Week 5 - Quiz_ PHI103_ Informal Logic (ACL2338C)
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Ashford University *
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Course
103
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
Pages
13
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Week 5 - Quiz
Due
Oct 23 at 12:59am
Points
20
Questions
20
Time Limit
180 Minutes
Instructions
Attempt History
Attempt
Time
Score
LATEST
Attempt 1
47 minutes
18.5 out of 20
Correct answers are hidden.
Score for this quiz: 18.5
out of 20
Submitted Oct 18 at 7:29pm
This attempt took 47 minutes.
Week 5 Quiz
[WLO: 1] [CLOs: 1, 2, 3]
Prior to taking this quiz, read Chapter 9 in your textbook With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
(Updated ed.). The University of Arizona Global Campus and review the video The Value Of Critical
Thinking In Daily Life
(https://uagc.mediaspace.kaltura.com/media/The+Value+Of+Critical+Thinking+In+Daily+Life/0_6td5unxp) .
This quiz is comprehensive, meaning that it covers material from the entire course (including this week’s
reading), so make sure to review all relevant material prior to beginning the quiz. The quiz contains 20
multiple-choice questions and is worth 10% of your course grade. You will have three hours to complete the
quiz, and it must be taken in one sitting. You are only allowed one attempt at this final quiz.
0 / 1 pts
Question 1
Incorrect
Incorrect
What type of fallacy, if any, is displayed in the following argument?
Sloan: “Dude you play way too many videogames.”
John: “Whatever bro! You play way more videogames. So, I am not going to
listen to your reasoning.”
Ad hominem Appeal to fear False dilemma False cause No fallacy The answer can be found in Section 7.2, “Fallacies of Relevance,” of
With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 2
What type of argument is the following? “Mike is a dietician, and he says
that bananas are healthy. So, they are.”
Statistical syllogism Appeal to authority Inductive generalization Argument from analogy
The answer can be found in Section 5.6, “Arguments from Authority,”
of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 3
The statement, “Cats are a billion times better than dogs,” uses which
rhetorical device?
Euphemism Weasel words Proof surrogate Innuendo Hyperbole The answer can be found in Section 8.2, “Obstacles to Critical
Thinking: Rhetorical Devices,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to
Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 4
Which of these is true about falsification in science?
It should be avoided since falsification would refute your hypothesis.
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We should try hard to refute our hypotheses because we get good evidence
for them only if they survive difficult tests.
It is better to choose hypotheses that are unfalsifiable. It is impossible to find a claim that cannot be falsified. The answer can be found in Section 6.4, “Reasoning About Science:
The Hypothetico-Deductive Method,” of With Good Reason: A Guide
to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 5
What type of argument is the following? “90% of kids like peanut butter and
jelly sandwiches. Mikey is a kid. So, he probably likes peanut butter and jelly
sandwiches.”
Argument from analogy Statistical syllogism Inductive generalization Inference to the best explanation The answer can be found in Section 5.2, “Statistical Arguments:
Statistical Syllogisms,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 6
God must exist for there can be no other explanation for the order and
complexity of the world. Some say there is no proof, but to me the proof is
all around us.
Which of the following is the conclusion of this argument?
God exists. There is no other explanation for the order and complexity of the world
besides God.
Atheists should repent. There is proof of God all around us. The answer can be found in Section 2.2, “Extracting Arguments in the
Standard Form,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 7
The principle of charity in logic is __________.
the idea that we should interpret the argument or objection in the strongest
way possible.
the idea that one should give to the poor. the idea that we only see the good in arguments that align with our beliefs.
the idea that one should change one’s mind when presented with contrary
evidence.
The answer can be found in Section 9.4, “Confronting Disagreement
by Seeking Truth,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 8
What fallacy is committed by the following reasoning? “I ate a grapefruit,
then it snowed. Therefore, I am going to eat a grapefruit next time I want it to
snow.”
Equivocation Fallacy of accident False cause Straw man No fallacy The answer can be found in Section 7.1, “Fallacies of Support,” of
With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 9
All dogs are warm-blooded. All warm-blooded creatures are mammals.
Hence, all dogs are mammals.
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True or False: The sentence, “Hence, all dogs are mammals,” is a premise
in this argument.
True False The answer can be found in Section 2.2, “Extracting Arguments in the
Standard Form,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 10
Arguments __________.
always have the same level of complexity. are always expressed in standard form. can include complicated chains of inference that build on themselves. have to be valid to be convincing. The answer can be found in Section 9.1, “The Argumentative Essay,”
of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 11
Which type of inductive argument is the following statement?
“He is late; there must have been traffic.”
Statistical syllogism Inductive generalization Appeal to authority Inference to the best explanation The answer can be found in Section 6.5, “Inference to the Best
Explanation,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 12
Suppose that the premises of an argument are: “All dogs are green” and “No
green things are tall.” Which of these conclusions makes the argument
valid?
“All dogs are tall.” “No dogs are tall.” “Dogs are mammals.” “All tall things are dogs.” None of these The answer can be found in Section 3.1, “Basic Concepts in
Deductive Reasoning,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 13
What type of fallacy, if any, is displayed in the following argument?
TV Commercial: “You should buy this car; it feels awesome to drive!”
Appeal to emotion False dilemma Appeal to force Equivocation No fallacy The answer can be found in Section 7.2, “Fallacies of Relevance,” of
With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 14
What type of argument is the following? “20% of those sampled like this
cereal. Therefore, 20% of all people will like the cereal.”
Modus ponens Statistical syllogism Inductive generalization Inference to the best explanation
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The answer can be found in Section 5.3, “Statistical Arguments:
Inductive Generalizations,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 15
In an argumentative essay, the premises of the argument __________.
are the reasons that support the thesis. do not need justification in an essay. are what the thesis defends. occur in the conclusion of the paper. The answer can be found in Section 9.1, “The Argumentative Essay,”
of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
0.5 / 1 pts
Question 16
Partial
Partial
What fallacy is committed by the following reasoning? “This band is the best;
everybody says so.”
Appeal to popular opinion Appeal to pity Begging the question Straw man
No fallacy The answer can be found in Section 7.1, “Fallacies of Relevance,” of
With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 17
The principle of accuracy in logic is __________.
the idea that scientific experiments need measures to ensure they produce
good data.
the idea that one should state the strongest argument no matter the position. the idea that we should prefer arguments that align with our beliefs. the idea that one should interpret the argument in line with the way the author
would state it.
The answer can be found in Section 9.4, “Confronting Disagreement
by Seeking Truth,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 18
Which of these is true about sound arguments?
A sound argument always has true premises. A sound argument with false premises can have a true conclusion. A sound argument may or may not be valid. A sound argument can have a false conclusion. The answer can be found in Section 3.1, “Basic Concepts in
Deductive Reasoning,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
1 / 1 pts
Question 19
A valid argument is __________
an argument in which it is impossible to have true premises and a false
conclusion.
an argument with true premises and a false conclusion. an argument in which it is possible to have true premises and a true
conclusion.
an argument that necessarily has true premises and a true conclusion. all of these.
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The answer can be found in Section 3.1, “Basic Concepts in
Deductive Reasoning,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking.
1 / 1 pts
Question 20
How should one ethically engage in verbal argumentation?
Maintain a focus on demonstrating the other person is wrong. Maintain a focus on the argument when analyzing what people are saying. Try to win at all costs. Stick to one’s position even if the evidence better supports the opposing
position.
The answer can be found in Section 9.4, “Confronting Disagreement
by Seeking Truth,” of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical
Thinking
.
Quiz Score: 18.5
out of 20