How to Build a PC
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Jan 9, 2024
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How to Build a PC
Building a computer can be a difficult task, but a necessary skill in order to be the best possible
computer technician. Often building a computer on your own can save you and your client
money and give them the best possible solution to their unique goals. Depending on who your
client is will dictate what goes into a computer and for this work guide we will be building a
computer that is well rounded for a scope of tasks from data entry to an average level of
computer gaming.
Part 1 of 12: Workspace Preparation
With a computer build, your workspace is vital to the overall completion and how effective you
are at building it. Things to consider: personal safety of the technician, environmental concerns,
protection for computer component’s, and proper power concerns. First thing you will need to
do is clean your workspace (See 1.1) and make sure it is within proper Electric Static Discharge
(ESD) protective measures. ESD protection is vital to the protection of your computer especially
is the internal components and using a tool like an ESD wrist strap (see 1.2) will better prepare
you for the install of some of those internal components like your motherboard. A computer in
the early stages of its construction must be treated like a sterile environment to protect the
longevity of its parts. The room you work in is important if you are in a room with carpet
remember that walking the room can cause you to generate electricity so make sure to test your
grounding prior to any installs in the computer.
1.1 Example of a clean workspace
1.2 ESD Wrist Strap
PART 2 of 12: Installing a Motherboard
Your motherboard is the nervous system of a computer it houses connections to various different
system components. First you will take your motherboard from its packaging and inspect it for
and defects such as bents pins or swollen or blown capacitors. If all is in order, we will be
building an ATX form factor system. See 2.1.1 (before) and 2.1.2 (after) for an example of how
to place the motherboard in your computer case. You need to make sure you properly screw the
motherboard in and use the standoffs that are located on the computer case, there will be 9
standoffs. IMPORTANT! Make sure you the line up the I/O faceplate on the back of the
computer prior to screwing in the motherboard (see 2.1.3). Use example 2.1.4 to verify that you
have the correct position for the motherboard and that all 9 screws are placed correctly and do
not over tighten them. Finally, you will need to hook up the case specific cables like and proper
placement of case to motherboard cables for items like the power switch, HDD status light, and
reset switch you can find this information in the motherboard manual there is also a reference of
proper cable placement on example 2.1.5. Congratulations you have installed the motherboard.
2.1.1 Example of an empty computer case
2.1.2 Example of where the motherboard goes in an ATX configuration.
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2.1.3 I/O backplate proper alignment
2.1.4 Screw positions for ATX motherboard configuration
2.1.5 System panel connectors for the motherboard
Part 3 of 12: Installing a Power Supply
A power supply is probably the most important part of a computer as without it your computer
would not function. After maintaining proper ESD protection with your wrist strap take the
power supply out of the box and it helps to place the computer on its side so that you can
maintain control of the power supply and avoid damaging the motherboard see 3.1 for proper
placement of the power supply. Your power supply will have the option for either 115V or 230V
so make sure you check your local power standards in order to make sure you protect the
operation of the computer. Reference the motherboards manual for proper location of power
cables. Use reference 3.2 for the final image of all the cables from the power supply to the
motherboard, you will need to reference this later on during the build for the use of power cables
for things like the hard drives and graphics card.
3.1 Example of proper location of the Power Supply
3.2 Example of proper placement of the motherboard power and CPU power connectors
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Part 4 of 12: Installing a CPU
The central processing unit or CPU is the brain of a computer it controls all the operations for the
computer. The CPU install can be tricky so take your time with the following directions. Use
the motherboard manual for proper placement and installing of the heatsink so be sure to read it
entirely prior to starting any portion of the install. Use reference 4.1 for the location of the CPU
in our current build and remember to wear that ESD wrist strap. The overall install should be
rather quick and there should not be any forced actions when installing a CPU to protect its
fragile components. The heatsink can be unique depending on whether you use the one included
or if you use a more complex cooler like a liquid cooler for this build, we will use the heat sink
included see 4.2 for proper placement of the device and the hook up of the 4-pin power
connector.
4.1 Proper placement of a CPU
4.2 Placement of the heatsink
Part 5 of 12: Installing the RAM
Random Access Modules or RAM are computer components that upgrade the computers overall
memory to speed up many different processes on the computer. Installing RAM is rather easy
and very difficult to mess up, the motherboard manual will include supported speeds so make
sure to reference that prior to install and wear your ESD wrist strap. RAM is best installed in
pairs of at least two sticks but can support more depending on your motherboard RAM tends to
operate in the means of balancing data between two sticks and with one it will work however
you run the higher chance of overloading and creating a bottleneck in your system. For this
install we are going to use DDR3 as it gives the best performance to the CPU. We will be
running three RAM sticks in a triple channel configuration in the A1, B1, C1 positions as line out
in the motherboard’s manual and please use 5.1 as a reference. Begin by flipping the clips
outward and taking each RAM stick and place them straight down aligning them with the proper
middle gap that is roughly in the middle of the stick. Once the RAM is completely seated
properly the clips should automatically flip into the closed position locking the RAM into the
RAM slots on the motherboard.
5.1 RAM in the A1, B1, C1 position
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