Quiz Answers Chapters 1-7

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Quiz Chapter 1: Introduction to Sociology 1) A paradigm can be defined as:  Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them. 2) Weber’s proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to ______ while examining different social worlds.  Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms 3) Qualitative sociology can be defined as:  In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data. 4) ____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored ____.  Karl Marx; Communism 5) Sociology is defined as the:  Systematic study of society and social interaction. 6) What approach is often used to understand what’s defined as deviant within a society?  Constructivism 7) A hypothesis can be defined as:  A testable proposition 8) Political science teacher Mr. Jones asks his students to study how social media can influence public opinion by “following” famous activists, academics, and politicians on Twitter. While reading and exchanging each other’s Tweets, some classmates became close friends. The first is an example of the project’s __ function, the second is an example of the project’s ___ function.  manifest; latent 9) The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as:  Figuration 10) Verstehen is defined by the text as:  To understand in a deep way.

Quiz Chapter 2: Sociology Research 1) The term interpretive framework can be defined as:  A sociological research approach that seeks in-depth understanding of a topic or subject through observation or interaction; this approach is not based on hypothesis testing. 2) Alexis wants to research the 1960’s feminist movement. She reads articles from the time period, watches documentaries, reads scholarly journals on the topic, and interviews influential women from the movement. What kind of research method is Alexis using?  Secondary data analysis 3) Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public’s perception of World War II. This is an example of ______.  Secondary data 4) John wants to study whether a larger number of laptops available to students at his school lead to higher grades. Choose the independent and dependent variable.  Independent variable: Number of laptops; Dependent variable: Grades 5) Thomas wants to better understand the trends in literacy rates in Baltimore city over the past 50 years using Baltimore city data. What type of research should Thomas conduct?  Secondary data analysis 6) The term value neutrality is defined by the text as:  A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results. 7) Quincia is studying how of the lack of comprehensive sex education is affecting a small, rural town in North Dakota. She spends two months in the town, observing and interviewing the townspeople. Quincia is conducting a(n) _____.  Ethnography 8) Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?  Receive corroboration from the field 9) In order to better understand the sorority pledging process at her university for her sociology thesis, Carmen pledges with a popular sorority. This is an example of _____.  Participant observation 10) Reliability is defined by the text as:  A measure of a study’s consistency that considers how likely results are to be replicated if a study is reproduced.

Quiz Chapter 3: Culture 1) In the early 2000’s, The L Word and Queer as Folk debuted on Showtime. Both shows depicted the lives of members of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) community, thus giving viewers a glimpse into a ______.  Subculture 2) Xenocentrism is:  The opposite of ethnocentrism 3) Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. She feels she no longer knows how to behave or interact with those outside her family. Angelica is experiencing _____.  Culture shock 4) Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?  The football team throwing a slushy in Finn’s face because he tried to join the Glee club. 5) Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States. “I hate the food,” she tells her family at home. “I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music. America is clearly the best place to be.” This is an example of _______.  Ethnocentrism 6) What group defines themselves through a rejection of the mainstream:  Hippies 7) Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. “Let’s see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they’ll appreciate it. They just don’t understand what they’re missing.” Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt’s perspective is an example of _______.  Cultural imperialism 8) The term language can be defined as:  A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted. 9) Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?  Incest taboos

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10) Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?  The hippie movement of the 1960’s Quiz Chapter 4: Society and Social Interaction 1) As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because:  All of these o Collective norms are weakened. o Society no longer has the support of the collective consciousness. o Specialization of labor lead to alienation. 2) Alienation is defined by the text as:  The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self.* 3) _____ describes how any action that is repeated frequently becomes cast into a pattern.  Habitualization 4) Which of the following is NOT an example of organic solidarity?  A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama 5) Which of the following is NOT an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?  Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third. 6) The Agricultural Revolution is often referred to as “dawn of civilization” because:  Cities and towns were established, and humans had more time for leisure activities. 7) The concept anomie can be defined as:  A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness. 8) Charles Cooley’s concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that:  People base their images on how they think other people see them. 9) Please place the following societies in chronological order:  Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural 10) Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______.

 Ascribed status Quiz Chapter 5: Socialization 1) Some sociologists have pointed out that gender roles are often determined by how a society socializes young boys and girls. Which of the following is an example of socializing a child into a gender role?  Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with. 2) Erik Erikson’s theory explains:  How the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life. 3) Sherry is in her mid-eighties and is moving to a nursing home. She is used to getting up at 5 o’clock each morning and making breakfast for herself. Her new roommate likes to sleep until 7 o’clock and breakfast is not served at the nursing home until 8 o’clock. What is Sherry most likely to experience through this transition?  Resocialization 4) Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?  Carol Gilligan 5) Education is important to society because:  All of these o It teaches children facts about the world in which they live. o It teaches children how to interact with their peers and helps them to gain social graces. o It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave in group and one- on-one situations. 6) It is parent-teacher conference day at Littleton Elementary School. Jimmy’s teacher is anxious to meet his parents and discuss his habit of disrupting the class. When the teacher expresses her concern that Jimmy is not being socialized properly, his dad insists that he was the same way at Jimmy’s age and that disrupting the class is natural for the children in his family. Jimmy’s teacher and father are arguing about which fundamental sociological theory?  Nature vs. Nurture 7) The transition from college life to work life can be quite difficult for many young adults in the United States. Which is a possible cause for this struggle?  All of these

o The status quo has been maintained for a substantial period of time, and now the economy and government are undergoing significant changes. o Many young people are in the same situation, so drawing expertise or knowledge from their experiences from peers is difficult. o Finding a job, renting an apartment, and being independent is a daunting task that seems insurmountable. 8) Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?  Symbolic Interactionism 9) Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more AP class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed’s interaction with the school’s bureaucracy is an example of:  The hidden curriculum of schools 10) Mark, whose parents are wealthy, has been socialized to believe that he can be whoever he wants to be. His best friend Matt, whose parents are blue-collar workers, has been socialized to believe that hard work and following instructions is all he needs to support himself. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit?  Conflict Quiz Chapter 6: Groups and Organization 1) Which of the following is an example of an in-group/out-group dynamic:  Members of sorority Delta Delta Delta advise their pledges not to socialize with members of pledges of rival sorority Sigma Delta Theta. 2) Kellan wants to shop at Express for the new school year, but because all of his friends shop at Pacific Sun, Kellan does as well. Kellan’s behavior is an example of:  Conformity 3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy:  Personality-based promotion 4) The concept “reference groups” can be defined as:  Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself. 5) An instrumental leader:

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 Is goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks. 6) Christine is president of her Improvisation Comedy Troupe. When making decisions about booking gigs, rehearsal spaces, and call-times, Christine leaves the troupe to decide for themselves. Christine is a(n) _____ leader.  Laissez-faire 7) The United States Government is a form of:  A bureaucracy 8) A total institution can be defined as:  An organization in which participants live a controlled lifestyle and in which total resocialization occurs. 9) A famous socialite is court-ordered to enter a rehabilitation center to eliminate her drug addiction. The socialite is about to become a member of a:  Coercive organization 10) The McDonalidization of Society refers to:  The increasing presence of the fast-food business model in common social institutions. Quiz Chapter 7: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control 1) Strain theory:  Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals. 2) What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime?  A hate crime is based on a person’s race, religion, or other characteristics. 3) Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was:  Necessary; it challenged people’s views. 4) The term deviance can be defined as:  A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. 5) Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime?  Corporate crime

6) Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction?  Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine. 7) The term secondary deviance can be defined as:  When a person’s self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. 8) An average of _____ people in the United States fall victim to hate crimes each year?  200,000 9) Social control is:  The regulation and enforcement of norms. 10) Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a:  Positive formal sanction

Quiz Answers Chapters 1-7

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