Forum post for medical terminolgy

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University of Regina *

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100

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Medicine

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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5

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FORUM POST 1 do you see any parallels between the theory of humourism and medicine as it is practiced in the West today? Even while humourism and western medicine utilise different techniques and evidence, they both take a systems-based approach towards comprehending the human body, which may be one area of similarity. They also acknowledge how environmental elements, like seasons, climate, nutrition, and others, impact health. This is another area where they may be similar. So, I would agree to the fact that there I see a few similarities between the theory of humourism and medicine in the west today. NOTES FROM CHAPTER 3 Some similarities and differences between the culture of ancient Greek medicine and the culture of modern medical practice. - Perhaps the most basic difference is that in the ancient world there were no professional qualifications or standards, and as a result in order to be a doctor all you had to do was claim to be one or accept a fee or gift for treatment! - Other key differences between ancient and modern doctors revolve around identity and social position. Today we think of doctors as devoting a very significant portion of their lives to their profession, whether in training or in practice. In much of the ancient world, however, the role of doctor was not a full-time one. The livelihood of most doctors in fact would depend on other means of support such as land ownership, agriculture, or some other craft. - The advanced and rigorous training doctors undergo today is a contributing factor to the high social esteem they possess. In the ancient world, however, with few exceptions, doctors occupied a rather low social and political position. In what way does the Hippocratic oath establish the foundation for a tightly knit medical profession? - The creation and swearing of an oath, established the foundation for a tightly knit medical profession by stressing the importance of knowledge and its transmission as well as patient care, hence this becomes a means to confer a sense of professionalism and a means to distinguish those who swear it from those who do not.
In what ways does it lay the foundation for a hierarchy of medical professions? - It became a way, in other words, for Hippocratic doctors to unite themselves as a community and to distinguish themselves from other medical practitioners whose methods did not possess the scientific rigour of their own. It was thus an effective means for self-definition and self- advertisement. FORUM POST 2 Do you know of any similar types of conflict between different sectors of the medical community? Can it have a negative (or positive) effect on the delivery of health care? - Conflict is an unavoidable aspect of life, and the medical profession is no different. While we have gone a long way since ancient times, conflicts between different sections of the medical profession still exist. Physicians, for example, may have disagreements with other healthcare professionals they deal with, such as nurses, chemists, respiratory therapists, technicians, and medical students1. Shifting priorities, well-intentioned but poorly expressed expectations, or distorted views of a problem where individuals care about the result can all lead to conflict1. Competition for resources that are scarce in healthcare, as well as professional interdependence, can lead to conflict. - Conflict between various sections of the medical profession may have positive and negative impacts on healthcare delivery. Conflict, if left unresolved, can lead to increased worry and stress, a hostile work atmosphere, and even professional burnout. It has the potential to disrupt the continuity of treatment, result in delayed diagnosis, needless testing, accidental effects, and frustrated clinicians and patients. Conflict, on the other hand, may be an avenue for learning other people's points of view, maturing as a professional, and increasing communication within an organization. When properly handled and resolved, conflict may lead to more effective teamwork, better patient care, and an environment for work that values regard and collaboration. FORUM POST 5 Hi Breanne, I really enjoyed reading your post, and I must say that I totally relate to your point of view. As a nursing student, I’ve had the opportunity to be in a various clinical setting, and a reoccurring concept that is always emphasized upon by clinical instructors and the nurses I’ve worked with, is therapeutic communication. Specifically, clear, and concise nurse -patient communication, which is an important
aspect of nursing that promote health and wellbeing of the patient. with all that said, some tools I have found very helpful, include the teach-back-method, this where you have your patient repeat what they understand in their own words, that way you can help clarify concepts in simpler terms to help them understand better. Often, even with verbal explanation of concepts, there is almost always a printed material available, which can be given to patients, so they can refer to if they need clarity on any questions they might have. Lastly, interpreters are also very helpful, being in a diverse like Canada, we often see a lot of patients that do speak English as a first language, so having a fellow health care provider who speaks the language of certain non-English speaking patients, can help certainly foster therapeutic communication and improve patients’ health and well-being. FORUM POST 6 Certainly! There have been various medical difficulties in the past with severe moral implications. Treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) is one such example. STIs were once regarded a moral failing and were frequently connected with prostitution and promiscuity. This resulted in a great deal of stigma and shame around these infections, making it difficult for patients to seek treatment. Another case in point is the treatment of mental disease in the twentieth century. Mental illness was frequently stigmatised and misunderstood, leading to institutionalisation and harsh treatments such as lobotomies and electroconvulsive therapy. These moral overtones have a substantial impact on medical treatment effectiveness. In the case of STIs, the stigma attached to these illnesses made it difficult for patients to seek treatment, resulting in disease transmission. Similarly, the stigma associated with mental illness resulted in individuals being mistreated and exposed to poor therapies. Effective therapies could not be developed until STIs, and mental illness were de- stigmatized and addressed as public health issues. FORUM POST 7 HIV/AIDS and Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) are some of the important public health initiatives that have occurred over the last 100 years. According to WHO “The global response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic has resulted in tremendous advances in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care. With the introduction of antiretroviral medication, HIV/AIDS has been converted from a death sentence to a chronically treatable illness. Likewise, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), in 1988 by the World Health Assembly, with the goal of eradicating polio worldwide. Since then, the number of polio
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cases has decreased. “Wild poliovirus cases have decreased by over 99% since 1988, from an estimated 350 000 cases in more than 125 endemic countries to 6 reported cases in 2021. Of the 3 strains of wild poliovirus (type 1, type 2 and type 3), wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated in 1999 and wild poliovirus type 3 was eradicated in 2020. As at 2022, endemic wild poliovirus type 1 remains in two countries: Pakistan and Afghanistan” (WHO, 2023) These initiatives have demonstrated that it is possible to improve public health through global cooperation and sustained effort. World Health Organization. (n.d.). Poliomyelitis (polio) . World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/poliomyelitis FORUM POST 9 briefly discuss misconceptions about how female or male body’s function, and how these have proven to be detrimental for the delivery of health care. How have some of our prejudices and ideas about classifying a body as female or male, for example, prevented us from providing the best health care possible? Misconceptions about the functioning of male and female bodies have been prevalent for centuries, and they have had a significant impact on the delivery of healthcare. These misconceptions have led to the development of gender biases in healthcare, which have resulted in inadequate treatment and care for women and men. Gender bias is a major misconception seen in healthcare, Gender bias in healthcare is widespread. Patients, doctors, researchers, and administrators can all hold biased views about gender. These views affect how the healthcare system works and have a serious impact on health outcomes. Gender bias is present throughout the healthcare system, from the interactions between patients and doctors to the medical research and policies that govern it. Some examples include. 1) Disbelief in symptoms, “Stereotypes about gender affect how doctors treat illnesses and approach their patients. For example, a 2018 study found that doctors often view men with chronic pain as “brave” or “stoic,” but view women with chronic pain as “emotional” or “hysterical.” 2) Gaps in medical research, “Inequity in medical research reinforces gender bias. In the past, many scientists believed that males made the best test subjects because they do not have menstrual cycles and cannot become pregnant. This meant that a vast amount of research only involved male participants. However, the important biological differences between the sexes can influence how diseases, drugs, and other therapies affect people. Hence, the lack of inclusivity in studies has left doctors with a more limited understanding of the health of female and intersex people.
These prejudice, like gender bias in healthcare for example, has resulted in people receiving worse care than they should, which increases health inequity.