Cultutral Humility

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Capella University *

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7710

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Uploaded by SargentTitaniumSalamander30

1 Cultural Humility Treasure M. Jefferson Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Capella University PSY 7710: Ethics for Behavior Analysts Dr. Meredith Mates August 27th, 2023

2 Culture in Behavior Analysis A culture is a group of individuals sharing common religious or spiritual traditions, morals, and values. Skinner (1953) describes culture as contingencies “arranged by other people.” This means that factors in a group of people’s lives can impact their behaviors based on the results of punishment or reinforcement procedures. Conners & Capell (2021) discuss how Dr. Hays describes culture as learned behaviors, norms, and traditions passed down from generation to generation for groups to uphold their standards and values. For example, I am black american, and the ramifications of slavery have created an impact on how black people deal with topics like religion (the Baptist and Cogic beliefs within the church), food (soul food), authority beliefs (the views of law enforcement within the black community), and family values (the roles of fathers and the stereotypes of their abandonment; the roles of mothers within the black community). Another example of culture is sexism, a system of conventions based on the notion that women are less valuable than males. It is vital for us, as behavior analysts, to consider our clients’' culture while planning and implementing programs. For example, if you have a bilingual Hispanic child who speaks Spanish at home. Behavior analysts will be culturally conscious of this and develop programs in which the desired replies will be written in both English and Spanish to demonstrate that they know the answer to the question that they posed. Another alternative, in this case, would be to have an interpreter present in person and online if the parents primarily speak Spanish so that they are informed of the situation if any information about their child's treatments and programs is required. Another example of cultural awareness would be a Middle Eastern couple requesting a female therapist for their daughter since their family customs do not allow males to participate in private activities (i.e., changing her diaper, bathing her, etc.). The behavior analyst will

3 consider their worries about their request, and if we can make the required improvements, we will accept their desire for a female therapist. If we are unable, they will notify them but reassure them that a female therapist will do so when bringing their child to the restroom. Ensuring their clients' requirements are understood and satisfied is an important component of being a culturally aware analyst. Cultural Humility Cultural humility is a life-long practice of self-reflecting and self-evaluating one's prejudices and their influence on correcting power inequalities across various individuals, organizations, and communities (Wright, 2019). To better comprehend our clients' worldviews, we will use a culturally humble approach that will help us be conscious of our prejudices and cognizant of the surroundings and circumstances that they are living in. Conners and Capell (2021) observed that analysts who lack cultural understanding of their clientele limit the client's ability to comply with the intervention that the analysts recommended. Reflecting on how we speak with our clients to ensure that they take into account what we need to inform them, as well as ensuring that our client's family and community are considered when understanding their cultural identity, are some skills that can be used to aid in creating a culturally humble approach. Developing cultural sensitivity training in a professional context will benefit future behavioral analysts. Responding with Cultural Humility In applied behavior analysis, there is always a constant battle of theories from behavior analyst practitioners and anti-ABA advocates. When practitioners develop treatment programs for their clients, they may face pushback from their families because they have received information from others who are opposed to that treatment of the conflicts that others have faced

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4 in the past and argue their child will face the same harsh punishment that others have testified about. For example, if a child is displaying severe aggressive behaviors suggest a functional analysis, and parents adamantly reject the notion because they watched TikTok’s from anti-ABA advocates that suggest that doing FA’s are dangerous. Meaning that they do more harm to your child than help find the function of their aggression. According to one study, ABA treatment is immoral and damaging to autistic people. Some of the concerns they address are that treatment plans are used to force ASD people to fix their behaviors (e.g., stimming, no eye contact, body squeezes, etc.) to appear more neurotypical, that they base all of their functions of behavior on the four main topics (attention, escape, access to tangible, and sensory) without taking the time to get to know them or their mental environment, and that "New ABA" is just as harmful as "Old ABA" even if they take a gentler approach if the main goal of the intervention treatment is to assimilate them to the neurotypical standard (ASAN, n.d.). When attempting to become a culturally conscious behavior analyst, you should examine their perspectives on their issues. Though these statements appear brazen, some advocates have encountered unethical practitioners in the field who have altered their understanding of ABA and led them to assume that everyone in the profession is the same as the one who has imposed trauma on them. It is critical to ensure that you are taking a culturally humble approach. You want to not only self-reflect on how your views influence your client, but you also want to ensure that you are listening to your client's requests and concerns and considering their cultural background and environment. Check to see if these actions' goals are useful to them or if they will have an adverse effect. Finally, I advise my clients about my goals and why I feel they are

5 essential, as well as consider what they would want to be updated from the first proposal to ensure that they are involved in the entire process and that their voices are heard.

6 References Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN, n.d.). For whose benefit? Evidence, ethics, and effectiveness of autism interventions. h ttps://autisticadvocacy.org/policy/briefs/intervention-ethics/ Donovan, A., & Gingles, D. (Hosts). (2020-2021). Ep. 25: ABA Reform Movement with Jo Ramirez-Messina and Jeff Newman. Beautiful humans. https://anchor.fm/beautiful- humans/episodes/Ep-25-ABA-Reform-Movement-with-Jo-Ramirez-Messina-and-Jeff- Newman-Part-1-ei4en9 Donovan, A., & Gingles, D. (Hosts). (2020-2021). Ep. 26: ABA reform movement with Jo Ramirez-Messina and Jeff Newman. Beautiful humans. https://anchor.fm/beautiful- humans/episodes/Ep-26-ABA-Reform-Movement-with-Jo-Ramirez-Messina-and-Jeff- Newmanpart-2-ei4foh Conners, B. M., & Capell, S. T. (2021). Multiculturalism and diversity in applied behavior analysis: Bridging theory and application. Routledge. Kelly, A. (Host). (2021, April 25). Dr. Patricia Wright on cultural humility . Behaviorbabe. https://anchor.fm/behaviorbabe/episodes/Dr--Patricia-Wright-on-Cultural-Humility- egq034 Skinner, B.F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior . New York: Collier-Macmillan; 1953 Wright, P.I. (2019). Cultural Humility in the Practice of Applied Behavior Analysis. Behavior analysis in practice, 12 (4), 805-809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-019-00343-8

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7 Fong, E., H., Catagnus, R. M., Brodhead, M. T., Quigley, S., & Field, S. (2016). Developing the Cultural Awareness Skills of Behavior Analysts .Behavior analysis in practice, 9 (1),84- 94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-016-0111-6

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