CNL-500 Freud's Person Centered Therapy Concepts and Counselor Qualities (Luis Pedroza) 1.9.24

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Person Centered Therapy: Concepts and Counselor Qualities Grand Canyon University CNL-500 Dr. Julie Lerwick January 10, 2024

2 Introduction Person-centered (PC) therapy also known as client centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers over a 40-year span (Murdock, 2017). The theory behind PC is that if a person is provided a supportive environment, they will likely be good (Murdock, 2017). PC therapy is driven by the client and the therapeutic model considers the client and therapist partners in the process (Cherry, 2023). In the person-centered approach clients are considered the experts in their own lives and focuses on their strengths which can ultimately guide them to reaching their full potential (Cherry, 2023). Along with being strengths focused PC therapy aims to improve self-concept which results in a client having a positive view of themselves (Cherry, 2023). Person-centered therapy utilizes three concepts which will be discussed in this analysis. The three concepts are genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathy (Cherry, 2023). These concepts are principles that are also outlined in the American Counseling Association code of ethics. Person-centered therapy is utilized by therapist for individuals who have a variety of presenting issues, and the approach can be implement in a group or individual setting. Person Centered Counseling Effectiveness Mental health professionals who utilize the person-centered approach attempt to create a safe environment for the client which can bring upon necessary change. This therapeutic model can be very effective with clients who present a variety of issues due to the emphasis on making the process non-judgmental, empathetic, and conformable (Cherry, 2023). Person- centered therapy can help individuals who are battling with conditions such as dementia, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder (Cherry, 2023). Person- centered therapy is effective across many presenting issues due to its three concepts of genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding (Cherry, 2023). If

3 these three concepts are achieved in the therapeutic relationship studies have shown that clients are more likely to report positive outcomes (Psychology Today, 2022). These concepts can lead to a client feeling understood which then correlates with better understanding in other areas of their lives (Psychology Today, 2023). Genuineness The first concept that allows person centered therapy to be so effective is genuineness also known as congruence, transparence, and realness (Murdock, 2017). This concept refers to a counselor’s awareness within the therapeutic session (Murdock, 2017). This concept promotes a therapist being themselves in the therapeutic relationship instead of creating a professional divide between client and therapist. Modeling genuineness for a client can help them understand how internal experiences such as emotions and thoughts can affect external experiences (Cherry, 2023). If a client feels that a therapist is being themselves and is being honest, they are more likely to be vulnerable to embrace the necessary change that will help them achieve their therapeutic goals. Empathy The second concept of person-centered therapy is empathetic understanding which is usually defined as the ability for someone to place themselves in someone else’s position (Frankel, 2017). Empathy is defined as the action of understanding, being sensitive to, being aware, and to vicariously experience the emotions and thoughts of another person’s experiences (ASCA, 2022). In the PC model a therapist attempts to understand a client’s point of view while staying sensitive to the client’s respective experience (Cherry, 2023). The goal of empathetic understanding is to build rapport in the therapeutic relationship. Establishing a healthy therapeutic relationship is key for a client to be able to reflect on their inner thoughts and emotions which can create positive change (Cherry, 2023). Empathic understanding encourages a therapist to accept a client’s thoughts and feelings which helps a

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4 client reshape their ideas of experiences they share (Psychology Today, 2023). A therapist can validate a client’s experience and emotions by showing empathy but should also hold the client accountable in their behaviors. It is crucial for a therapist to find a balance of empathy and accountability in the therapeutic relationship. A therapist can outline behaviors and the consequences of those behaviors while being understanding of how the client arrived at those decisions. Demonstrating empathy will allow a client to be more receptive in working on their problems. Unconditional Positive Regard The third concept within the person-centered therapy approach is unconditional positive regard where a counselor approaches a client with complete acceptance and caring (Murdock, 2017). A therapist demonstrates unconditional positive regard by always accepting you for who you are and showing you support regardless of the obstacles or experiences in place (Cherry, 2023). Reassurance takes place in this concept and certain techniques are utilized by the therapist to demonstrate it. Through this technique a therapist can share positive feelings, practice active listening, demonstrate responsive eye contact, and show positive body language during therapeutic sessions (Cherry, 2023). This concept helps establish a healthy and safe therapeutic relationship. Unconditional positive regard allows a therapist to nurture the individual’s growth. This concept is an important part of therapy as it promotes honesty, and it builds trust in the relationship (Cherry, 2023). Person Centered Therapy Qualities The three qualities or concepts in person centered therapy can be found in some key principles within the American Counseling Association code of ethics. The PC therapeutic approach promotes a healthy therapeutic relationship and states that it is essential to achieve a client’s goals. The first section of the code of ethics talks about the counseling relationship and how a counselor must respect the dignity of all clients (ACA, 2014). A counselor must facilitate

5 growth and development for clients while promoting healthy relationships (ACA, 2014). The concept of empathy can also be found in the ACA code of ethics as it states that counselors must be aware of imposing their own values and must be respectful of client’s diversity. The third concept of unconditional positive regard can be found in the ACA code of ethics via beneficence which is to work for the good of the individual. Promoting well-being for a client correlates with unconditional positive regard as you are demonstrating care for the individual. Conclusion Person centered therapy can be an affective therapeutic approach for individuals who present various challenges. The goal of PC is to ease a client’s journey in reaching their full potential (Murdock, 2017). Utilizing the concepts of unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuine understanding can lead to a strong therapeutical relationship that will lead to positive outcomes. Successful PC counseling should result in eliminating conditions of worth (Murdock, 2017). References American Counseling Association. (2014). Code of Ethics Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf American School Counselor Association (ASCA, 2022). ASCA Ethical Standards for School Counselors. Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.schoolcounselor.org/getmedia/44f30280-ffe8-4b41-9ad8- f15909c3d164/EthicalStandards.pdf Cherry, K. (2023). How Client Centered Therapy Works. Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.verywellmind.com/client-centered-therapy-2795999 Cherry, K. (2023). Unconditional Positive Regard in Psychology. Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-unconditional-positive-regard-2796005\

6 Frankel, R. M., (2017). Empathy in the Clinician-Patient Relationship. Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513642/ doi: 10.1177/2374373517699271 Murdock, N. L. (2017). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy (4th ed.). Pearson Education. Psychology Today (2022). Person Centered Therapy. Retrieved on January 10, 2024 from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapy-types/person-centered- therapy#:~:text=Unconditional%20positive%20regard%2C%20which %20means,(better)%20decisions%20and%20choices.

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