Module 8 Reaction Paper - L. Stewart

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Dec 6, 2023

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Module 8 Reaction Paper Lamonica Stewart PSYC 405 – Cross Cultural Psychology Dr. Robyn Mixon October 6, 2023
Schizophrenia in Zanzibar is less characterized as a disease and more characterized as a periodic condition. This is vastly different from how schizophrenia is treated in the United States. In the United States, people are described as schizophrenic, effectively solidifying it as a chronic condition that needs consistent treatment. Often, depending on the level of schizophrenic symptoms, an individual may be institutionalized or encouraged to maintain a schedule of medications for treatment. Sometimes people with schizophrenia are classified as “crazy” and are shunned by society. Those who are not encouraged to seek medical care may slip through the cracks and become homeless or even derelict. In the reading excerpt, we are introduced to a married couple, Amina and Hemed. They were of Arab descent. Amina noted at one point that Hemed enjoyed discussing politics. After he returned from political meetings he would talk incessantly about the mechanics of politics. As time progressed, he would speak of the political structures with the fear that he would be politically persecuted. His fear was way beyond the point of paranoia and soon the discussions became frenetic and included invisible persecutors. His behavior became frighteningly unprediciable. It was thought that the source of his gradual exhibition of symptoms came from genetically inherent factors that were set off by an inordinate amount of stress. The political uncertainty caused him to “slip into darkness”. He was hospitalized after attacking his great aunt during a delusion. After his hospitalization, he was recognized as an individual of unsound mind. His medical records stated that he had shallow emotions, hallucinations, aggression, a volatile temper and delusional inclinations.
As Amina dealt with Hemed’s condition, she bore two children in the marriage. The first child was a son and the second, a daughter whose name is Kimwana. Kimwana didn’t exhibit schizophrenic symptoms as a child. She remained even tempered and highly intelligent up until her entry into the workforce. A few months after beginning her new job, she had an emotional upheaval where she could not be calmed. Her family took her to the hospital where she was treated with malaria related drugs. That episode subsided and she was able to work for the next week, but the following week she became frenetic and refused to go to work. She was taken back to the hospital and calmed, but would periodically have delusional rants. She described that she heard voices in her head which morphed into auditory hallucinations. Further inspection proved that there was quite a significant amount of noise and talking in the external environment, which may have been the stressor for Kimwana’s symptoms to begin. The family possessed a high tolerance for the challenges of having two seriously mentally ill individuals in their household. Although Amina and Hamed were divorced, the family still provided care for Hamed. When responding to Kimwana, in particular, Amina was very matter-of-fact in her answers towards Kimwana’s delusional conversations. When Kimwana was well, she participated in everyday chores. When she was ill, the family encouraged her to rest and not participate in everyday chores. Even if she attempted to help, the family would gently remind her not to overdo it. Kimwana was allowed to vacillate between periods of wellness an illness without response or judgment from the family. As a result, Kimwana wasn’t motivated to consider or label herself as a mentally ill individual. Typically, in Western culture, schizophrenia is seen as a chronic condition that a person is characterized by. The approach to schizophrenia is different because the family developed and maintained what can be considered a low expressed emotional atmosphere- in other words, the family was
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aware that there are family members with mental illness but they went about their daily lives as if everything was normal. In the events that the family member had episodes, they would hospitalize them for rest and treatment and then they returned to regular life until the next episode. Their socioeconomic limitations required them to be as calm and as non-reactive as possible. McGruder was accustomed to intensely document and diagnose the behavior she was witnessing. However, she had to make a conscious decision to not analyze the family based on her Western experience, but just to observe and listen to the family members. If one of my relatives exhibited symptoms of schizophrenia, I would be very concerned and fearful. I would encourage them to seek medical treatment or take them for treatment myself. Their fragile mental state would be a source of worry for me. I don’t have experience with the types of treatment offered for schizophrenia, but I know that I would probably research to determine what the treatment is like and offer support where I could.
References Watters E. (2010). Crazy like us : the globalization of the american psyche (First Free Press hardcover). Free Press. Retrieved October 7 2023 from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx? direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=1964593 .