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Needs Analysis for Change A needs analysis entails multiple unique evaluation levels. It entails identifying the need which will direct the next steps. The next steps include data assembling and analysis, change implementation, and change evaluation. This paper seeks to allow us to understand the existing economic issue and its impact on society, the methodologies applied in undertaking financial and medical resolutions, and the need for recruiting healthcare professionals at the facility: Baptist Medical Center (BMC). Economic Issue Summary The shortage of supply in healthcare professionals is the pertinent economic issue that was identified at BMC. The aspect was chosen since I have experienced and seen firsthand the impact of healthcare professional shortage on patients, existing staff, and the facility in general. Despite the existing medical personnel at BMC giving their best efforts, it is still challenging to as the number of patients continues to increase. Prior analysis takes longer than required, inadequate patient monitoring, medical errors, and patient readmission rates have increased due to staff shortage. The lack of culturally competent staff has also been a contributing factor to these negative aspects as the facility serves a hugely diverse community of Jacksonville City. The lack of adequate and culturally competent staff has heavily impacted my work as for the past three years, I have been working for seven 10-hour shifts per week as a lead nurse at the theater room. This is mostly because I have to cover for the lack of personnel at the facility. This has heavily had a toll on my personal life as I experience significant burnout and fatigue, unable to meet my roles as a parent and partner at home. Gap Contributing to the Healthcare Issue: Shortage of Personnel

The inadequate healthcare staff has mainly resulted from salary ranges, workload, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the aging nursing staff population. According to the American Nurses Association (2020), recruitment is outpacing new entrants to the nursing field thus providing a shortage for nursing professionals. The COVID pandemic exacerbated the issue as many of them started resigning due to stress, burnout, pressure, low job motivation, and exposure to the virus (American Nurses Association, 2020). Issues of low salaries and benefits added to a lack of work-life balance have continued to push many professionals to quit their jobs, thereby affecting healthcare facilities’ operational efficiency, services, and quality of patient outcomes (Christianson et al., 2023). According to the American Nurses Association (2020), burnout among nurses arises from increased acuity levels, inadequate equipment and materials, extended shifts, and inefficient vacation days. Contributing Socioeconomic Disparities According to World Health Organization (2022), there is a significant shortage of healthcare professionals with 50% of that shortage being nurses and midwives. This shortage of healthcare professionals will heavily impact the health sector, thereby affecting the provision of quality services and outcomes for patients. Furthermore, the majority of healthcare professionals particularly nurses are women thereby creating gender inequality in this profession. This can significantly affect the attraction of the field by men, necessitating the need for policymakers and leaders to promote the recruitment of men to help fill the gap. Evidence-Based Need to Address the Issue Nurse shortages entail the differences seen between the number of patients served by the number of nurses availed to offer health care services. If nurse handles a huge number of patients per day, there are increased possibilities of instances of medical errors happening thereby

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significantly affecting patient outcomes. According to Schwenker (2022), the risk of death increases by 5% if admissions per nursing staff exceeds 125% of a given unit. Schwenker (2022), underpins that an additional nurse providing care to a patient for the first five days of their time at the hospital minimized the risk of death by 3%, thereby underpinning the need for adequate personnel at a healthcare facility. Increased workload among nurses is connected to instances of low patient satisfaction, poor quality and patient outcomes, and enhanced possibilities of nosocomial infections (Christianson et al., 2023). The more patients a nurse attends to the more the quality of care and services deteriorates. An increase in workload may result in nurses reducing the time they spend on individual patient thus compromise the quality of care the patients received. According to Christianson et al. (2023), close to 10% of nurses who are caught engaging in violations in routine scenarios, experience instances of work overload. A number of researches has shown that a low nursing staff number increases the risk associated with patient outcomes, particularly falls. Falls strongly correlates with the number of nursing staff at a given unit, thereby, underpinning outcomes for patients and nurses improves if the number of nursing staff per unit is increased (Schwenker, 2022). According to Schwenker (2023), a low staffing number for nurses increases the possibility of burnout and reduces the quality of care as well as increasing hospital-acquired infections and readmission rates. Schwenker (2022), underpins that an increase in nurse-to-patient ratio significantly reduced rates of mortality and re-infections, enhances quality of care, and increases patient satisfaction, as such an environment becomes a conducive working place for nurses, thereby increasing their morale and motivation which in turn reduces the possibilities of medical mistakes. Outcomes and Opportunity for Growth

According to Samuel & Oliver (2021), many people perceive male nurses as people who only choose to pursue the field because they couldn’t advance to other medical professions such as doctors or physicians. This perception should be changed, and nursing schools and the healthcare industry encouraged to increase the number of males in the field as this would help bridge the gap in the nursing profession and help solve the issue of nursing staff. It is paramount that the healthcare sector develops more incentives and inclusion programs to help encourage men to get into the nursing field, thereby, increasing the number of available nurses in the field and helping reduce instances of burnout among medical staff, particularly, nurses. Overall, the high number of aged nurses and low number of registered young nurses is hurting the healthcare system in the US. Nursing staff shortage has a significant impact on various aspects of the healthcare system, which include patient quality care and outcomes, satisfaction, readmission rates, burnout among staff, and overall productivity of a facility. It is paramount that the industry finds ways to mitigate the issue of nursing staff or else, many professionals will continue quitting the professions thereby affecting the patients the most.

References American Nurses Association. (2020). Nurses in the Workforce. ANA. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/workforce/ Christianson, J., Johnson, N., Nelson, A., & Singh, M. (2023). Work-related burnout, compassion fatigue, and nurse intention to leave the profession during COVID-19. Nurse Leader, 21(2), 244-251. Samuel, B., Oliver, N. (2021) The US nursing shortage: opportunity to close the gap. Consultant,8-11. doi:10.25270/con.2021.07.00004 Schwenker, M. (2022). Effects of Inadequate Nurse Staffing and Need for Standard Nurse-to- Patient Ratios to Increase Patient Safety in Acute Care Settings. World Health Organisation. (2022, March 18). Nursing and midwifery. Who.int; World Health Organization: WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/nursing-and- midwifery

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