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1 Final Project Milestone 3: Social Advocacy Proposal Alexis Sanders Walden University SOCW- 6361-23 Dr. Slade January 7, 2024

2 Final Project Milestone 3: Social Advocacy Proposal Synopsis: Racial Inequality The term "racial inequality" describes the ongoing discrepancies and prejudice that exist in society between various racial and ethnic groupings. It's a complicated problem with many facets that has presented a significant obstacle in many parts of the world, especially in nations where slavery and colonialism have long histories. Systemic elements, such as structural racism—a type of institutionalized discrimination ingrained in social, political, economic, and cultural systems—are frequently the source of racial inequality. Inequalities in housing, work, medical care, and educational institutions can result from this, as well as disparate availability of resources, possibilities, and services. The existence of differences in wealth and income is one of the most noticeable signs of racial inequality. When compared to white people, members of racial minorities—especially Black and Hispanic people— typically have lower income and wealth levels. Structural barriers include discrimination in the workplace, unequal opportunity for training and education, and scarce resources in communities of color are frequently to blame for this. Because members of racial minorities are overrepresented in jails and prisons, racial inequality is also visible in the criminal justice systems. Bias in the criminal justice system, such as racial profiling, police brutality, and heavier sentences for people of color, is frequently to blame for this. Health inequalities are a component of racial inequality as well. Comparing racial minorities to white people, black people in particular have a shorter lifespan and a greater likelihood of chronic illnesses like coronary artery disease, diabetes, and cancer. This is frequently caused by a confluence of variables, such as socioeconomic inequality, a lack of accessibility to healthcare, and environmental factors.

3 Synopsis: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 A historic piece of American legislation, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, sought to outlaw discrimination based on race and segregation. On July 2, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed it into law. The law forbade discrimination on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in the workplace, public accommodations, and federally supported initiatives. In order to carry out the act's requirements, it additionally created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). A major step toward granting equality and civil rights to all Americans was the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Selection of Policy: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 The fight for fundamental rights as citizens in the United States by Americans of African descent served as the impetus for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As an African American policy advocate, I chose the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to encourage change with regard to the societal issue of racial discrimination for a number of reasons. First off, discrimination in the United States is illegal on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin thanks to the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964. It is an effective instrument for fostering social change and guaranteeing that everyone is treated equally and fairly in accordance with the law. The act creates equal rights under the law, outlaws segregation in public areas, and offers channels for people to report discrimination. Secondly, this piece of legislation addresses many facets of racial discrimination. It forbids segregation in public settings, including transportation, schools, and public accommodations, which at the time was a significant contributing factor to racial injustice. Additionally, it creates the idea of equal protection under the law, which prohibits discrimination against people based only on their race. This clause is essential to

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4 guaranteeing that people receive fair and equal treatment in all spheres of life, such as work, housing, and the ability to vote. Third, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 has contributed significantly to social change and had a huge influence on society. Since it was passed, it has played a significant role in advancing racial equality in a number of spheres of life and eliminating segregation. It has contributed to the development of a society that is more inclusive and just, where people of all races are treated with respect and dignity. Addressing prejudice and segregation based on race in general accommodations, such as lodgings, dining establishments, theaters, and other public spaces, was one of the primary goals of the Civil Rights Act. This encouraged equitable treatment as well as accessibility for all people, regardless of race, and assisted in desegregating these institutions. Addressing voting rights and getting rid of voting restrictions like poll taxes and literacy requirements— which were used to deny black voters the right to vote—was another goal. Black participation in elections and representation in government increased as a result, giving the black community more political clout and influence. Unintended consequences of the Civil Rights Act included the emergence of black power and civil rights movements, which aimed to combat not only racial discrimination but also poverty and economic inequality within the black community. Concerns like housing discrimination, employment discrimination, and limited access to healthcare and education have all seen a rise in knowledge and action as a result of these movements. The Civil Rights Act has also affected criminal justice and law enforcement since it has been used to oppose discriminatory practices and police brutality with racial motivations. In certain situations, this has heightened tensions among populations and law enforcement in addition to increasing scrutiny and accountability for law enforcement organizations.

5 References Black, C. J. (2020, September 21). Federation of American Scientists. The Civil Rights Act of 1964: An Overview. https://sgp.fas/org/crs/misc/R46534.pdf Bowdler, J., & Harris, B. (2022, July 21). Racial inequality in the United States. U.S. Department of the Treasury. https://home.treasury.gov/news/featured-stories/racial- inequality-in-the-united-states Causadias, J. M., & Korous, K. M. (2019). Racial discrimination in the United States: A national health crisis that demands a national health solution. Journal of Adolescent Health , 64 (2), 147–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.11.001 Dupree, C. H., & Boykin, C. M. (2021). Racial inequality in Academia: Systemic Origins, modern challenges, and policy recommendations. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 8 (1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732220984183

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