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Nov 24, 2024

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RUBELLA DISEASE
VIDEO ON RUBELLA DISEASE
DEFINITION OF RUBELLA DISEASE German measles IS AN infection Rubella (also known as 'German measles') is a viral infection that used to be common in children. It is usually a mild infection.
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HOW DOES IT SPREAD? • Rubella is spread by direct contact with nasal or throat secretions of infected individuals. Rubella can also be transmitted by breathing in droplets that are sprayed into the air when an infected person sneezes, coughs or talks.
WHAT CAUSES RUBELLA? • Rubella is caused by the rubella virus that's spread through personal contact, or by coughing and sneezing. Once you have had rubella then you normally develop a lifelong immunity against further infection.
Symptoms of rubella • A distinctive red-pink rash • The rubella rash is a distinctive red-pink colour. The rash appears as spots, which may be itchy. It usually starts behind the ears, before spreading around the head and neck. It may then spread to the abdomen and chest, legs and arms. The rash usually lasts up to 3 days. • Swollen lymph nodes • Swelling usually appears behind the ears, below your skull at the back of your head, and in your neck. Swollen lymph nodes (glands) can be painful. Sometimes they appear before the rash, and can last for a week or more after the rash has disappeared. • A high temperature • A high temperature (fever) of 38 ºC or more is a symptom of rubella that, although more common in children, can be severe in adults. Your temperature may remain high for several days. • Cold-like symptoms • Cold-like symptoms , such as a runny nose, watery eyes, sore throat and cough, are common in rubella, particularly in adults.
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Treatments OF RUBELLA DISEASE • There's no treatment to get rid of an established infection, but medications may help with symptoms. Vaccination can help prevent the disease.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF EDUCATORS AND OTHER STAFF(INCLUDE APPROPRIATE RESPONSES TO PARENTS, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TREATMENT, AND ORGANISATIONAL STANDARDS, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES • Infectious Disease Control and Unwell Children • To minimise the risk of transmission of infectious disease, our procedures focus on the quick and effective response to a suspected or identified infectious disease. In the case of a suspected or confirmed infectious disease, Goodstart works with families, public health units and medical practitioners to ensure the safety and wellbeing of all children, families and staff in the centre. Children diagnosed with infectious disease will be excluded from the centre using the guidelines in ‘Staying Healthy’ or until medical clearance has been provided.To prevent the spread of infectious disease, we encourage families to fully immunise their children in accordance with the Department of Health and Ageing’s National Immunisation Program Schedule. Non-immunised children may be excluded. is fully vaccinated for their age, or; • has a medical reason not to be vaccinated, or; • has a conscientious objection, including religious beliefs, to vaccination or; • is on a recognised catch-up schedule if their child has fallen behind with their vaccinations. • The amendment prevents a child care centre enrolling a child unless the mandatory documentation is received. • Upon enrolment of their child, all parents/guardians in NSW must provide: • An Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) Immunisation History Statement which shows that their child is up-to-date with their scheduled immunisations, or; • An ACIR* Immunisation Exemption Conscientious Objection Form (IMMU12) which has been certified by an immunisation provider and a parent/guardian, or; • An ACIR* Immunisation Exemption - Medical Contraindication Form (IMMU11) which has been certified by an immunisation provider, or; • An ACIR* Immunisation History form on which the immunisation provider has certified that the child is on a recognised catch-up schedule. • Parents/guardians who fail to provide the required documentation will not be permitted to enrol their child. More information about the changes is available by contacting your local Public Health Unit on 1300 066 055.
STRATEGIES FOR MINIMISING THE RISK OF SPREADING THE DISEASE, INCLUDING HYGIENE PRACTICES • Controlling infectious diseases in child care workplaces There are steps that can be taken in child care workplaces to reduce the risk of transferring infectious diseases. These include: • Encourage immunisation for staff members and children to prevent infectious diseases • ; • Establish policies to exclude animals and sick people; • • Provide adequate facilities for hand washing, cleaning and disposing of waste; • • Establish proper procedures for infection control, especially for: - Good personal hygiene including washing hands properly; - Safe work practices for high risk activities such as dealing with blood and body fluids, nappy changing and toileting, handling dirty linen and contaminated clothing and preparing and handling food; - Good management of toys, play clothing and play equipment (such as sand pits and wading pools); and - General cleaning of the child care workplace; • • Provide staff members and visitors with information on infection control policies and procedures; • • Provide training for staff members so they understand and can use the infection control procedures • ; • Provide adequate supervision to ensure everyone follows the policies and procedures; and • • Provide adequate supplies of protective equipment such as disposable gloves. Immunisation Immunisation is an effective means of preventing some infectious diseases. However, some children and adults may have an adverse reaction to a vaccine. Encourage parents to 4 seek medical advice on immunising their children. Staff members should also be encouraged to seek medical advice on having immunisations for infectious diseases that they may come into contact with at work, including Hepatitis A and B, Measles, Mumps, German Measles (Rubella), Polio, Chicken Pox, Diphtheria and Tetanus. A record of staff members’ immunisations should be maintained in case there is an outbreak of an infectious disease at the child care workplace. The employer should also provide all staff members with information if a child who usually attends the centre has an infectious disease. Steps can then be taken to identify those staff members most at risk of contracting the disease. Hand-washing Hand-washing is one of the most important methods used to reduce the risk of transmitting infectious diseases. Adults and children should wash their hands before handling food and eating, after changing a nappy, after assisting children in the toilet or going to the toilet and after cleaning up any body fluid or waste. Children’s faces and hands should be washed if they touch their own body fluid or waste or that from another person or animal. As part of their safety induction, all staff members and parents or volunteer helpers in a child care workplace should be instructed in a proper procedure and supervised to ensure their hands are clean and dried after washing.
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STEPS FOR NOTIFYING • Prevention • Exclude people with rubella from childcare, preschool, school and work until fully recovered or for at least 4 days after the onset of the rash. • Rubella is best prevented by the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) combination vaccine or the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) combination vaccine . Most people who have two doses of a rubella-containing vaccine will be protected against rubella infection. • Vaccination after exposure will not prevent infection. • All health care and childcare staff (men and women) should be tested for immunity to rubella and if not immune, should be immunised. • Anyone with suspected rubella should consult a doctor both to check that the diagnosis is correct and so that contacts (in particular, pregnant women) can be advised. A contact is any person who has been close enough to an infected person to be at risk of having acquired the infection from that person. As a day care report the symptoms of the illness to the parent/career so they take further action(for example, taking the child to a doctor). In such cases parents needs to be notified. The service need specific form to use when recording the signs. Record details such as sleep,temperature, vomiting,eating and drinking. Privacy of parents and children must be respected and is protected under privacy legislation. Unless the disease of a child is a notifiable disease. Inform parents and authorities- primary school principles and directors of child care centers should notify their local public health unit by phone as soon as possible after they are made aware that a child enrolled at the school or facility is suffering from a vaccine preventable disease such as Rubella. An written notification that could be given to parents:
• Date: _________________ Dear Parent or Guardian, There has been a case of rubella within your child’s school and your child may have been exposed. MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine is given at 12 months of age and as a preschool booster at 4-5 years. If your child received two MMR vaccines the chance of him/her developing rubella is extremely low. If, however, your child has not been vaccinated then it is quite possible that he/she might get rubella. What is rubella? Rubella is a mild viral illness that causes little problem for children. In childhood it causes a mild flu like illness with mild swelling of the glands, particularly those at the back of the neck, and a fine pinkish red rash. In addition adults can develop painful joints (arthritis). Why should I be concerned about rubella? If a pregnant woman develops rubella in the early stages of pregnancy her unborn baby may also be infected and the consequences can be devastating. Rubella infection in the unborn can cause severe developmental delay, eye defects, hearing problems and a wide variety of congenital abnormalities. Who gets rubella? Anyone who is not immune to it and who has contact with someone with rubella can get rubella. People who have either received rubella vaccine (part of the MMR) or who have had rubella should be immune. A simple blood test can tell whether or not you are immune to it. As many viral illnesses are similar to rubella, and are often mistaken for it, you cannot consider yourself immune unless you have had the blood test or been vaccinated with the rubella or MMR vaccine. What should I do now? If you and your child have received rubella vaccine or you have been tested and know that you are immune, there is no need for concern. If your child has not received MMR vaccine, bring them to your GP for vaccination. The vaccine will not protect them if they have been exposed this time, but it will protect them from future exposures. If you are pregnant or likely to become pregnant, please contact your GP and find out whether or not you are immune to rubella. If you are not immune (and are not pregnant) you should contact your GP and arrange to get the vaccine. What should I do if I think my child has rubella? If your child develops a flu-like illness, with a fine red rash and swelling of the glands behind the ears, arrange for your doctor to see the child. He will be able to tell you if it looks like rubella and will advise you what to do. If you suspect rubella, do not bring your child into a crowded surgery waiting room, as this may only spread the infection further. There is no treatment for rubella and symptoms resolve over a few days. Can my child stay in school? Children with rubella must stay at home until at least seven days after the appearance of the rash. Thank you for giving this your attention. Your GP will be able to answer any further questions that you might have about rubella and the MMR vaccine.
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