Quiz- Assessing Trauma

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Liberty University *

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Quiz- Assessing Trauma Score for this quiz: 97.5 out of 100 Question 1 2.5 / 2.5 pts The most frequently used indices of emotional arousal in psychophysiological studies of PTSD have been measures of ______________________ activity. neurocortical peripheral autonomic transdermal exposure All the above Question 2 2.5 / 2.5 pts The use of ______________ stimuli to assess psychophysiological reactivity allows maximal control over the selection and presentation of the stimuli. multifaceted autonomic peripheral standardized Question 3 2.5 / 2.5 pts Recording muscle activity through small surface electrodes placed over the muscles of interest is called: Electromyography Electroencephalography Electrodermal Electrocortical Question 4 2.5 / 2.5 pts

Research using psychophysiological measures has examined the possibility that PTSD is characterized by persistently elevated levels of _________________. autonomic arousal cortisol adrenaline serotonin Question 5 2.5 / 2.5 pts Theoretically, the critical element in physiological response to trauma-related cues is activation of the __________________ in which a traumatic event is encoded. biological framework psychological cures memory network None of the above Question 6 2.5 / 2.5 pts Heart rate and blood pressure are the most commonly used ___________ measures. autonomic nervous system neurologic cardiovascular All the above Question 7 2.5 / 2.5 pts It is important to recognize that the PTSD diagnosis is presently based on _________________ information that is not necessarily comparable to information recorded directly from physiological systems. historical

subjective neurological autonomic controls Question 8 2.5 / 2.5 pts ________________ activity is perhaps the most widely studied response system. Bowel Intestine Neural Sweat gland Question 9 2.5 / 2.5 pts An important feature of the __________________ method is its flexibility script-driven imagery rational emotive acupressure hypnosis Question 10 2.5 / 2.5 pts Exaggerated ________________ responding has been recognized as a core subjective symptom of posttrauma reactions since the earliest descriptions of combat soldiers suffering adverse effects of exposure to the stress of combat. verbal startle blood pressure memories of the event

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Question 11 2.5 / 2.5 pts When specific studies of brain-based factors cannot be used as a guide to assessment or treatment planning, consulting _________________ can often be helpful. the DSM a manual general models a professional Question 12 2.5 / 2.5 pts Perhaps the most salient confound in the examination of the relationship between PTSD and neuropsychological deficits among combat veterans is the issue of ______________ . poor training in boot camp comorbidity poor medical histories lack of education Question 13 2.5 / 2.5 pts The increased in understanding how ___________ functioning relates to PTSD is a natural progression in the growth of the comparatively young literature on mechanisms of trauma- related disorders. body brain heart nervous system Question 14 2.5 / 2.5 pts

During the past decade, empirical studies increasingly focused on examining _________________ correlates of clinical symptoms from a broader range of psychiatric conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder. brain-based autonomic stress reactions visual acuity All the above Question 15 2.5 / 2.5 pts Chronic ________________________ can also produce damage to multiple brain regions involved in the regulation of behavior, cognition, and emotion. exercise studying alcohol abuse media watching Question 16 2.5 / 2.5 pts Learning disabilities and attention-deficit disorder (ADD) are ___________________ conditions found in adults and children. developmental memory-deficit nervous None of the above Question 17 2.5 / 2.5 pts _____________________ exposure can occur during military combat, industrial accidents, environmental accidents, suicide attempts, and intentional or accidental poisoning. Accidental

Neurotoxic Direct Peripheral Question 18 2.5 / 2.5 pts Although commonly co-occur [together], the comorbid effects of PTSD and ________________ are generally underevaluated by traumatologists and neuropsychologists. traumatic head injury substance abuse schizophrenia personality disorders Question 19 2.5 / 2.5 pts Even though our understanding of the neuropsychological factors in trauma contexts is evolving, _______________ formulations can now be developed using existing knowledge about the individual trauma and neuropsychological conditions. basic emotive complex rationally-based Question 20 2.5 / 2.5 pts _______________ can be defined as an acquired, persistent impairment of intellectual functioning with a compromise in at least three of the following spheres f mental activity: language, memory and visuospatial skills, emotion or personality, and higher cognitive abilities. ADHD Acute stress

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PTSD Dementia Question 21 2.5 / 2.5 pts Instead of hippocampal atrophy, the children and adolescents with PTSD were found to have ______________ intracranial and cerebral volumes than normal controls. the same larger smaller indeterminate Question 22 2.5 / 2.5 pts __________________ is associated with increased stress reactivity, decreased exploratory behavior in novel environments, decreased water consumption, and increased ethanol consumption in adult rats. Maternal separation Depression Anxiety None of the above Question 23 2.5 / 2.5 pts Two studies have been conducted that compare resting regional ___________ in individuals with PTSD and normal controls. nervous disorder blood flow

memory encoding gripping ability Question 24 2.5 / 2.5 pts The __________________ regions appear to be critical in restraining the acute stress response and facilitating negative feedback inhibition of the stress system. amygdala prefrontal cortex anterior cingulate cuneus Question 25 2.5 / 2.5 pts In an fMRI task using photographic images of fearful, happy, and neutral facial expressions, the results suggested that individuals with PTSD have exaggerated autonomic responses within the ______________ to threat or negative-emotions-related stimuli. hippocampus neocortex middle temporal gyrus amygdala IncorrectQuestion 26 0 / 2.5 pts In one of the most comprehensive research actions utilizing the functional neuroimaging (fNMI) approach in12 studies, the best replicated finding was increased activation in the motor cortex,

with this finding detected in 1/3rd of all studies and likely suggestive of ______________ in response to traumatic stimuli exposure. rapid breathing hand clenching increased sweating- incorrect answer! none of the above Wilson & Keane p. 398 Question 27 2.5 / 2.5 pts In two studies using PET to study working memory, the reduction in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation suggest a decreased dependence on __________________ in monitoring and manipulating working memory content in individuals with PTSD. the thalamus hippocampal activity executive function all the above Question 28 2.5 / 2.5 pts Reduced __________________ volume has been reported in 7 of the 11 structural neuroimaging studies of adults with PTSD and in none of the 4 structural neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents. cardiovascular heart

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memory hippocampal Question 29 2.5 / 2.5 pts Studies in animals suggest that _______________ plays a critical role in the acquisition and elaboration of fear conditioning. the amygdala Broca’s area the occipital lobe childhood Question 30 2.5 / 2.5 pts The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder is estimated to be between 8% and 9%, with rates of PTSD approximately twice as high in ____________________. females children males combat veterans Question 31 2.5 / 2.5 pts _________________ assessment of children includes collecting information from multiple sources and in multiple contexts. Limited Focused Comprehensive None of the above Question 32

2.5 / 2.5 pts In the past two decades, a number of instruments and subscales have been developed and revised to reflect a growing knowledge of ______________ posttraumatic reactions. children’s bipolar client’s animal’s All the above Question 33 2.5 / 2.5 pts _______________ children directly may be most effective after the physical needs are met and a sense of safety is restored and when the interviewer is appropriately knowledgeable and deemed caring and trustworthy by the children. Observing Examining Interviewing Audio recording Question 34 2.5 / 2.5 pts Prior to 1980, the assessment of childhood traumatic response was accomplished primarily through ________________. case management clinical case examination social histories second-hand recounting of the trauma Question 35 2.5 / 2.5 pts Children’s ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds have been relatively ____________ in relation to traumatic reactions.

understudied overrepresented pronounced surprising Question 36 2.5 / 2.5 pts According to the reading, understanding childhood traumatic reactions has been limited or confused by five things. Which item below is NOT one of the five? the need to identify the changing nature of symptoms over time the lack of detailed information about children prior to their traumatic experiences unidentified mediating variables Symptom ratings and interview answers Question 37 2.5 / 2.5 pts In assessing symptoms endorsed by children, it is important to be cognizant of ______________ issues. personal developmental biological environmental Question 38 2.5 / 2.5 pts In order to fully and accurately understand symptom endorsement and scale scores, it is essential to examine the appropriate ___________ that may contribute to specific posttraumatic reactions. variables consequences

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relationships neuropsychology Question 39 2.5 / 2.5 pts Findings regarding children’s [trauma] reactions have sometimes been ______________. revealing contradictory fairly clear eye-opening Question 40 2.5 / 2.5 pts Researchers continue to debate the nature of _____________ traumatic response and the applicability of DSM criteria A—D. adult individual a family’s childhood Quiz Score: 97.5 out of 100

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