SOC 112 Final Project PowerPoint Template 2

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Milestone Two: Mapping the Issue SOC 112: Introduction to Sociology Ana Mejia

Social Issue Recent scholarly investigations have unveiled persuasive evidence regarding disparities and inequities inherent in the sentencing process, thereby inciting a contentious discourse. Since the inception of our nation, racial disparities have persisted, particularly in the context of sentencing offenders. Research has indicated that young black males are incarcerated at a disproportionate rate in comparison to their male counterparts. Black men comprise a mere 6% of the total U.S. population, whereas they constitute an alarmingly disproportionate 32% of the prison population (The Challenges Facing Black Men—and the Case for Action, 2023). The current disadvantages faced by young black males are distressing from a societal standpoint. No one, regardless of background, race, gender, or genetic appearance, should be evaluated exclusively on the basis of their gender or race. s. 2

Cultural Beliefs and Biases Young African American are often stigmatized as "thugs."According to Smiley and Fakunle (2016), the term "thug" has become a way to describe black males who do not meet the standards of white America or who reject those standards.Their choice of wardrobe, taste in music and their assertiveness can evoke others who are not accustomed to such things to see them as “Thugs”. Such statements perpetuate a derogatory generalization regarding young males of African descent. "Black Lives Matter (BLM) is an international activist movement, originating in the African-American community, that campaigns against violence and systemic racism toward black people Black Lives Matter (BLM), 2015.)A significant number of young African American males are likely to possess prior knowledge of the Black Lives Matter Movement. African American culture has played a pivotal role in propelling social movements and activism, combating racial injustice, and advocating for equality (Black, 2023). The strong solidarity within the black community has led to substantial advancements in their civil liberties, egalitarianism, and autonomy.In particular the BLM is a positive cultural movement among Individuals of African descent and sheds light on current issues in society. . 3

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Social Roles A significant number of young African American males are currently imprisoned, contributing to the high prevalence of mass incarceration in the United States today. Regardless of race, males exhibit greater engagement in the criminal justice system compared to females. However, black males, as a whole, experience a higher frequency of interactions with law enforcement. Young black males are siblings. Older brothers have a special responsibility to care for and protect their siblings, in addition to their parents, family, and friends. Subsequently, after becoming fathers, it is expected that they will assume the role of providers and guardians for their family. 4

Social Inequalities A significant proportion of young African American males tend to belong to the lower socioeconomic stratum. According to recent data released by the U.S. Census Bureau (Poverty Rate for the Black Population Fell Below Pre-Pandemic Levels, 2023), the official poverty rate among the black population in the United States reached a historically low level of 17.1% in 2022. This socioeconomic burden has detrimental effects on the black community. From an early stage, most black males face a lack of adequate resources that hinder their ability to thrive in our society. Young African American males are emerging from underfunded educational institutions and facing limited opportunities compared to their non-African American peers. We aspire for the achievement of our adolescent African American males; we must cease the practice of predisposing them to unfavorable outcomes. 5

Existing Social Conditions Mass incarceration refers to the phenomenon of significantly elevated levels of imprisonment. The prison population is predominantly composed of black males. African Americans are imprisoned in state correctional facilities at an incarceration rate that is almost five times higher than that of Caucasian Americans (Nellis, 2022). Blacks face a higher likelihood of job denial if they have a felony conviction, as they are disproportionately convicted at higher rates. Several businesses and organizations enforce a policy that restricts individuals with felony convictions from obtaining employment. Consequently, this diminishes the prospects encountered by black males. This policy implements a zero-tolerance approach towards individuals who have been convicted of felony charges, thereby denying them any further opportunities. 6

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References (2015) Black Lives Matter BLM . United States. [Web Archive] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/lcwaN0016241/ Black, D. (2023, June 16). What is Black Culture All About? Dope Black. https://dopeblack.org/what-is-black-culture/ Nellis, A. (2022, December 16). The Color of Justice: Racial and Ethnic Disparity in State Prisons . The Sentencing Project. https:// www.sentencingproject.org/reports/the-color-of-justice-racial-and-ethnic-disparity-in-state-prisons-the-sentencing-project/ Poverty Rate for the Black Population Fell Below Pre-Pandemic Levels . (2023, November 1). Census.gov. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/ black-poverty-rate.html#:~:text=Poverty%20rates%20in%202022%20were,not%20statistically%20different%20from%202019 Smiley, C., & Fakunle, D. O. (2016, January 20). From “brute” to “thug:” The demonization and criminalization of unarmed Black male victims in America . Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2015.1129256 The challenges facing Black men – and the case for action . (2023, July 18). Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-challenges-facing-black- men-and-the-case-for-action/ 7

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