Lab 1 - Monte Carlo Methods - Volume of the Library
.pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
University of Massachusetts, Amherst *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
132
Subject
Physics
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
Pages
6
Uploaded by CoachBadgerPerson855
Lab 1 - Monte Carlo Methods - Volume
of the Library
Full Name:
Partner’s Full Name:
By the end of the lab prep, you should be able to…
●
Know the definition of mean and standard deviation and be able to calculate these
quantities for any data set
●
Recognize measurements as continuous, rather than discrete, values.
●
Use a spreadsheet to calculate the result of a function
●
Recognize characteristics of a normal distribution.
●
Know that the number of digits in data representation should be based upon
uncertainties and not upon fixed significant figures rules
●
Use the idea of standard deviation to express the number of appropriate digits for any
calculation
●
Compare representations of data using significant figures and using uncertainties
●
Describe the difference between statistical and systematic uncertainties
By the end of this lab, you should be able to…
●
Categorize an uncertainty as either statistical or systematic
●
Characterize data with a probability distribution based upon mean and standard
deviation
●
Critique the limitations of the Gaussian assumption
●
Use a spreadsheet to generate random numbers with both a flat distribution and a
normal distribution with a given mean and standard deviation
●
Describe the fundamental principle of Monte Carlo-based error propagation as being
based upon pulling values from a probability distribution and putting them in a formula.
●
Use a probability distribution to get possible values
●
Create a spreadsheet to generate the possible values
●
Compute a set of possible results of a formula using a spreadsheet
●
Synthesize the results of those formula results into a single representation of your final
measurement
University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Fall 2023
Physics Department
1/6
●
Set-up a spreadsheet to propagate errors using Monte Carlo methods for a new set of
data and a through a new mathematical formula
Overview
In this lab, you will be designing a method to measure the height of the library. Once you collect
the data, you will be analyzing it using probability distributions and the Monte Carlo Method.
In this lab, you will be working in your team of four. However, you will be turning in lab reports as
pairs.
Part 1 - Measure the Volume of the Library
First, you and your lab team will design a method to measure the length, width, and height of
the W.E.B. du Bois Library here on campus. The only measuring instrument you will have is a
meter stick. You will only measure only the
tower
of the library.
By Ktr101 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17831764
University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Fall 2023
Physics Department
2/6
NOTE:
You are
not
being graded on your accuracy. The variations within a team and among
teams are the critical focus of this lab!
1.
Describe your methods of measuring the dimensions of the library.
Once your team has decided on a method of measuring the library,
each team member needs
to execute the plan individually
.
Everyone should follow the agreed upon plan as close
as possible.
Again, you are not being graded on your accuracy. The variation in your results will
be critical to the statistical analysis portion of this lab.Try to avoid sharing data with each other
until the second part of this lab.
WARNING: DO NOT ENTER THE FENCED IN SPACE AROUND
THE LIBRARY! THIS IS A RESTRICTED SPACE!
2.
Record your team’s measurements and calculate the volume of the library using the
dimensions you measured, and record them for the second part of this lab. Record your
team’s measurements in the table below:
Teammate
Length l (m)
Width w (m)
Height h (m)
Volume V (m
3
)
1
2
3
4
Part 2 - Statistical Analysis
You may have learned in previous classes ways of determining uncertainties. A more rigorous
method that always works is the Monte Carlo method with which you should be familiar with the
prep. This method is the method used in most research today.
University of Massachusetts - Amherst
Fall 2023
Physics Department
3/6
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Questions
Only apply error propagation to determine the error propagation to determine the associated uncertainty …
Plz
arrow_forward
WMLE=arg min log(1+e wx.)
Discussion topic:
• Explain why the loss is convex. (Take a look at the second derivative)
• What function does the loss approximate as w x becomes large?
Explain why the loss is convex. What happens when
wax becomes larger.
what happens when wTx becomes larger
arrow_forward
Q3: Consider evaluation of different temperatures of solar photovoltaic/thermal system
(PVT) as shown in Figure 1(a). The following set of differential equations represent
energy balance equations to be solve using matrices and eigenvalues using MATLAB
(or Octave):
dTglass = -0.75Tolass + 0.75TpvtT
dt
(1)
dTpyT
= -
dt
1.18Tglass – 22TPVT + 23Twax
(2)
dTwax
= 127glass + 18Tpyt – 19 Twax
dt
(3)
Where, Tatass, Tpyr, and Twax, are temperatures illustrated in Figure 1(b). At time t=0 the initial
conditions are Tatass = 35 , TpyT = 33, and Twax = 31 °C.
Call seppty
Ia tree water
Tank
Glass
PVT
Expu
Nane PCMPVT Callector
Tub
Tepe
Sterg Tak
e Ma
Nanou
Hest Eschanger
Container
Teket
vae
Pump
for draie
(a)
(b)
Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the nano-PCM and nanofluid PVT system, (b) mathematical model in context of the
PVT collector: glass, PV, wax layer and tube coil, respectively [1].
arrow_forward
Generalizing the Product Rule The Derivative Product Rule
gives the formula
dv du
dr
dx
(uv) = u-
dx
for the derivative of the product uv of two differentiable functions
of x.
a. What is the analogous formula for the derivative of the prod-
uct uvw of three differentiable functions of x?
b. What is the formula for the derivative of the product uj uz uz u4
of four differentiable functions of x?
c. What is the formula for the derivative of a product uj Uz uz* Un
of a finite number n of differentiable functions of x?
arrow_forward
For each of the series below you find two answer fields.
In the first answer field enter: (inputs are case sensitive)
-inf
if the series assumes the limit -∞
R
if the series converges to a number
R+
if the series converges absolutely to a number
+inf
if the series assumes the limit +∞
DNE
if the series has no limit in real number line R
In the second answer field select one of the following tests if it can be
used to prove your claim in the first answer field:
IT
AST
Geo
RootT
RatioT
LASN
LASE
LC
∞
n=1
Check
Integral Test
for Alternating Series Test
for comparison with a geometric series with
r < 1.
Root Test
RatioTest
The limit of absolute values of summands does not exist.
The limit of absolute values of summands exists but is not 0.
Limit comparison with the harmonic series
Σ(-1)" tan(2/n)
Σ(-1)" (1 – 7)"
n=1
because
because
∞
k=0
?
arrow_forward
What is the significance of the standard deviation value with to the mean?Explain.
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.
arrow_forward
Please use the origin (0,0) as the starting point of the graph and 2pi on the x-axis as the point where th
graph ends.
Find a function of the form y = Asin(x) or y = Acos(x) whose graph matches the function below.
51
37/2
-2
-3
-4
-5+
Give an exact answer using fractions and/or multiples of pi as necessary.
y =
OType here to search
arrow_forward
Please solve this question completely please take your time and show neat and clean solution
arrow_forward
Please help ASAP
arrow_forward
Friction
Be able to calculate, for both kinetic and static friction:
a. The frictional force, given the mass and coefficient of friction,
including experimental uncertainty.
b. The coefficient of friction, given the mass and frictional force,
including experimental uncertainty.
c. The mass or the normal force, given the friction coefficient and
the applied frictional force, including experimental uncertainty.
Be able to sketch a force diagram for a block either at rest or sliding, with
friction.
Example 1:
A block of wood with a mass of 220 g (assumed exact) is sitting on a
surface, where the coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the
materials are μ = 0.31±0.01, Mk = 0.22 +0.01.
What force is required to get the block moving? Quote your answer
including an experimental uncertainty. (0.67N ± 0.02N)
Once the block is moving, what horizontal force is required to keep the
block sliding at constant speed? Quote your answer including an
experimental uncertainty. (0.47N ± 0.02N)…
arrow_forward
This is the lab and It is not the writing assignment. please help me with this. I appreciate it. Thank you! please don't reject it!!
arrow_forward
If we have stabdard deviations for x and y data and we have mean values for x and y, how can we evaluate the standard deviation of (1-x/y).m ?
(m is a constant value).
arrow_forward
Please help me with the following and explain making sure the answer is really really correct 100%. I tried all kinds of calculations and it was wrong so I have no idea what's wrong. When I look at similar questions with different numbers it was 0. ... so i guess it has be something similar maybe but pleas make sure your work is correct pls pls ( wrong asnwer--> 1.31g and 1.35e-12)
arrow_forward
Write down Newton's 2nd Law for the forces acting on the cylinder. Solve your equation (algebraically) for the buoyant force. The force probe measures the tension in the string. The force probe measures 0.605 N for the Al cylinder and 1.166 N for the Pb cylinder. Use your algebraic expression to calculate the buoyant force. The uncertainty on the measured force is ?B = g?m + ?T, where g is 9.8 m/s2, ?m is the mass uncertainty (as given in the table above), and ?T = 0.001 N is the tension uncertainty from the force probe.FB on Al cylinder: ____±_____
FB on Pb cylinder: _____±____
arrow_forward
A. Can we use statistical tools to quantify uncertainties? Explain.
B. Which will give you a more accurate measurement, a ruler or a meter stick? Explain.
C. Any measurement has an inherent uncertainty so that when you use it in calculation/s uncertainties will propagate to the result of your calculation/s. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
arrow_forward
The fifth-order partial derivative
arrow_forward
Part B: Error propagation
Consider that you measured an angle 0 to be 40 degrees. The uncertainty of your measurement is + 1 degree. Using the rules for
error propagations, determine the uncertainty of sin(0). Clearly show your work.
Hint: The uncertainty of any function of a single variable, z =
f(x), is the derivative of the function calculated at that point
multiplied by the uncertainty of the variable. A(z)
df
Ax
dx
arrow_forward
Please don't provide handwritten solution ...
arrow_forward
Consider a thin hoop of mass (1.420 ± 0.001) kg and radius (0.250 ± 0.002) m. The moment of inertia for a thin hoop rotating about an axis going through its center is MR2 . Calculate the moment of inertia of this hoop and its uncertainty using error propagation rules (see Appendix). Clearly show work.
Please solve the uncertainty using the appendix I attached
arrow_forward
Physics
Solve the problem ALGEBRAICALLY. Read
the problem carefully. Using pencil on
paper, derive the solution(s)
ALGEBRAICALLY
from first principles. Show
all mathematical steps. USE VARIABLES,
NO NUMBERS, USE VARIABLES. For
example, use: m, t, v, a, L, W, H, AW, and
Ao for mass, time, velocity, acceleration,
dimensions, atomic wt, density,
Avogadro's, respectively.
0
0
0
0
0 0
pre
0
nn
0.2
S
0.4
time (s)
0.6
0.8
10P
A small mass moves along a straight line such that
its position as a function of time is:
s=At^b -Ct^d where A = 5, b=4, C=7, d = 5
and where s is in meters and t is in seconds.
Determine the acceleration in m/s/s at the instant
the velocity is zero.
Refer PPT Slide 2-8
Express algebraic solution in terms of A, b, c, d
and t.
A
5
b
4
с
7
d
5
acc
PALA
arrow_forward
Please answer within 90 minutes.
arrow_forward
Use the first equation attached below. To calculate the initial ball velocity vi with error found by propagating uncertainty in θ. For error propgating use the following the equation to calculate the uncertainty in cos (θ), necessary for calculation using the derived expression. Note that the uncertainty comes from the 2/3 method.
δcos (θ) = | cos (θ + δθ) -2cos (θ - δθ) |
Mass of ball
66.0 g
0.1 g
Mass of pendulum
245.0 g
0.1 g
Theoretical velocity
4.19 +/- 0.02 m/s
Trial
Final angle
1
28.00 degrees
2
28.00 degrees
3
28.10 degrees
4
28.00 degrees
5
28.10 degrees
6
27.90 degrees
arrow_forward
Suppose that the length of an object is measured multiple times. Assuming that random errors are the only source of error,
a. Does increasing the number of measurements change the standard deviation for the set? Explain
arrow_forward
Just before
1=1
k
x=0
x=x;
k
v
m
x=0
x=x;
|5|=0
m
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics (14th Edition)
Physics
ISBN:9780133969290
Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher:PEARSON
Introduction To Quantum Mechanics
Physics
ISBN:9781107189638
Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9780321820464
Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher:Addison-Wesley
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...
Physics
ISBN:9780134609034
Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher:PEARSON
Related Questions
- Only apply error propagation to determine the error propagation to determine the associated uncertainty … Plzarrow_forwardWMLE=arg min log(1+e wx.) Discussion topic: • Explain why the loss is convex. (Take a look at the second derivative) • What function does the loss approximate as w x becomes large? Explain why the loss is convex. What happens when wax becomes larger. what happens when wTx becomes largerarrow_forwardQ3: Consider evaluation of different temperatures of solar photovoltaic/thermal system (PVT) as shown in Figure 1(a). The following set of differential equations represent energy balance equations to be solve using matrices and eigenvalues using MATLAB (or Octave): dTglass = -0.75Tolass + 0.75TpvtT dt (1) dTpyT = - dt 1.18Tglass – 22TPVT + 23Twax (2) dTwax = 127glass + 18Tpyt – 19 Twax dt (3) Where, Tatass, Tpyr, and Twax, are temperatures illustrated in Figure 1(b). At time t=0 the initial conditions are Tatass = 35 , TpyT = 33, and Twax = 31 °C. Call seppty Ia tree water Tank Glass PVT Expu Nane PCMPVT Callector Tub Tepe Sterg Tak e Ma Nanou Hest Eschanger Container Teket vae Pump for draie (a) (b) Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the nano-PCM and nanofluid PVT system, (b) mathematical model in context of the PVT collector: glass, PV, wax layer and tube coil, respectively [1].arrow_forward
- Generalizing the Product Rule The Derivative Product Rule gives the formula dv du dr dx (uv) = u- dx for the derivative of the product uv of two differentiable functions of x. a. What is the analogous formula for the derivative of the prod- uct uvw of three differentiable functions of x? b. What is the formula for the derivative of the product uj uz uz u4 of four differentiable functions of x? c. What is the formula for the derivative of a product uj Uz uz* Un of a finite number n of differentiable functions of x?arrow_forwardFor each of the series below you find two answer fields. In the first answer field enter: (inputs are case sensitive) -inf if the series assumes the limit -∞ R if the series converges to a number R+ if the series converges absolutely to a number +inf if the series assumes the limit +∞ DNE if the series has no limit in real number line R In the second answer field select one of the following tests if it can be used to prove your claim in the first answer field: IT AST Geo RootT RatioT LASN LASE LC ∞ n=1 Check Integral Test for Alternating Series Test for comparison with a geometric series with r < 1. Root Test RatioTest The limit of absolute values of summands does not exist. The limit of absolute values of summands exists but is not 0. Limit comparison with the harmonic series Σ(-1)" tan(2/n) Σ(-1)" (1 – 7)" n=1 because because ∞ k=0 ?arrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the standard deviation value with to the mean?Explain.arrow_forward
- Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.arrow_forwardPls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.arrow_forwardPls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.arrow_forward
- Pls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.arrow_forwardPls help ASAP. Pls show all work and explain thoroughly on what equation is being used and how you come up with the answer. Also, pls underline or square the final answers.arrow_forwardPlease use the origin (0,0) as the starting point of the graph and 2pi on the x-axis as the point where th graph ends. Find a function of the form y = Asin(x) or y = Acos(x) whose graph matches the function below. 51 37/2 -2 -3 -4 -5+ Give an exact answer using fractions and/or multiples of pi as necessary. y = OType here to searcharrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics (14th Edition)PhysicsISBN:9780133969290Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. FreedmanPublisher:PEARSONIntroduction To Quantum MechanicsPhysicsISBN:9781107189638Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.Publisher:Cambridge University Press
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningLecture- Tutorials for Introductory AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9780321820464Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina BrissendenPublisher:Addison-WesleyCollege Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...PhysicsISBN:9780134609034Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart FieldPublisher:PEARSON
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics (14th Edition)
Physics
ISBN:9780133969290
Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher:PEARSON
Introduction To Quantum Mechanics
Physics
ISBN:9781107189638
Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9780321820464
Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher:Addison-Wesley
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...
Physics
ISBN:9780134609034
Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher:PEARSON