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Learning During the School Years Selina A. Vincent Rowan Cabarrus Community College Developmental Psychology-241-802N-2023FA Candice Mills 23 October 2023

Vincent 2 Learning During the School Years Middle childhood, which includes the ages of 6 to 12, is an important phase in a child's development during which major changes take place in their cognitive, emotional, social, and physical aspects. It is an amazing time of exploration and growth, with its own set of obstacles and developmental milestones. Knowledge of middle childhood and the developmental psychology concepts that support it is crucial for teachers, parents, and other professionals who work with children in this age range. This information gives us important new perspectives on how children's needs, functions, and experiences change during these crucial stages. We are going to look at the complexities of this important development period in the study of middle childhood and developmental psychology, looking at the social, emotional, and cognitive aspects that influence a child's growth and offering insights on how this knowledge can be used to support children's growth and learning experiences. Concrete Operational Thought During Middle Childhood The concept of operational thought is Piaget’s term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions (Berger, 2022, p.211). Some ways children progress through this stage are that regular children start to focus on appearance, which prevents them from grasping conservation, but concrete operational children understand it (Berger, 2022, p.211). Another way is through Classification, which is organizing things into groups, such as family, parents, siblings, etc. Seriation is another way, which is that things can be arranged in a logical series such as the number sequence or the alphabet (Berger, 2022, p.211). It also allows children to understand math, where Conservation, Classification, Seriation, and Reversibility all come into play. Children build on these skills through an educational system during Middle Childhood (Berger, 2022, p.211). The educational system is based on rote memorization rendered the children “helpless in the face of any sensible attempt to apply any of this ac quired

Vincent 3 knowledge" (Berger, 2022, p.211). Children build on these skills by depending on parents, teachers and the social context to scaffold and mentor them. How every experience from birth going forward, such as household chores, Screen Time, family, dinners, etc. instructs a child. The Hidden Curriculum The curriculum is the unofficial, unstated, or implicit patterns within a school that influence what children learn (Berger, 2022, p.218). Three aspects that could be considered part of the hidden curriculum are teacher background, organization of the play space and tracking (Berger, 2022, p.218). These aspects could impact a child's learning, and this is how. For teacher background, if their gender, ethnicity, or economic background is unlike the students, some children may conclude that the education is irrelevant (Berger, 2022, p.219). Next, would the Organization of Play Space. Berger states some schools have spacious classrooms, wide hallways in large grassy playgrounds but others have cramped, poorly equipped classrooms, and cement play yards (Berger, 2022, p.219). What she means by this is that the difference in a school environment can take a toll on children whether they are happy or feel safe in school. Lastly, tracking this instructs children far beyond the formal published curriculum that lists what is taught in each grade (Berger, 2022, p.219). Structuring Your Own Classroom and Teaching If I were a classroom teacher working with students coming from diverse backgrounds. I was structuring my classroom and teaching to ensure the students feel included in can learn by making sure to spend extra time with them. Ensuring that they feel safe, but lonely is my top priority. Being in a foreign and strange environment may seem scary and unusual for them, so, I would all incorporate diversity in the lesson plan, and not just focus on one culture because students need to know about the other cultures out there in the world to expand their knowledge. Getting to know the students would be a crucial step in making them feel included and ensuring

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Vincent 4 they want to learn. Lastly, I would give students freedom and flexibility, allowing them to read free, we speak freely and allow them to make connections between a culture in their curriculum Favorite Teacher During Middle Childhood During my Middle childhood, my favorite teacher would have to be Miss Stevenson. She made learning more accessible by having pieces I both paper that was easy to read and easy to understand. If it was confusing, or we didn't get it, she would explain or make sure we asked a fellow classmate for help. I think the teacher use their knowledge of middle childhood in developmental psychology to ensure the students a productive and inclusive invite bye giving us active learning in hands-on activities. My favorite teacher used to incorporate think she knew we liked such as candy and games and also incorporating her lessons and helping us remember the information for tests, Homeworks and other assignments. Also, she incorporated things like group working. This idea helped us with the middle childhood stage because it allowed us to work together as groups to socialize in combine all our brains together on the subject at hand because we are students determined to get the job done faster when we were together. Conclusion Middle childhood is an important and fascinating time in children's lives when they go through many different stages of transformation. The years between the ages of 6 and 12 comes with multiple interactions of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development, all of which lead to the various challenges and difficulties that children encounter throughout this crucial developmental stage. We have revealed the middle childhood stage of existence. We learn essential knowledge into the confusing inner workings of the young minds that fill our homes, schools, and communities, from Piaget's stages of cognitive development, which explain the formation of abstract thinking and problem solving skills, to Vygotsky educational process, which is middle childhood was fixed intense learning, with the specifics depending on the

Vincent 5 family, school, and culture (Berger, 2022, p.212). We are reminded as we finish the study of middle childhood and developmental psychology that human development is a continual with ups and downs as well as twists and turns. With our understanding and commitment, we can offer the support and motivation youngsters need to successfully overcome these challenges and grow into confident in themselves, skilled, and caring adults prepared to take on the world with courage and resolution.

Vincent 6 REFRENCES Berger, K.S. (2022). Invitation to the life span (5th ed.). Worth Publishers.

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