Module 4(1)

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PSY 375 Module Four Lab Worksheet Template Complete this template by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information. All responses to lab questions should be in your own words or paraphrased. Encoding Specificity Lab Data ● Insert your data in the table below. Study/Test Cue* Proportion Correct Weak/weak 0.250 Weak/strong 0.500 Strong/weak 0.333 Strong/strong 0.500 Lure 0.562 *Strong and Weak refer to the extent to which cue and target are related in meaning. Weak/Weak and Strong/Strong designate conditions where the cues, used at study and test, were the same. Weak/Strong and Strong/Weak designate conditions where the cues, used at study and test, were different. 1

● Insert a screenshot of the lab output below. Lab Questions ● Do your results support the encoding specificity hypothesis? Why or why not? Note: Consider what led to the best results—having strong semantic associations between cue and target, or matching cues at encoding and test? The labs prediction stated that one should be more successful recoining the target when the cue at encoding is in the same as the cue at retrieval. This meaning that the relationship for strong and strong should lead to higher retrieval. My result matched the prediction accurately as you can see from the chart, when the test Q was strong, I was able to properly recall more information. 2

● Describe a real or hypothetical example of a situation that demonstrates encoding specificity. Ensure that your example is original and not from course materials. We experience this encoding more often in real life. For example as student, when we chew gum ehile studying and do the same while doing exams then we remember more information. Also, when we study on a certain room the do exams on the same room then we can perform better; the environment enable one to remember more information. Levels of Processing Lab Data ● Insert your data in the table below. Condition/Task Proportion Correct Letter/encoding 0.900 Rhyme/encoding 0.900 Semantic/encoding 0.800 Letter/test 0.350 Semantic/test 0.700 3

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Condition/Task Proportion Correct Lure/test 0.517 ● Insert a screenshot of the lab output below. Lab Questions ● Do your results support the levels of processing theory? Why or why not? Focus on how well you did in the test condition (relative to how you encoded) to answer this question. 4

The results of my experiment matched exactly with the prediction. I had high levels of recall for the low and medium processing levels in the encoding part of the activity; however, during the test I scored higher on the semantic processing. ● What is meant by deep processing ? How might you use this to improve memory in a real-world scenario? Describe a unique example. Be creative! Deep processing describe how we take information that we already know and learn new information, and describe how we can fit the two together. For example, I studied biology during my early collage studies. During this period I was able to take information I was learning and apply to animal I was rearing at home. The knowledge allowed me to process how the animal bodies worked. False Memory Lab Data ● Insert your data in the table below. Type of Item Percent Recognized Original list item 78.569 Unrelated lure 8.303 Related lure 100.00 ● Insert a screenshot of the lab output below. 5

Lab Questions ● Did your results conform to those predicted for this lab? Why or why not? The result I obtained from the lab matched the predicted results. From the chart above you can see that identify the related lures 100% of the time and as per the prediction a participant would identify the related distractors very often. This prediction is because when the words are related and flash on the screen then you automatically connect them and that makes it easier to recall those words during the test phase. ● How did this study set participants up to experience false memory? Deese, Roediger, and McDermott also found people can be confident in their selection of the false memory item. Why do you think that is? Your answer will be graded based on the depth of your thinking. Confident in their selection of the false memory item. Why do you think that is? Your answer will be graded based on the depth of your thinking. This study caused participants to think of related words and later recall them as if they were actually a part of the word list, this happens because our brain connects words that are similar or have similar contexts and meaning 6

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and therefore when we look at the words that are presented our brain may say that we thought of that word when in reality we didn't. Module Question ● Compare and contrast levels of processing with encoding specificity. Describe a difference and a similarity. The two methods of encoding have some similarities and differences. One of the similarities is what the experiments seek to achieve in the end; for test how one can recall information. However, the they way they are conducted differs significantly. The false memory lab try to make recall information make one keep information in the mind that would required when one is taking the test. 7

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