module 2 discussion
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Module 2: Discussion
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Most ethical theories agree on a large number of moral guidelines. For example, it is nearly universally held that it is wrong to steal. What difference, then, does it make whether someone subscribes to the divine command theory, Kantianism, utilitarianism, or one of the other ethical theories?
Grading:
(4 points) Make sure you analysis includes whether or not you think the ethical theories can come to different conclusions or if they always (or should always) come to the same conclusion. Try to include concrete examples and include at least 2 ethical principles in your analysis.
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The difference it makes whether someone subscribes to one theory versus another is the way the moral of an act is processed. All theories do have a large number of moral guidelines but the outlook can have different choices on what should be the choice you take. The decision making is processed differently for each theory causing them to have a different outcome.
Kantianism: Kant would argue against lying because if everyone lied, trust and communication would break down, rendering promises and agreements meaningless.
Act Utilitarianism:
In a situation where lying might produce greater overall happiness, an act utilitarian might justify lying.
Rule Utilitarianism
:
Social Contract Theory: Following laws against theft is a part of the social contract for the sake of maintaining social order and security.
Virtue Ethics: A virtuous person would not lie, not only because it is detrimental to trust in society but also because honesty is a virtue integral to
their character.
The difference that arises from subscribing to one ethical theory over another lies in the processing of the morality of an action. While all theories encompass a multitude of moral guidelines, their perspectives can diverge on the preferred course of action. Decision-making processes vary among these theories, leading to distinct outcomes.
**Kantianism**: Kant would vehemently oppose lying because if lying became universalized, trust and communication would disintegrate, rendering promises and agreements meaningless.
**Act Utilitarianism**: In a scenario where lying might result in greater overall happiness, an act utilitarian might justify lying as it maximizes utility.
**Rule Utilitarianism**: Rule utilitarianism would likely advocate for adherence to a rule against lying, as consistently following this rule would contribute to greater overall happiness by fostering trust and social cohesion.
**Social Contract Theory**: Following laws against theft is a fundamental aspect of the social contract, essential for maintaining social order and security.
**Virtue Ethics**: A virtuous person would abstain from lying, not only because it erodes trust in society but also because honesty is a virtue intrinsic to their character.
The difference it makes whether someone subscribes to one theory versus another lies in the way the morality of an act is processed. All theories do have a large number of moral guidelines, but the outlook can lead to different choices on what action should be taken. The decision-making process varies for each theory, resulting in distinct outcomes.
**Kantianism**: Kant would argue against lying because if everyone lied, trust and communication would break down, rendering promises and agreements meaningless.
**Act Utilitarianism**: In a situation where lying might produce greater overall happiness, an act utilitarian might justify lying.
**Rule Utilitarianism**: Rule utilitarianism would likely advocate for adherence to a rule against lying, as consistently following this rule would
contribute to greater overall happiness by fostering trust and social cohesion.
**Social Contract Theory**: Following laws against theft is a part of the social
contract for the sake of maintaining social order and security.
**Virtue Ethics**: A virtuous person would not lie, not only because it is detrimental to trust in society but also because honesty is a virtue integral to
their character.
The difference it makes whether someone subscribes to one theory versus another lies in the way the morality of an act is processed. All theories do have a large number of moral guidelines, but the outlook can lead to different choices on what action should be taken. The decision-making process varies for each theory, resulting in distinct outcomes.
Kantianism
: Kant would argue against lying because if everyone lied, trust and communication would break down, rendering promises and agreements meaningless.
Act Utilitarianism
: In a situation where lying might produce greater overall happiness, an act utilitarian might justify lying.
Rule Utilitarianism
: Rule utilitarianism would likely advocate for adherence
to a rule against lying, as consistently following this rule would contribute to greater overall happiness by fostering trust and social cohesion.
Social Contract Theory
: Following laws against theft is a part of the social contract for the sake of maintaining social order and security.
Virtue Ethics
: A virtuous person would not lie, not only because it is detrimental to trust in society but also because honesty is a virtue integral to
their character.
The difference it makes whether someone subscribes to one theory versus another lies in the way the morality of an act is processed. All theories do have a large number of moral guidelines, but the outlook can lead to different choices on what action should be taken. The decision-making process varies for each theory, resulting in distinct outcomes.
Kantianism
: Kant would argue against lying because if everyone lied, trust
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and communication would break down, rendering promises and agreements
meaningless.
Act Utilitarianism
: In a situation where lying might produce greater overall
happiness, an act utilitarian might justify lying.
Rule Utilitarianism
: Rule utilitarianism would likely advocate for adherence to a
rule against lying, as consistently following this rule would contribute to
greater overall happiness by fostering trust and social cohesion.
Social Contract Theory
: Following laws against theft is a part
of the social contract for the sake of maintaining social order and security.
Virtue Ethics
: A virtuous person would not lie, not only because it is
detrimental to trust in society but also because honesty is a virtue integral
to their character.