Learning and Conditioning Worksheets

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Feb 20, 2024

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Classical Conditioning in the Real World Identify the components of classical conditioning in each of the following examples. 1. Geraldine had an automobile accident at the corner of 32nd Street and Cherry Avenue. Whenever she approaches the intersection now, she begins to feel uncomfortable; her heart begins to beat faster, she gets butterflies in her stomach, and her palms become sweaty. US: Automobile Accident UR: Feels uncomfortable (her heart racing, butterflies in her stomach, and her palms become sweaty) CS: Approaching a intersection CR: Feels uncomfortable (her heart racing, butterflies in her stomach, and her palms become sweaty) 2. Calvin was chased and assaulted by an aggressive rooster when he was just barely three years old. As an adult he still gets little blips in his stomach when he hears the word rooster , and he claims that birds make him nervous. US: Assaulated / agrgressive rooster UR: Fear (nervous and blips in his stomach) CS : word “rooster” CR: Fear (nervous and blips in his stomach) Why do all birds make Calvin nervous? Generalization is the reason why all birds make Calvin nervous. Why does the word “rooster” cause him to have belly blips? The word “rooster” causes Calvin to have belly blips because of higher order conditioning. 3. When Jim met Judy, it was love at first sight. Jim cannot explain why it is that Judy turns him on because he knows girls that are prettier and who have more outstanding personalities. At their wedding, a perceptive family friend commented that there is something about Judy that reminds her of Jim’s mother; maybe it is the way she smiles, or the pattern of freckles across her nose. US: Mother’s love UR: Be happy CS: Judy CR: Be happy

Applying Operant Conditioning 1. Name three undesirable behaviors that often persist because they are reinforced. Firstly, smoking cigarettes is an undesriable behavior that often persits because it is reinforced by the chemical reward. Secondly, people who act out in public are often reinforced with some attention, which reinforces this undesirable behavior. Lastly, an undesirable behaviour that often persits is alcohol drinking for someone with alcholoism because its reniforced by a range of pleasant effects. 2. Name three desirable behaviors that often fail to occur (or do not occur frequently enough) because they are not reinforced or are punished. Trafffic rules are not obeyed in some areas because there is no strict law of enforcement in that area. People violate traffic rules and often get themselves into accidents. Assisting the poor or elderly often does not have fiancial reinforcements, so it is not engaged in even though desriable. Studying or practicing a difficult task can be punishing, therefore not occuring frequently enough. 3. Using the principles of operant conditioning, suggest at least three strategies for reducing spouse beating (a problem of crisis proportions in our society). Using postive punishment, you could add punishments like sterilization for people convicted of spouse beating in order to reduce this behavior. Another way is that one can add rewards like cash bounses for reporting spouse beatings. Lastly, you could remove reinforcements like taking off the air media that shows spouse beating. 4. Describe a situation in which you, or someone you know, has had their behavior modified by operant conditioning, either intentionally or unintentionally. Please include one of the following terms and explain how it relates to the situation: Positive Reinforcement; Negative Reinforcement; Positive Punishment; Negative Punishment. I trained my dog to shake by offering him a treat and and a pat on the head whenever he preformed the correctly. This action would be considered a postive reinforcer. A postive reinforcer is increasing behaviors by presenting postive reinforcers, which is any stimulus that when presented after a response, stregthens the response. In this

situation, it is a postive reinforecer because it encouraged my dog to continue to shake. Another example is after I perform in a show, I receive applause from the audience. This is postive reinforcer because it iunspires me to try out for more shows in the future. Reinforcement vs. Punishment Instructions. For each example presented below, identify whether positive reinforcement (PR), negative reinforcement (NR), or punishment (PUN) is illustrated by placing the appropriate abbreviation in the blank next to the item. _ PR __ 1. Police pulling drivers over and giving prizes for buckling up _ PUN _ 2. Suspending a basketball player for committing a flagrant foul _ PUN _ 3. A soccer player rolls her eyes at a teammate who delivered a bad pass __ NR _ 4. A child snaps her fingers until her teacher calls on her _ PR _ 5. A hospital patient is allowed extra visiting time after eating a complete meal _ PR __ 6. Receiving a city utility discount for participating in a recycling program _ NR _ 7. Grounding a teenager until his or her homework is finished _ PUN _ 8. Scolding a child for playing in the street _ PUN _ 9. A prisoner loses TV privileges for one week for a rule violation _ NR _ 10. A parent nagging a child to clean up her room _ NR _ 11. A rat presses a lever to terminate a shock or a loud tone _ PR _ 12. A professor gives extra credit to students with perfect attendance _ PUN _ 13. A dog is banished to his doghouse after soiling the living room carpet _ NR _ 14. A defendant is harassed and tortured until he confesses _ PR _ 15. A young child receives $5 for earning good grades in school _ PR _ 16. A mother smiles when her child utters "Mama" _ PUN _ 17. A child is put into "time out" for misbehaving _ PR _ 18. Employee of the month gets a reserved parking space _ PUN _ 19. At a party, a husband becomes sullen when his wife flirts with a colleague

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__ PR ___ 20. A woman watching a football game offers her child candy to play quietly

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