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Oct 30, 2023

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Word count: 599 Rutjens et. Al (2021) explores a few concepts: the reasoning behind COVID-19 related skepticism, related domains that also experience skepticism, as well as why they are targets for skeptics. Wagenmakers et. Al (2018) argues that preregistration is a concept that is centuries in the making and should be implemented in today’s scientific world. A common theme found in btohs of these readings would be the concept of skepticism. In Wagenmakers et. Al (2018), the idea of preregistration has been met by skepticism within the scientific community, with plenty of points in favour of leaving preregistration out of the community. The skepticism is also found more explicity in Rutjens et. Al (2021), as they explore why science skepticism exists, not only in regard to COVID-19, but other domains as well. COVID-19 skepticism is something that can be predicted in an ethically sound way. COVID-19 skeptics typically share traits with other domain skeptics, such as global warming (Wagenmakers et. Al, 2018). Profiling, rather than stereotyping, allows for generalization without calling into any morality arguments. For example, both typical skeptics belong to the political right as they perceive both domains to be infringing on their individual freedoms (Wagenmakers et. Al, 2018). One may argue that this would be perceived as following social stereotypes, and labelling people as groups rather as individuals. This however could not be considered stereotyping as it is based off of data collected from other research, not simply generalizing a region from a single person. As skepticism can be somewhat measured using previous indicators from other domains so long as they share similar factors, it is useful as a way of predicting who COVID-19 skeptics will be and why. Preregistration would be beneficial for the scientific research community. This would eliminate research that adjusts its initial theory to fit the results and would rid researchers of any related bias (Rutjens et. Al, 2021). Furthermore, preregistration would allow researchers, who as human beings are predisposed to biases and prejudices that may leak into their research, to explicitly outline their plans for their projects to contain the same purpose throughout the experiment (Rutjens, et. Al, 2021). Some may argue that it would restrict creativity in research, and force researchers to stay in fields where information is previously known as to not conduct an experiment based on an incorrect preregistered hypothesis (Rutjens et. Al, 2021). However, this goes against the concept of science and its advancement all together, as researchers typically want to explore the unknown. Preregistration allows controlled advancement of the scientific world, as well as keeping creativity and new thoughts at the forefront. Skepticism is a positive component of life, no matter what the situation. Skepticism allows individuals to think critically about any situation or predicament, and forces said individual to carefully consider all potential actions and their consequences. For example, skepticism within the idea of bringing preregistration to scientific procedure allows researchers to critically think as to what they believe will have a better impact on their field. A counter to skepticism would be that it also could potentially bring forth many negative emotions, such as fear and anxiety, dependant on the situation that the individual is in. However, these emotions are a part of our mind for a reason and force us to think critically in order to get rid of such feelings. In addition to this, the benefits that are reaped by skepticism far outweigh any
potential negative emotions, should they even arise. Skepticism is not only a natural part of thinking and cognition but is beneficial and serves a purpose when it comes to critical thinking. References Rutjens, B. T., van der Linden, S., & van der Lee, R. (2021). Science skepticism in times of COVID- 19. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , 24 (2), 276–283. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430220981415 Wagenmakers, E.-J., Dutilh, G., & Sarafoglou, A. (2018). The Creativity-Verification Cycle in psychological science: New methods to combat old idols. Perspectives on Psychological Science , 13 (4), 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691618771357
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