PSY 520 - 6-2 SPSS Assignment 2 - ANOVA

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Nov 24, 2024

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PSY 520 SPSS Assignment 2 Before You Begin the Assignment  Read Chapter 14 in your Beginning Behavior Research: A Conceptual Primer textbook and Chapter 13 in your Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics textbook.  Review the video tutorial for an overview of conducting ANOVA analyses in SPSS.  Access and open the Test Performance SPSS data set. To Submit Your Assignment  The best way to paste your output into this assignment document is to do the following: o Select Copy when copying from the SPSS output. o To paste in Word, your document must be open within the VDI. Use a shared drive (such as OneDrive) or access your learning environment within the virtual desktop to download this document. o Select Paste and then resize the image to fit the screen in Word. An Overview of the Data Set This data set represents hypothetical data from a study that examined how background music affected performance on a math test. Specifically, participants were randomly assigned to take a general math test with rock music, classical music, or white noise playing in the background. Further, participants were classified as being either high or low in math experience based on the number of college math courses they had taken. Here is some more information about the variables in this hypothetical data set:  Number : Participant’s ID number  Sound: The type of background music participants heard while taking the test; 1 = rock, 2 = classical, and 3 = white noise  Experience: Participants who had taken three or more college math courses were classified as being high in math experience, whereas participants who had taken fewer than three were classified as being low; 1 = high and 2 = low  Anxiety: Anxiety during the test, with possible scores ranging from 0 to 50; higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety  Performance: Performance on the general math test, with possible scores ranging from 0 to 100; higher scores indicate better performance on the test Questions 1) Describe in your own words what type of research situations call for a researcher to use an ANOVA analysis. The type of research situations that call for a researcher to use an ANOVA analysis is when three or more group means need to be compared.

2a) Use the Compare Means function (select Analyze, select Compare Means and Proportions , and then select Means ) to compare the means of the three Sound conditions on Anxiety and Performance . 2b) Based on these results, on which variable does it appear most likely that significant differences might exist based on the Sound condition? Based on these results, classical music seems to have a significant difference in performance. 3a) Conduct a one-way ANOVA on both Anxiety and Performance using Sound as the independent variable. That is, conduct two separate one-way ANOVAs, one with Anxiety as the dependent variable and one with Performance as the dependent variable.

3b) Based on these results, were either of your ANOVAs significant? How can you tell? Use a cutoff level of 0.05 for your decision. Based on these results, the performance ANOVA test was significant. The p-value is .02 which is smaller than the cutoff level of .05. The F value is 4.336 (bigger than 1) which also indicates that the test was significant. 4a) Remember that in a one-way ANOVA, we are only looking at the impact of one variable on the dependent variable. Factorial ANOVAs, on the other hand, assess the impact of multiple independent variables. Conduct a factorial ANOVA on Performance using both Sound and Experience as independent variables. Be sure to choose the option to view the estimated marginal means (by selecting “EM Means” instead of “Options”) for all of your main effects and interactions. This choice will allow you to easily interpret the results. 4b) Write the results of the ANOVA. For help, refer to the “How to Present the Results of a Two-Way ANOVA” section of the webpage, Two-Way ANOVA: Examples and When to Use It .

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There was a significant difference for both experience (F(1)=39.481, p<0.001) and sound (F(2)=7.339, p=0.002). There is also a significant interaction (F(2)=3.456, p=0.043) between experience and sound.

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