Judaism Exam (2)
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Judaism Exam
1.
Explain the story of Abraham and why it is significant not only for
Judaism but also for other religions?
He is vital to Jewish history as
the first
point of contact between God and the Jews. It was through Abraham that the
idea of the Promised Land, or a homeland for Jewish people, was created.
Abraham was the recipient of the first covenant with God!
Explain which
other religions and how these religions are classified because of this
shared story.
Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Islam, and of course Judaism.
Abraham is traditionally considered to be the first Jew and to have made a
covenant with God.
Because Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all recognize
Abraham as their first prophet, they are also called the
Abrahamic religions
.
2.
Use the 7-question framework for understanding religious worldviews to
compare and contrast Zoroastrianism/traditional Middle Eastern
worldview and the Jewish worldview. What are the similarities and what
are the differences?
Differences:
One of the most important differences between Jewish monotheism and
Zoroastrian monotheism is that Jews recognize the one God as the source of
both good and evil, light and darkness, while Zoroastrians, during all the
phases of their long theological history, think of God only as the source of
Good, with Evil as a separate principle.
Humans are superior to other living beings with Zoroastrianism/traditional
Middle Eastern worldview
A close relationship between humanity and the creator, and equality between
men and women. There is no human as more superior than the other living
being with just the Jewish worldview!
Similarities:
There are notable similarities in
notions of:
Sacrifice
Good works
Hospitality
Peace
Justice
Pilgrimage
An afterlife
Loving God with all one's heart and soul.
Life after death
Our existence and what happens after we die.
The disobedience within their religions.
Basic human problems like the outlook on sinning, missing the mark and the
tension with the creator.
All religions include rituals, scriptures, and sacred days and gathering
places.
Each religion gives its followers instructions for how human beings should
act toward one another.
They all come from Abraham and his sons Ishmael and Isaac.
They all share
the Old Testament.
They all believe in God.
A supreme being to worship.
Sacred texts for instructions.
A golden rule to follow for instruction on how people should relate to others.
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3.
Young describes Judaism as the way of the Torah. What is the Torah?
Hebrew for
“instruction, law;
” God’s revelation of instructions to the
Jewish people. Often used to refer to the first five books of the Hebrew
Bible.
Legal teachings that supplement the written Torah (The Hebrew
Bible), which appeared first orally among Torah teachers but were
committed to writing by the late second or early third century C.E. as the
Mishnah- (teaching, tradition, study) and grew to encompass the whole
Talmud.
Why is it significant to Judaism
?
They believe that the Torah
shows how
God wants Jews to live. The
Torah
is the basis for all
Jewish
sacred texts.
Why does Young describe Judaism as "the way of the Torah?"
The Torah
plays a big part in the lives of Jews today as
it is believed to be the word of
God. All Jews use the Torah to help guide them in their lives, but some Jews
use the Torah more strictly than others.
4.
Explain and describe the classic schools of Judaism as well as the modern
branches. What are the basic differences of each that provide to the rich
expression of the Jewish faith today?
Classic schools of Judaism and modern branches
? R
eform, Orthodox,
Conservative, and also Reconstructionism.
What are the basic differences of each that provide to the rich expression
of the Jewish faith today?
Orthodox
:
Referring to authoritative, right beliefs in a religious community.
Orthodox Jews strictly believes in Torahs, Bible and in the concepts of
Messiah, a savior that is yet to come.
Orthodox Judaism
believes in the dietary and ritual laws. “Staying kosher.”
Orthodox observance of the Sabbath requires abstention from all forms of
labor (except where health is at stake), including riding in automobiles,
lighting, or extinguishing lights, and even carrying money.
Orthodox takes the figure of Messiah literally! Reformed takes it
symbolically.
Reformed
:
In Judaism, the modern movement that stresses loyalty to the essence of
the Jewish tradition while adapting Jewish principles to changing times,
world, circumstances, and different cultures.
Reform Judaism, though reveres the writing of sages throughout the ages,
does not believe in the divinity of Torahs and other texts and does not
believe them to be infallible. Instead of the idea that the coming of Messiah
who would lead to Jews back to a restored Israel was dropped, instead
emphasis was placed instead on Jews being loyal citizens of the countries in
which they lived.
Reform Judaism has tended to focus on the ethical commandments, to the
extent that many
reform Jews believe ignoring the dietary and ritual laws is
not a violation of the will of God. “Kosher is irrelevant.”
In reform community’s individuals decide for themselves which of the
Sabbath restrictions or observances have spiritual meaning.
Reform Jews do not believe that the Torah was given to the Jewish people by
God.
Conservative
The in between of Reform and Orthodox.
Reconstructionism
Judaism must be interpreted in a modern scientific framework unlike the
others.
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5.
The creation myth found in the book of Genesis helps shape the worldview
of Judaism. What do we learn from the creation story about what it means
to be human? The nature of reality? The basic human problem and the
cause of the problem? Give examples from the story and how they shape
this worldview.
Bonus- What is the name of the nation connected to the Jewish people? What
does the name mean?
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