks during the day are sedentary compared to the community I grew up in, with most of my time being spent at a desk making physical activity something that I have to consciously seek out. Module One Question 6 Identify two social science issues related to war. The psychological implications of war on both civilians and combatants are a good example of a social science issue dealing with war. Another might be the statistics surrounding sexual assault during deployments amongst women in the US military being treated as a "when" not an "if" scenario by chains of command and the impact this attitude has on the mental well- being of female servicemembers.

Module One Question 7 Identify two social science issues related to education. One social science issue related to education is the impact of banning books in school libraries. Another social science issue that would be of interest related to education is the rising cost of higher education in the United States. Module One Question 8 Recall: what are the five social institutions that we are examining in this course? The five social institutions that we are examining in this course are education, economy, government, religion, and family. Module One Question 9 Identify the social institutions discussed in this reading about India. Social institutions in this reading about India include the dominant religion of Hinduism, and the role of family structures in society such as the changing nature of family from a multigenerational extended family system to more of a nuclear family makeup. Another social institution that was discussed in the reading was the role of education in influencing the economy where receiving an education from an English school gives students, especially girls, a better shot at marrying into a higher caste and better prospects for a white-collar job. Finally, the institution of government was discussed in the reading concerning the recent passage of antidiscrimination laws aiming to protect those in the lower castes who have historically faced discrimination and mistreatment due to their caste. Module One Question 10 Choose one of the five social institutions. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. The social institution of religion has been heavily influencing the role of the family through the rigid caste system found in Hinduism which dictates who you can marry or interact with. Another factor impacting the role of the family is cultural and social changes that are

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redefining a woman's place in society and a shift toward a more nuclear family model. Education is another factor that impacts the social institution of family in India because a woman who receives an education at an English school is more likely to have the opportunity to marry for love outside of her caste instead of an arraigned marriage within her caste which has the potential to influence the kind of family relationships she will have going forwards. Module One Question 11 Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could be researched further. One social science issue related to the social institutions in India that could be researched further would be the shift from multigenerational extended family systems to a more nuclear family-based society. Another social science issue that could be researched further is the impact of British colonization on the institution of government in India and its impacts on different groups of citizens. Module One Question 12 Describe two social norms in Dubai noted in the reading and explain how these social norms may differ from those of the culture that you grew up in. The most obvious difference in social norms to me between Dubai and the rural American culture that I grew up in is the fact that drinking alcohol is not allowed in Dubai as it was a big part of socializing in the culture I was raised in, and you would be hard pressed to find a social gathering that didn't involve alcohol in one form or another. Another difference in social norms would be the focus on modesty in Dubai with women wearing loose clothing that covers them completely and a hijab, in the culture I was raised in this would be highly unusual and most women wore jeans and a t-shirt, and rarely if ever covered their hair. In both cases, if you followed the social norms from Dubai in the rural American culture that I was raised in, you would be met with awkwardness at best, and judgment, discrimination, or criticism at worst, especially for women wearing a hijab after 9/11. Module One Question 13 What factors shape the social norms in Dubai? Name at least two, and describe how they shape the social norms. Religion, specifically Islam, is the most obvious factor shaping the social norms in Dubai as

the social norms are in line with Islamic laws and standards. Globalization is another factor that is shaping the social norms, however, as the local norms are being influenced by tourists and visiting businesspeople who bring with them the norms and values from their own culture. Module One Question 14 What factors influence your society's social norms? Name at least two social norms that exist in your culture, and describe the factors that influence them. In the rural American culture that I was raised in it was considered normal to bring food, offer free labor, or some other kind of tangible assistance to a neighbor who has experienced some kind of loss, whether it was financial, their physical property like from a storm or fire, or a death in their family and it was considered disrespectful and unneighborly not to. The major factor behind this social norm was the economic status of the community and the community-minded attitude of the culture because we were all just scraping by financially and what impacted one person impacted us all. Another factor was religion, specifically Christianity, because another social norm was a day of rest on Sunday after church where the local businesses were mostly closed on Sundays and there would be a lot of community gatherings after church let out. Module One Question 15 Based on the reading about Dubai, identify two social science issues that could be researched further. One social science issue that could be researched further is how the way that the culture in Dubai treats alcohol consumption impacts the rate of alcoholism in the community. Another would be how globalization and the rise of Dubai as a hub for international business are changing the attitudes surrounding women's attire in the workplace. Module One Question 16 Now choose a social science issue listed above, or pick one of your own. Adopt the social science perspective to ask a question about this issue from the point of view of a psychologist. What is a question that a psychologist might have about this social science issue? A psychologist might be interested in studying how being raised under Sharia law in Dubai

impacts their future relationships. Specifically, how do the lessons a person learns from being raised under Sharia law impact the way that a man acts in his business relationships with his female counterparts? Module One Question 17 Now choose a social science issue listed above, or pick one of your own. Adopt the social science perspective to ask a question about this issue from the point of view of a sociologist. What is a question that a sociologist might have about this issue? A sociologist might be interested in learning about how living in a region that is governed by Islamic principles impacts the culture's perception of public displays of affection. Specifically, how have the Islamic principles that shape Dubai's legal and moral codes led to the social norm in Dubai being absolutely no public displays of affection being permitted, and even extremely limited physical contact between people of the opposite gender in general? Module One Question 18 Now choose a social science issue listed above, or pick one of your own. Adopt the social science perspective to ask a question about this issue from the point of view of an anthropologist. What is a question that an anthropologist might have about this issue? An anthropologist might be interested in studying the attitudes in Dubai surrounding public displays of affection and the rates of divorce. Specifically, they might ask, how do the public attitudes and laws around public displays of affection correlate to the rate of divorce in Dubai in comparison to Western cultures? Module One Question 19 Who occupies the social role of spiritual leader in most Papua New Guinean kinship groups? All adults occupy the social role of spiritual leader in most Papua New Guinean kinship groups as it is generally regarded as the role of every adult to see to their spiritual practices by acquiring knowledge of sorcery and spirituality. However, some "Big Men" still occupy this role in their community as well claiming to have powerful spiritual abilities.

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Module One Question 20 What are the societal expectations for a woman's social role in Papua New Guinea? What influences these expectations? A woman is expected to fill the social roles of daughter, mother, or elder in Papua New Guinea. This is the result of family units being the central elements in this society which only gives women very narrow options of roles to fulfill. Module One Question 21 Within your own society, what social roles do you occupy? What other social roles could you occupy, if you chose to? How much choice does your society give you to occupy different social roles? How much flexibility do you have to fill that social role differently than society expects? Within my society, I fulfill the roles of spouse, pet owner, student, child, friend, and advocate. If I could choose, I would also want to occupy the role of parent, researcher, and educator. The rural culture I was raised in didn't offer much flexibility or choice in the roles afforded to people assigned female at birth like myself, we were expected to be wives, mothers, homemakers, and helpmeets to our husbands; however, this is starting to change and I am finding that I have more flexibility and choice in the roles that I fill that may not line up with what was expected of me growing up as opinions and beliefs about gender evolve.

1-2 short answers

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