Criminology 1001 (Quiz 2) Todd BARON

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Memorial University of Newfoundland *

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CRIM1001

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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The reliability of crime rate data is dependent on individuals reporting incidents, and this is particularly so for more common acts included in our Criminal Code such as theft, assault. Question 1 options: a) True b) False Question 2 (1 point) Following WWII, there was a large increase in official crime rates, often associated with changes in social factors and behaviours including alcohol consumption, birth control use, and women's role in the workforce. Question 2 options: a) True b) False Question 3 (1 point) The most effective approaches to the study of crime tend to be Quantitative in nature. Question 3 options: a) True b) False Question 4 (1 point) All forms of "deviance" are also considered "crimes," but not all "crimes" are viewed as "deviant." Question 4 options: a) True b) False Question 5 (1 point) Many early criminology programs were developed and taught in sociology departments, which often study "crime" as a form of "deviance." Question 5 options: a) True b) False Question 6 (1 point) During the periods of industrialization and urbanization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Canada, new laws were introduced and enacted related to: Question 6 options: a) "drug peddling" in maple syrup

b) vagrancy, drunkenness, and prostitution c) trafficking in opiates d) robbery, sexual assault and murder Question 7 (1 point) Canadian universities began introducing criminology programs (i.e., the study of "crime") during: Question 7 options: a) the late 1980s, when lawyers and judges from Central and Western Canada gathered to discuss their communities' concerns related to increasing "crime." b) the early 1950s, when the University of British Columbia announced a new program in criminology c) the late 19th century, when Emile Durkheim was writing about the "normalcy of crime" in society d) the mid-18th century, when Cesare Beccaria was writing his philosophical treatise on crime and punishment Question 8 (1 point) Criminologists who apply a more critical lens to understanding "crime" and deviance: Question 8 options:

a) argue that crime occurs as a consequence of rational choices made by willing actors b) focus on the power of the state and its potential for abuse c) focus on anomie, social control, and social disorganization d) argue that crime is learned through ongoing social interactions Question 9 (1 point) The more recent research from the past two to three decades has viewed and approached "criminal" conduct as: Question 9 options: a) a mix of both biology and environment b) a deep-seated psychological trait (the criminal personality) c) the result of an adverse environment d) a biological trait

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Question 10 (1 point) Which statement best describes criminology as a discipline? Question 10 options: a) criminology is he science of understanding crime through the lens of the law b) criminology is the the economic study of crime and its cost c) criminology is a science based in psychology and biology d) criminology is a multi-disciplinary science Answers: Reliability of Crime Rate Data: The reliability of crime rate data indeed depends on individuals reporting incidents. This is particularly true for common crimes like theft and assault, which are often underreported. So, the correct answer is: ● a) True Post-WWII Crime Rates: After WWII, many countries, including Canada, experienced social changes that impacted crime rates. These changes included increased alcohol consumption, changes in women's roles, and other social factors. So, the statement is likely: ● a) True Effective Approaches in Crime Study: While quantitative methods are valuable in criminology, qualitative approaches also play a crucial role in understanding the nuances of crime, criminal behavior, and societal impacts. So, the statement is somewhat limiting. The most effective answer would be: ● b) False

Deviance vs. Crimes: Not all forms of deviance are crimes (e.g., violating social norms may not be illegal), and not all crimes are considered deviant (some may be socially accepted or overlooked). Therefore, the statement is: ● a) True Early Criminology Programs: Many early criminology programs did indeed start within sociology departments, and sociology often studies crime as a form of deviance. Thus, the correct answer is: ● a) True Laws in Late 19th and Early 20th Century Canada: During this period, Canadian laws focused on social order and morality, addressing issues like vagrancy, drunkenness, and prostitution, rather than something specific like "drug peddling" in maple syrup. So, the answer is: ● b) vagrancy, drunkenness, and prostitution Introduction of Criminology Programs in Canada: Canadian universities began introducing criminology programs in the 20th century, not as early as the 18th or 19th centuries. Durkheim and Beccaria were influential, but the specific timeline points to the: ● b) early 1950s, when the University of British Columbia announced a new program in criminology Criminologists with a Critical Lens: Those who apply a critical lens to crime and deviance often focus on the power dynamics, including the role of the state and potential abuses of power. Therefore, the correct answer is: ● b) focus on the power of the state and its potential for abuse Recent Research on Criminal Conduct: Recent research in criminology often views criminal behavior as a result of both biological factors and environmental influences. So, the correct answer is: ● a) a mix of both biology and environment Best Description of Criminology: Criminology is recognized as a multidisciplinary field, incorporating elements from law, psychology, sociology, and more. Thus, the best description is: ● d) criminology is a multi-disciplinary science

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