101 Exam 3 (1)-1

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University of Kentucky *

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101

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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6

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SOC 101 Exam 3 All questions are worth 2 points unless otherwise indicated. Please use course resources for all answers and reach out if I can help point you in the direction of an answer. If your answer is not aligned with course resources, it will not be correct. I want you all to do great on this, so let me know if I can help you find anything! Hint: if the question asks about race or ethnicity, you can find the answer in Module 10. If the question asks about gender or sexuality, you can find the answer in Module 11 Multiple Choice: Please highlight the correct answer. 1. Which of the following can be used as a noun to describe gender? a. female b. male c. intersex d. man 2. If the gender of an individual aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth (e.g., they identify as a woman and were assigned female at birth), which term describes this phenomenon? a. cisgender b. gender binary c. transgender d. heterogender 3. Which term describes both an ideology and set of institutional practices that privilege heterosexuality over other sexual orientations? a. sexism b. transphobia c. heterosexism d. cisgenderism 4. Which term, coined by W.E.B. Dubois, refers to the dual awareness of who one knows they are compared with how the world sees them? a. dual understanding b. double consciousness c. secondary viewpoint d. twin cognition 5. _______________ refers to any attitude, behavior, practice, or policy that explicitly or implicitly reflects the belief that immigrants or those with another culture or cultural aspects are inferior to a dominant group of people. 1
a. homophobia b. xenophobia c. counterphobia d. cynophobia 6. According to the 2022 World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap report (also linked in the slides), where does the US rank in comparison with other countries on gender equality? a. 2nd b. 17th c. 27th d. 120 th 7. Social scientists reject the biological notions of race, instead favoring an approach that treats race as a social __________. a. need b. imperative c. construct d. drive 8. Which theory relates to the idea expressed in the last question about the way that sociologists view race? a. functionalism b. modernization c. racial formation d. gender binary 9. According to the course content, can a person be racist against an ethnic group? a. Yes b. No 10. What has happened to the amount of time it will take to close the global gender gap between 2020 and 2021? a. It has increased. b. It has decreased. c. It has stayed about the same. Short Answer-- Please write short responses. These are not essay questions so one or two sentence responses are fine, but if you want to write more, please feel free to do so. If you can answer the question, with bullets or one-word answers, that’s fine too. Sentences are not necessary. If you could highlight your answers, that would make it faster for me to grade. Some of you did this in the last exam and it was super helpful!! Thanks! 2
11. Support your answer for #10. According to course resources, why has the time that it will take to close the global gender gap increased, decreased, or stayed about the same (be specific!)? The time has increased because there are several sobering statistics relating to higher economic hurdles, declining political participation, and workplace challenges, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic . Women also are only holding 26.1% of parliamentary seats and 22.6% of ministerial positions worldwide 12. The World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Index is built around four components. What do each of these four components (sometimes called pillars in the report) measure? Note: I am not asking for you to describe these components in detail, but only provide their names or a one-word description of them. i. economic opportunity ii. political power iii. education iv. health 13. What is the difference between race and ethnicity? Race is a group of people who share a set of characteristics usually physically deemed by society to be socially significant. Ethnicity is a group of people who identify with each other based on similar ancestry, language, culture, and religion. The differences between the 2 lead to terms like prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. 14. Why would a sociologist argue that reverse racism is impossible? Minoritized groups in society do not have structural power 15. In step 10.5, I asked you to write one-sentence definitions in your notes for oppression, structural racism, and white supremacy. Please write two of these three one-sentence definitions below. White Supremacy-When a society gives power to white people and white people feel that they are better than people of color Oppression- A powerful social group that suppresses another social group for social, economic, and political benefits this is done through power and prejudice 16. All three of the concepts mentioned in the previous question relate to the video I asked you to watch about the lingering effects of colonization in Africa. Please describe how at least one of these concepts relates to this video. Oppression relates to this video. This is shown by the British coming and taking over the Africans land. In the video it talks about how British soldiers expelled families from their home, stole land and livestock and committed gross human rights violations all for the sake of planting the tea crop. This relates to the term oppression because by taking over the land Britain benefited from taking this land for economic benefits of making 3
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money for selling tea. They also took the land through power and prejudice of harming the african people who inhabited the land. 17. Why are worldwide comparisons of racial inequality frequently not comprehensive nor common? Racial and ethnic contexts vary so much because race is socially constructed and racial and ethnic context depends on the society that you’re in. 18. Drawing on our course lecture/discussion, explain the difference between sex and gender in your own words. Sex refers to more biological terms like your genetic makeup and having a certain set of chromosomes that reproductive organs however gender is more so roles that society has set to define a person 19. What was one interesting fact that you learned from your classmates’ final project presentations? Be specific! One interesting fact I found from Keira Egan Philippines is that a family of 5 can survive off of $308 USD a month for an average salary in the Philippines. This was interesting to me because I just supported myself and I couldn’t live off of that much a month. It also makes me want to go to the Philippines to see how cheap things are. 20. What is one thing that the documentary Girl Rising taught you about global inequality and how does this relate to inequity? Girl Rising taught me education is very important in order to move up in a society. It showed me how much of a difference having an education is to one's life and society. A person who gets an education is less likely to experience abuse and maltreatment. This relates to inequity because by giving people the same education opportunity it puts people on an even playing field and gives people a chance to succeed in society. 21. Whose media connection stood out to you as particularly interesting, important, or effective? Why? I found Moriah Mccain Hunger Games connection to be very interesting and effective. I think this because I have watched the Hunger Games movie multiple times and read the book and never made the connection between poverty and low income societies. It was a really good example and makes you look at the move differently and really showed how messed up and corrupt the capital was. 22. Throughout the course, you worked on a project that enabled you to learn about global inequalities and where your home country falls globally and in relation to another specific country. With this project in mind, choose ONE of the following questions to answer: a. What is one thing you learned about your home country that surprised you? 4
I learned that the United States fell below the average for fertility replacement rates. I was surprised by this because America is a well developed country and the land of opportunity. However, this statistic showed that a lot of people are not wanting to reproduce. It als surprised me because as a person who doesn’t necessarily want kids I feel like everyone is constantly having kids and I don’t necessarily notice the decline because most people think I’m crazy when I say I don’t want children. b. What is one specific aspect in which your home country can improve compared with other countries? c. What is one thing that your home country can learn from the country you wanted to learn more about? 23. In relation to gender, do you believe that the division of labor described by structural functionalists such as Durkheim and Parsons (referenced either in the video or reading you read on sociological perspectives of gender) is still apparent in society? If so, please give an example. If not, explain why you do not think so. Please make sure that you also include a definition of the gendered division of labor in your own words in your response as well. Gendered division of labor is the roles men and women take in society. This is typically men being the breadwinner and working to provide for the family, while women are looked to take care of the family and household. I believe that this idea is a little more outdated. I feel like more women are chasing their dream and career goals. 24. Describe intersectionality in your own words. Why is understanding this concept helpful when considering inequality? Intersectionality is how multiple aspects of a person's life come together to define that person and often gives people either advantages or disadvantages in life. For example a white man will experience more advantages from intersectionality then a black female. To me it kind of seems like how many strikes a person has against them. Understanding these concepts helps you see inequality because you're able to see how different marginalized groups are treated then others. 25. Reflect on everything that you have learned in the class up until this point. Then, choose ONE of the following questions to answer: a. What is one way that the content we covered in this course connects with your major and/or a potential future career path that you are interested in pursuing? Fun fact: Sociology majors work in ostensibly every career path, so if you aren’t entirely sure what you want to do, sociology might be a great major for you! I cannot think of a career that would not benefit from sociological knowledge and I (selfishly) would love to have you all in more classes! 5
The content connects to my Psychology with a minor in criminal justice because the assignments helped me to see the world on a larger scale and to see how different people from different societies are affected. Living in America we often don’t think about what people from other countries are going through and even other parts of America. I also feel like this class will help me fight even harder to give people equal opportunities. I plan on working with ex convicts and by understanding how important education is I feel it will give me a better chance at helping them. b. What was the most interesting, useful, or surprising thing that you learned in this course and why? THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL OF THE HARD WORK!! I’ll grade this and get it back to you as soon as I can! 6
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