Lab 2

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Running Head: Static Electricity 1 Rana Vargas Dr. Therese Fukuda General Physics II Pikes Peak State College 2/19/2023 Static Electricity – Informal Report

Static Electricity 2 Worksheet Pre Lab Questions 1. What is the name of the force responsible for holding an electron to an atom? Answer: The force that is responsible for holding an electron to an atom is the electromagnetic force. 2. If an object is contains + 4.32 x 10 -15 C of charge, how many electrons are responsible? Does this charge indicate a surplus or deficiency of electrons? Show your work here. Answer: The number of the electrons responsible is: 4.32*10^-15/ (1.6*10^-19) =27000.numbers of electrons. This indicates there is a deficiency in electrons as the charge is positive. 3. A 4.1 x 10 -15 C charge is able to pick up a bit of paper when it is initially 1.0 cm above the paper. Assume an induced charge on the paper of the same magnitude, and find the weight of the paper in newtons. Remember to convert the distance to meters and show your work here. Answer:1cm=1*10^-2 m thanks you for the reminder.  Mg=9*10^9*4.1*10^-15) ^2/1*10^-2=1.51*10^-15 N 4. A neutrally charged conductor has a negatively charged rod brought close to it, and thus has an induced positive charge on the surface closest to the rod. What can we say about the overall charge on the conductor? Explain your reasoning.  Because it says close and not touched the charge will stay 0 as it is neutral however the charge will change when the rod touches the conductor, and it has to be charged rod of course.

Static Electricity 3 Post Lab Questions Part 1: Simulation of Charge Transfer 1. What happens to the balloon? Answer: The balloon usually has a neutral charge however it can transfer some charges when rubbing against an object. 2. After rubbing, charges transferred between the sweater and balloon. Do electrons or protons do the transferring? Select Show all charges, to see if you are right. After revealing the charges again, explain the general transfer process Answer: When rubbing a balloon into a sweater some electrons will transfer from the sweater to the balloon as the balloon can have a negative charge due to gain some electrons. 3. What general observation can you make about the strength of the electrostatic force with the amount of charges? Explain your reasoning with your observations. Answer: as we know the electrostatic definition is the force between two charges however the balloon didn’t have any charges. as if we put the balloon between the wall and the sweater I believe that the balloon will get attracted to the sweater and not the wall because of the electrons that transferred from the sweater made it positive charge and the balloon negative charge. . 5. Why must the balloon be closer to the wall in order to attract the wall? Use Coulomb's law to help explain your reasoning. Answer: As I said the balloon has no charge however if I put the balloon close the wall will be the wall will have a neutral charge however some electrons might transfer from the balloon to the wall making the wall negative charge and the balloon positive. Part 2: Attraction and Repulsion 1. What do you observe? Were they both charged the same or differently? Repeat a few times if you do not notice anything, being careful not to touch any free part of the strips. Answer: Both tapes have the same charge I believe that’s why we can’t notice any attraction between them or any type of electro force. 2. What do you observe now? Were they charged in the same way or differently?

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Static Electricity 4 Answer: In this case, the charge is very different, which means the tapes were attracted to each other and especially in the air. Part 3: Charging Methods 1. What method of charging is this? Answer: I believe this charging method is called static electricity. 2. How would you explain why some combinations work better than others? Answer: some materials work better than others because of their ability to lose an electron unlike others where they gain, so when we use two different objects one of them gains an electron and the other loses an electron then yes it can work great. Such as wool and plastic. 3. How can a charged object pick up a neutrally charged piece of paper? Doesn't the paper require a charge too? Explain what type of charging method this is. Answer: when we say this object has a neutral charge means it has positive and negative charges however, they are equal which leads to an equal charge however sometimes the charges move where the neutral object is nearest to the charged object, and this results in an attraction between the neutral object and the charged object (paper) and it is called charging by conduction 4. What do you observe? Explain what charging method is affecting the aluminum. Answer: the charge method:is called the induced attraction method. 5. Next, allow the charged plastic to briefly touch the aluminum. Bring the plastic relatively close to the aluminum again without touching it. Explain what you are observing. Answer: the plastic will be charged with a certain number of electrons either + or – depending on how many electrons there are. However, when the touching happens. Both objects will be charged as they will match each other with the charge either positive or negative will means they will not attract each other. And this called induction method. 6. If you bring the plastic back to the aluminum without touching it, does it seem to attract more or less than before? Answer: nothing changes with the plastic bag I believe. No change in charges. 7. Compared to the charge on the plastic, how is the aluminum now charged? Answer: Like I said in the previous question it has the same charge nothing changes.

Static Electricity 5 8. What is the purpose for touching the aluminum with your finger during this procedure? Suppose the plastic was charged negatively. What type of charge flowed through your finger and in what direction? Answer: the purpose of this experiment and touching the aluminum specifically is to get rid of the opposite charge as the negative charge flows through my finger 9. What do you observe happening to the water? What is happening to the individual water molecules to make this happen? The water work as a good inductor and water contains charged ions. The water molecule slip off the plastic. References: Q: What Is “Static Electricity,” and How Can I See Its Effects? (n.d.). NSTA. https://www.nsta.org/q- what-static-electricity-and-how-can-i-see-its-effects#:~:text=When%20students%20rub%20bal- loons%20on%20a%20wool%20sweater,lost%20negative%20charges%2C%20gets%20a%20net %20positive%20charge.

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