Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

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Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Student’s Name Professor’s Name Course Date 1

Sudden Infant Death (SID): The Hypothetical Health Concern Introduction Sudden infant death has been chosen as the health issue for a hypothetical health promotion strategy. The disorder is considered a major syndrome that causes infants without a history of serious illness to pass away. The phrase "sudden infant death syndrome" refers to this condition since it is thought to be a serious health problem and is therefore considered a syndrome (SIDS) (Young, 2018) It is difficult to explain how the problem develops and ultimately results in an infant's death because of the condition's intricacy. An infant, however, is a youngster under one-year- old and is regarded to have died while the child was asleep. Since most newborns pass away while in their cribs, the condition is occasionally known as crib death (Ahn et al., 2020). Although the precise etiology of SIDS is not well understood, the condition is strongly linked to a malfunction in a specific area of an infant's brain that regulates breathing and waking from sleep (Kim & Pearson-Shaver, 2022). Population affected. Children under the age of one make up the fictitious group for which the health issue is being highlighted. These youngsters are regarded as infants. Most of the time, these kids can hardly move and rely on their loved ones to carry out certain rituals, including turning over as they sleep (Horne, 2019). Although some newborns are thought to be old enough to reposition themselves while asleep, not all of them can be, depending on their weight and general Health. SIDS may be caused by several factors, including sleeping on one's stomach, laying on a soft surface, becoming too hot, and sharing a bed (Horne, 2019). In their study, Kim & Pearson-Shaver (2022) cite the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2017) regarding the epidemiology of SIDS. The CDC reported an incidence of 35.4 per 100,000 live births in the United States. SIDS is the leading cause of 2

death in infants of the affected age group in the United States. The incidence was reported to be higher between two (2) and four (4) months of age, and the majority of the cases (over ninety per cent) happened before the infant became six (6) months old. This syndrome has no racial preference, as it was reported to affect Native Americans, non-Hispanic whites, and Asian populations. The incidence is higher in twins than in singleton births. The major lifestyle associated with SIDS is maternal smoking during pregnancy and increased mother exposure to tobacco smoke. Studies revealed that infants put to bed in a prone position had a higher risk of dying suddenly. Other associated risk factors include soft objects in the child's sleeping space, the nature of the sleeping surface, etc. (Kim & Pearson-Shaver, 2022). Low-income groups were more affected by Sudden Infant Death Syndrome( Bartick & Tomori 2019). Low-income groups are more likely to be less educated, increasing the chances. Consequently, maternal education has been cited as a leading factor determining a child's predisposition to SIDS (Yamada et al., 2021). Health Promotion Population and Sociogram A sociogram is a structured depiction of a person's relationships with other people. According to the concept of a sociogram, genetics and social factors are some of the structural elements connected to SIDS (Spinelli et al., 2017). According to genetics, family history and the occurrence of SIDS in infants are closely related. This is because infants from families with a SIDS record are more prone than other infants to suffer from the illness. In addition, based on social factors, the infant's interaction with their carers impacts the level of care given to the kid, impacting the growth of the health issue (Spinelli et al., 2017). Considering that the people most commonly affected by SIDS fall between the ages of 1 - 12 months of age, the target population for this promotion should be the parents of children between these ages, expectant parents, and infant caregivers (Jullien, 2021). Children (especially those within the affected age bracket) largely depend on other people 3

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and their environment for support and growth. The closest source of child care and support comes from the parents, but in some cases may be extended to a caregiver. Twins are more affected than singletons. Hence parents with twin children should also be targeted (Kim & Pearson-Shaver, 2022). A reason for this statistic is that it is difficult to focus on both children simultaneously, especially at that age when they need more attention. As a result of these sub-classes, to achieve a more fruitful promotion, the target group was made broader to include fifteen participants consisting of married expectant parents and parents with children between the ages of 1 to 6 months in the United States (Kim & Pearson- Shaver, 2022). The study population comprised three low-income group couples, ten economically average persons, and two high-income earners. Out of the ten low-income groups, two families had twins who were three months and five months old, respectively. Factors affecting Health Several risk variables, including age, ethnicity, and secondhand smoke, play a role in the development of the disorder. Compared to children older than one-year-old, infants younger than one-year-old are thought to be more susceptible to SIDS. Infants under four months are thought to be more vulnerable to SIDS than other newborns (Brownstein et al., 2018). In addition, boys are more susceptible to SIDS than girls based on gender. In addition, newborns are particularly susceptible to secondhand smoke because they cannot leave the vicinity of smokers in the family, regardless of how the smoking affects them. Consequently, it is necessary to address this health concern (Brownstein et al., 2018). Infants cannot be taught how to better their health circumstances to prevent SIDS since they lack the mental capacity to understand what they are being taught. Thus, the carers must ask for assistance from medical professionals who can help them deal with the problem. By addressing this problem, newborns' health conditions can be greatly enhanced, and their risk of SIDS is decreased (Byard et al., 2018). 4

Potential Needs Some caregivers are unaware of what leads to newborn SIDS. Most parents whose children experience this disease believe that the infant has an undiagnosed underlying health problem. The caretakers must know the underlying reasons, potential danger signs, and treatment options. The risk factors contributing to the disorder's development, such as family history, age, and gender, must be discussed with the caregivers while teaching them. Based on these factors, educators must advise the parents that their children should not only briefly lay on their stomachs if they are infants prone to the condition. Learning goals The nurse or caregiver is responsible for ensuring the daily well-being of the person, group, or community, as well as in the event of an unexpected infant death (SID). Those that are prepared will experience greater results and perhaps exhibit a higher quality of life. A fantastic approach to accomplish this is through educational programs. An improvement in accurately recognizing safe sleep practices during post-program evaluations will serve as proof that the nurse was successful in increasing parents' and caregivers' knowledge and awareness of safe sleep practices by the end of the quarter. The education plan must have specific, agreed-upon goals to help educators determine if the applied intervention was successful. Consequently, reducing the rate of sudden newborn deaths and lowering children's vulnerability to SIDS are some of the aims that might be developed. These objectives must be evaluated within that time to ascertain how many infants have died suddenly during the past year. If the quantity has dropped, the effectiveness of the intervention used will be determined. Conclusion At the end of the health promotion session, participants should be well enlightened on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), its risk factors, and preventive measures that may be 5

applied to reduce the occurrence. Over time, consistent enlightenment has decreased the incidence of SIDS drastically. References Ahn, Y. M., Yang, K. M., Ha, H. I., & Cho, J. A. (2020). Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sleeping Practices in Korea. Child health nursing research , 26 (1), 82–89. https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2020.26.1.82 Bartick, M., & Tomori, C. (2019). Sudden infant death and social justice: A syndemics approach. Maternal & child nutrition , 15 (1), e12652. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12652 Brownstein, C. A., Poduri, A., Goldstein, R. D., & Holm, I. A. (2018). 31 The Genetics of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Dr Jhodie R Duncan , 711. Byard, R. W., Duncan, J. R., Haas, E. A., Sidebotham, P., David Marshall, Q. P. M., Garstang, J., ... & Hauck, F. R. (2018). SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death . University of Adelaide Press. Horne, R. S. (2019). Sudden infant death syndrome: current perspectives. Internal Medicine Journal , 49 (4), 433-438. Jullien, S. (2021). Sudden infant death syndrome prevention. BMC Pediatr 21 (Suppl 1), 320. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02536-z Kim, H., Pearson-Shaver, A. L. (2022, July 25). Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560807/ 6

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Perrone, S., Lembo, C., Moretti, S., Prezioso, G., Buonocore, G., Toscani, G., Marinelli, F., et al. (2021). Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Beyond Risk Factors. Life , 11 (3), 184. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11030184 Spinelli, J., Collins‐Praino, L., Van Den Heuvel, C., & Byard, R. W. (2017). Evolution and significance of the triple risk model in sudden infant death syndrome. Journal of paediatrics and child health , 53 (2), 112-115. Yamada, M. M., Rosamilia, M. B., Chiswell, K. E., D’Ottavio, A., Spears, T., Osgood, C., Miranda, M. L., Forestieri, N., Li, J. S., & Landstrom, A. P. (2021, December 10). Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death in North Carolina. Frontiers in Pediatrics , 9 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.770803 Young, J. (2018). Promoting evidence-based public health recommendations to support reductions in infant and child mortality: the role of national scientific advisory groups. 7

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

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