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1 Abstract, References, Outline Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Instructor’s Name Course Date

2 Abstract, References, Outline Topic: Mental Illness and Crime Abstract In the framework of the criminal justice system, this study investigates the tangled connection between mental illness and criminal behavior. It draws attention to the fact that people with mental illness are subject to civil culpability regardless of their state of mind, unless proof of specific purpose is needed by law and rendered meaningless by the patient's disease. We address the socio-legal milieu that social workers face while interacting with psychiatrically ill offenders, including their responsibilities in incarceration, community reentry programs, advocacy, and policy groups. The phases of behavior change are outlined in the Transtheoretical Model, which has important practical consequences. In order to detect and reduce criminal behavior connected to mental illness, while simultaneously promoting social justice, mental health care, and culturally appropriate treatment, the authors conclude that a multidisciplinary strategy combining psychiatrists, social workers, and patient advocates is necessary. Introduction  Except in cases where the law needs explicit intent and the mental disease nullifies such intent, people with mental illness are held civilly liable for their conduct regardless of mental condition. Literature Review  After a series of deadly US assaults, psychological illnesses and criminal conduct have been studied ( Ghiasi et al., 2023) .  The criminal justice system disproportionately impacts serious mental illness.

3  Two-thirds of convicts reside in low-income countries.  Trauma research and therapy should be conducted in prisons.  Prevention and treatment should focus on protective psychological and social variables. Social Work Roles/Practice Setting  Work settings include Correctional Institutions, Community Reentry Programs, or Advocacy and Policy Organizations, all these affect the inmate at certain level ( Bonfine et al., 2020) .  Social work roles available include correcting, treatment and mentorship.  Only professionals in these work roles are required. Socio-legal Environment  Social workers are likely to engage with the subject population when they commit crime.  Environmental forces and factors to be considered by social workers include reports from those surrounding the mentally ill person ( Fogle et al., 2020) .  Victims of violent crime are more likely to be mentally unwell ( Baranyi et al., 2019) .  Mentally ill people are arrested, prosecuted, and imprisoned longer than others. Practice Implications  The Transtheoretical Model describes behavioral transformation. The model has five changing stages:  Precontemplation: People are not yet pondering change and may be reluctant.

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4  Contemplation: People begin to acknowledge the need for change and weigh the merits and drawbacks of changing.  Preparation: People are ready to act and plan for change with preparation.  Action: Changing habits, attitudes, or emotions is the action stage.  Maintenance: People try to maintain their transformation and avoid relapse during maintenance. Special issues, concerns and future directions Social workers who treat mentally ill convicts personalize treatment and counseling to each patient ( Liu et al., 2021) . Their mezzo-level work involves helping families understand mental illness and criminal justice issues and participate in treatment. Social workers promote structural reforms to increase social justice, mental health care, and culturally appropriate treatment. Conclusion  An multidisciplinary team of psychiatrists, social workers, and patient advocates must detect and minimize mental illness-related criminal conduct.

5 References Baranyi, G., Scholl, C., Fazel, S., Patel, V., Priebe, S., & Mundt, A. P. (2019). Severe mental illness and substance use disorders in prisoners in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. The Lancet Global Health , 7 (4), e461-e471. Bonfine, N., Wilson, A. B., & Munetz, M. R. (2020). Meeting the needs of justice-involved people with serious mental illness within community behavioral health systems. Psychiatric Services , 71 (4), 355-363. Fogle, B. M., Tsai, J., Mota, N., Harpaz-Rotem, I., Krystal, J. H., Southwick, S. M., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2020). The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study: a narrative review and future directions. Frontiers in psychiatry , 11 , 538218. Ghiasi, N., Azhar, Y., & Singh, J. (2023). Psychiatric illness and criminality. In StatPearls [internet] . StatPearls Publishing. Liu, H., Li, T. W., Liang, L., & Hou, W. K. (2021). Trauma exposure and mental health of prisoners and ex-prisoners: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review , 89 , 102069.

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