_Introduction to Psychological Sciences Quiz

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Spelman College *

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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1. Which of the following best describes the goals of psychology? a) To diagnose and treat mental illness b) To understand and explain behavior and mental processes c) To control and manipulate behavior d) To prescribe medication for psychological disorders 2. Who is often considered the founder of modern psychology? a) Sigmund Freud b) William James c) Wilhelm Wundt d) B.F. Skinner 3. The study of how biological processes relate to behavior and mental processes is known as: a) Cognitive psychology b) Developmental psychology c) Psychobiology d) Social psychology 4. Which research method involves observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulating variables? a) Case study b) Experimental study c) Correlational study d) Naturalistic observation 5. A psychologist is interested in studying the effects of parental involvement on academic achievement. Which research method would be most appropriate for this study? a) Survey b) Experiment c) Case study d) Correlational study 6. Which of the following best describes the nature-nurture debate in psychology? a) The debate over whether behavior is determined by genetics or the environment b) The debate over the influence of parents versus peers on behavior c) The debate over the role of conscious versus unconscious processes in behavior d) The debate over the validity of psychological tests 7. What is the primary focus of social psychology? a) The study of abnormal behavior and psychological disorders b) The study of individual differences in behavior and personality c) The study of how people influence one another's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors d) The study of the structure and function of the brain and nervous system

8. Which of the following best describes the placebo effect? a) The tendency for research participants to behave in ways that they believe are expected of them b) The tendency for experimental groups to outperform control groups due to random chance c) The tendency for research participants to report feeling better after receiving a treatment that has no therapeutic effect d) The tendency for researchers to unintentionally influence the behavior of research participants 9. Is the purpose of informed consent in psychological research? a) To ensure that research participants are informed of the study's purpose and procedures before agreeing to participate b) To protect research participants from physical or psychological harm c) To ensure that research findings can be generalized to the broader population d) To prevent researcher bias and experimenter effects 10. Which of the following is NOT a major perspective in psychology? a) Psychodynamic perspective b) Evolutionary perspective c) Behavioral perspective d) Spiritual perspective

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