What is the meaning of a word or phrase

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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What is the meaning of a word or phrase? When looking at the perspective from the field of Applied Behavior Analysis, Moore (2015) states that words are an operant behavior and that it is reinforced by the actions of others. Skinner (1974) discussed the difference between “language” and “verbal behavior” and how a child acquires language and verbal behavior is a behavior. Each person who learns to speak may learn different phases depending on their verbal community. For example, I grew up on the East Coast where when you want to turn off the lights you just say, “Turn off the lights.” Where I currently live, in Tennessee, everyone says “Cut off the light”. Each of these sayings means the same thing. They both were reinforced by someone else turning off the lights. Skinner (1976) further states that a speaker can also become their own audience. This implies that environmental support is not always required. When I am home alone, I often talk to myself as I go about my chores, encouraging myself to stay on task and when I finish, I sometimes congratulate myself on doing such a good job. I am giving myself positive reinforcement in completing tasks that I do not enjoy. When working in an ABA clinic I work with children who are non-verbal. They have not acquired language through the typical relationships of listening to their verbal community. This is where Precision Teaching (PT) can be beneficial in teaching words and phrases. Precision Teaching (PT) is “ adjusting the curricula for each learner to maximize the learning shown on the learner's personal standard celeration chart.” (Lindsley, 1991). This is based on Skinner’s Theory of Operant Conditioning in that it provides learners with positive reinforcement for targeted behaviors by representing their progress on the Standard Celeration Chart (Mannion, 2022). Autistic children have distinctive learning requirements and a lack of fluency in skill demonstration. When using PT, teachers and therapists can assess progress through measurable and observable behaviors (Mannion, 2022). The instructors can ensure that their methods of teaching language to the child are effective and if the chart does not show progress, they can change the methods to maximize does work for the learner.

Reference: Mannion, L. (2022). The use of Precision Teaching as an intervention for improving the skill acquisition of children with autism. Educational Psychology in Practice , 38 (1), 57–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2022.2033956 Moore, J. (2015). From a behavioral point of view: A psychological primer. Hudson, NY: Sloan Publishing. Lindsley, O. R. (1991). Precision Teaching’s Unique Legacy from B. F. Skinner. Journal of Behavioral Education , 1 (2), 253–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00957007 Skinner, B. F. (1976) About Behaviorism. Vintage. New York.

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