PSC7101 Week 9 Application Analysis Evidence-based best practice

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1 Week 9 Application Analysis: Evidence-based Best Practice Mario Buonopane College of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Wilmington University PSC7101 Human Development & Prevention Science Dr. Kecia L. Watson, Ph.D., M.S, CFLE, CPC October 27, 2023

2 #NotAloneDe, School-based Mental Health Program Indian River School District employs a prevention and early intervention adolescent substance abuse and mental health care program in coordination with SAMHSA, The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (988, n.d.) With aid from the Department of Services for Children, Youth, and their Families, DSCYF, Indian River embarks on a mission of mental health and suicide prevention through the #NotAloneDe initiative. (DSCYF, 2019) Target of intervention: at risk students The approach is three-tiered and therefore multi-targeted. Firstly, the school uses a blanket universal target approach to assess mental health in every student. Once a week, all year long, during an advisory period, students engage in “Social Emotional Learning,” SEL, which is a prevention aimed at keeping kids mentally healthy and building ideal inclusive environments conducive for learning. Social and emotional health and well-being consists of positive youth development, health promotion, mental health promotion, and primary prevention. (Das et al., 2016) Also, in the beginning of the school year, surveys are distributed to every student. Students answer the mental health, bullying, and suicide screening questions so administrators can assess students who may already be at risk. This survey is repeated in the middle and end of the school year. Students who appear at risk are then interviewed by the mental health staff at the schools and administered a more vigorous battery of screening. Most students who are at risk talk weekly with a mental health counselor who may or may not additionally randomly call on them for check-ups. Targeted group-based interventions and cognitive behavioral therapy are

3 effective in reducing depressive symptoms, according to evidence collected from school-based interventions. (Das et al., 2016) Students who show signs of suicide or severe mental health could be admitted to local hospitals for psychiatric treatment or other interventions. Purpose of intervention: suicide prevention Indian River School District, in Southern and Central Sussex County, Delaware, invests heavily in anti-bullying crusades and mental health and alcohol and substance abuse campaigns, all of which could culminate in student suicide. Their website emphasizes a host of easily accessible “Bullying and Suicide Prevention Resources,” offering services to at-risk students. For example, Indian River suggests The Jason Foundation, an organization with multiple intervention methods, to some kids who may consider suicide. (Jason, 2022) Method of Intervention Nearly every avenue of prevention is social and emotional learning. Also, positive psychology interventions, mindfulness interventions, positive youth interventions, and mental health literacy have all proven effective methods of suicide prevention in adolescents. (Adolescent, 2021) Outcomes To date, every student in Indian River School District receives SEL curriculum and has access to mental health and alcohol and substance abuse counseling. Behavior Support Services

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4 Indian River School District uses a multi-targeted and targeted of behavior support services. MTSS, or Multi-Targeted Support Services, is a proactive and preventative framework that “ integrates data and instruction to maximize student achievement and support students social, emotional, and behavior needs from a strengths-based perspective,” (Essential, n.d.). Purpose of Intervention The purpose for MTSS Behavioral Intervention is to identify behavioral issues in students that may affect academics, classroom environment, or other aspects of education. MTSS interventions “organize classroom supports for preventing, teaching, and responding to students’ social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB),” (Simonsen et al., 2021), and those interventions scaffold success, ultimately, in the classroom. Method of Intervention Methods in tier one intervention describe differentiation of delivery of material and providing support, as needed, when at-risk individuals begin to stray off task or sho signs of misbehavior. Tier two intervention recommends periodic one-on-one intervention and a multitude of small-group activities modeling “social skills instruction.” (Simonsen et al., 2021) Tier three intervention is an intensive, individualized implementation of modelling, persistent Social-Emotional and Behavioral support, and comprehensive behavioral therapy, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, utilizing replacement behaviors and alternate thinking patterns. (Gorman, 2023) Outcomes Desired outcomes for students receiving MTSS Behavioral Intervention practices is model classroom behavioral leading to desired academic successes. Visible successes should be

5 accompanied by reassessment of students’ needs. “For individual students, decide to maintain or modify support,” Gorman, 2023). Practitioners should collectively decide periodically to add, reduce, or maintain interventions in support of students’ behavioral needs during the course of intervention. Ultimately, scaffolding and supports will be removed as students summarily need fewer and fewer as a result of replacement behaviors, classroom behaviors improve.

6 References: 988 suicide & crisis lifeline . SAMHSA. (n.d.-a). https://samhsa.gov/find-help/988 Adolescent mental health: A systematic review on the effectiveness of school-based interventions . Early Intervention Foundation. (2021, July 23). https://www.eif.org.uk/report/adolescent- mental-health-a-systematic-review-on-the-effectiveness-of-school-based- interventions#:~:text=Promotion%3A%20Interventions%20to%20enhance%20mental,and %20mental%20health%20literacy%20interventions. Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., Lassi, Z. S., Khan, M. N., Mahmood, W., Patel, V., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2016, October). Interventions for adolescent mental health: An overview of Systematic Reviews . The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5026677/ DSCYF - State of Delaware. (2019, May 30). https://kids.delaware.gov/ Essential components of MTSS . Center on Multi-Tiered Systems of Support. (n.d.). https://mtss4success.org/essential-components#:~:text=A%20multi%2Dtiered%20system %20of,from%20a%20strengths%2Dbased%20perspective. Gorman, J. (2023, June 26). Steps of CBT: Los Angeles . Launch Centers. https://launchcenters.com/cbt-stages-of-therapy/ Jason Foundation . The Jason Foundation, Inc. (2022, December 22). https://jasonfoundation.com/

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7 Simonsen, B., Robbie, K., Meyer, K., Freeman, J., Everett, S., & Feinberg A. (November, 2021). Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) in the Classroom. Center on PBIS, University of Oregon. www.pbis.org.

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