Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Essay_Rachel Hill

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Dec 6, 2023

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TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 1 Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Assignment Rachel R. Hill School of Behavior Sciences, Liberty University Author Note Rachel Raeshun Hill I have no known conflict of interest to disclose. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Rachel Raeshun Hill. Email: rrobinson163@liberty.edu

TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 2 Abstract Childhood trauma is a pervasive issue that can significantly impact a child's development, shaping their cognitive, emotional, and social well-being. While resilience plays a crucial role in mitigating the effects of trauma, understanding the factors that contribute to developmental delays is essential for providing effective interventions. This essay explores the intricate relationship between trauma, resilience, and development in children, delving into current research findings and examining the potential role of spiritual growth in counteracting the adverse effects of trauma. Keywords : Trauma, development, spirituality, resilience

TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 3 Trauma, Development, and Spirituality Essay Trauma and Development Children exposed to traumatic life events are at significant risk for developing severe and long-lasting problems across multiple areas of development (Bartlett & Steber, 2019). Bartlett and Steber, 2019 stated in the article How to Implement Trauma-informed Care to Build Resilience to Childhood Trauma, "Childhood trauma occurs when a child experiences an actual or threatened negative event, series of events, or set of circumstances that cause emotional pain and overwhelm the child's ability to cope." Childhood trauma encompasses a range of adverse experiences, including abuse, neglect, and exposure to violence. The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to the effects of trauma, as it can disrupt the formation of neural connections and influence the child's ability to regulate emotions. Wong et al., 2021 states that developmental delays could cause communication skills or delays with gross motor skills. Research suggests that trauma can lead to developmental delays, impacting areas such as language acquisition, cognitive processing, and social skills (Gregorowski & Seedat, 2013). The severity and duration of trauma, as well as the availability of supportive relationships, play pivotal roles in determining the extent of these developmental challenges. Several factors contribute to developmental delays in children exposed to trauma. Lack of consistent, nurturing caregiving is a significant predictor, as secure attachments provide a foundation for healthy socio-emotional development. Additionally, the absence of a supportive community and the perpetuation of trauma within the family or community context can exacerbate developmental challenges. The research underscores the importance of early intervention and targeted support to address these determining factors and foster optimal development in traumatized children (Wong et al., 2021).

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TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 4 Resilience as a Protective Factor Resilience, defined as the ability to bounce back from adversity, emerges as a crucial protective factor against the negative consequences of trauma. It is also defined as "a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation within the context of significant adversity (Bartlett & Steber, 2019). Resilient children demonstrate adaptability, emotional regulation, and a capacity to form positive relationships despite challenging circumstances. Research has identified various factors contributing to resilience, including a secure attachment to caregivers, a supportive social network, and individual coping skills. Understanding these factors can inform interventions aimed at promoting stability and mitigating the impact of trauma on developmental outcomes. Recent studies have explored the relationship between trauma, resilience, and spiritual development, acknowledging the potential role of spirituality in buffering the effects of trauma. Some research suggests that spiritual practices, such as mindfulness and prayer, can contribute to emotional regulation and resilience. Despite the extensive efforts of many theorists and researchers over the past few decades to develop satisfactory definitions of religiousness and spirituality, such definitions still need to be discovered (Park et al., 2017). Spirituality may offer a framework for finding meaning in adversity, fostering a sense of purpose and connection that aids in overcoming traumatic experiences. However, perspectives on the role of spirituality in trauma recovery vary, and more research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms through which spiritual development influences resilience in the face of trauma. During the developmental phases of childhood, incorporating a Biblical Worldview teaches children that although the challenges they experience are real, God is even more real. Spirituality lays the foundation to handle whatever temporary adversity will be faced as they matriculate through life. 2 Corinthians 4:17-18 says: 17 For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, worketh for us a far more

TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 5 exceeding and eternal weight of glory; 18 While we look not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen: for the things which are seen are temporal; but the things which are not seen are eternal. This scriptural reference gives hope that no matter what someone has faced or is facing, such as healing from trauma, it is momentary, and God will be glorified as He uses the situation for good. Critical Analysis While the emerging research on trauma, resilience, and spiritual development is promising, it is essential to approach these findings with a critical lens. The intersection of spirituality and trauma is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, and individual differences must be considered. Cultural and contextual factors may influence the relevance and effectiveness of spiritual interventions. Additionally, researchers should carefully examine ethical considerations regarding integrating spiritual elements in therapeutic approaches to ensure inclusivity and respect for diverse belief systems. Conclusion In conclusion, childhood trauma has profound implications for development, often leading to delays in cognitive, emotional, and social domains. Resilience emerges as a critical protective factor, mitigating the impact of trauma and promoting positive outcomes. The role of spiritual development in countering the effects of trauma is an intriguing avenue for further exploration. However, researchers and practitioners must approach this topic with sensitivity and cultural awareness. As we continue to unravel the complexities of trauma, resilience, and

TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 6 spiritual development, collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, and communities are essential to inform effective interventions and support systems for traumatized children.

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TRAUMA & DEVELOPMENT 7 References Bartlett, J. D., & Steber, K. Child Trends Blog. (2019). How to implement trauma-informed care to build resilience to childhood trauma. Retrieved from: https://www.childtrends.org/publications/how-to-implement-trauma-informed-care- tobuild-resilience-to-childhood-trauma Bible gateway passage: 2 Corinthians 4:17-18 - King James version. Bible Gateway. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/? search=2+Corinthians+4%3A17-18&version=KJV Gregorowski C, Seedat S. Addressing childhood trauma in a developmental context. J Child Adolescent Ment Health. 2013 Oct;25(2):105-118. doi: 10.2989/17280583.2013.795154. PMID: 25104963; PMCID: PMC4104825. Park, C. L., Currier, J. M., Harris, J. I., & Slattery, J. M. (2017). Trauma, Meaning, and Spirituality: Translating Research Into Clinical Practice . The intersection of religion/ spirituality and trauma. https://www.apa.org/pubs/books/Trauma-Meaning-Spirituality- Ch-1-Sample.pdf Wong, D. W., Hall, K. R., Justice, C. A., & Wong Hernandez, L. (2021). Counseling individuals through the lifespan. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

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