lab-manual-lower-limb-pelvis-ap

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Antelope Valley College *

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Jan 9, 2024

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1 Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
2 PRE LAB EXERCISES A. Watch the video for 13.1 Muscular System Overview and observe the following: 1. What is the function of the muscular system? 2. How does a muscle change in order to accomplish its function? 3. What stimulates a muscle to contract? Skeletal muscles move the body; smooth muscles contract and relax to contain substances and move substances though the body; cardiac muscle contracts to pump blood throughout the body and keep the heart beating. They change shape and length in order to facilitate body function. Skeletal muscles respond to signals from the nervous system; smooth muscles respond to hormones and involuntary signals from the nervous system; cardiac muscle responds to involuntary signals from its own conduction system. Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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3 B. Watch the videos for 14.2 Skeletal Muscle Function Overview and 14.3 Muscle Contraction: Action Potential and observe the following: 1. What is the initial stimulus for muscle contraction? 2. Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential arrives? 3. When receptors open at the neuromuscular junction, does sodium travel in or out of the muscle fiber? Impulses from the nervous system reach the neuromuscular junction Acetocholine into the muscle fiber Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
4 1. What is the basic functional unit of a muscle fiber? 2. Thick filaments are composed of ________________________________ and thin filaments are composed of ________________________________. 4. The action potential continues to travel down the muscle fiber on which structures? Which ion is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum as this happens? 5. Draw and label a sketch of the neuromuscular junction in the space below. C. Watch the video for 14.4 Muscle Contraction: Cross Bridge Formation and answer the following: myosin actin The action potential travels through transverse tubules and reached the myofibrils within the muscle fiber; calcium ions are release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to contract the muscles Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
5 3. When calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, where does it bind? 4. When a myosin head binds to actin, it forms a _________________________________. 5. When a myosin head moves the actin toward the center of the sarcomere, this is called the _________________________________. 6. What is the energy source that powers muscle contraction? 7. As myosin filaments pull the actin filaments toward the center of the sarcomere, will the muscle lengthen or shorten? cross bridge power stroke troponin ATP shorten Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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6 IN LAB EXERCISES Use the following modules to guide your exploration of the pelvis and lower limb regions of the muscular system. As you explore the modules, locate the muscles on any available charts, models, or specimens. The muscles of the pelvis and lower limb are generally larger than other muscles, because they serve to support the weight of the body as well as to provide movement. These muscles have different jobs, depending on where they are located, but they are all involved in moving the lower limb. A few are also able to move the trunk if the leg is fixed. You will be able to make a good guess about what action the muscle performs if you know which side of the joint the muscle crosses. The long names of some of these muscles can be daunting, but they are often very descriptive. You can find origins, insertions, actions, and/or locations of these muscles, simply in the names. When reviewing the action of a muscle, it will be helpful to think about where the muscle is located and where the insertion is. Muscle physiology requires that a muscle will “pull,” instead of “push,” during contraction, and the insertion is the part that will move. Imagine that the muscle is “pulling” on the bone or tissue it is attached to at the insertion. You may access 3D views in Visible Body’s Anatomy & Physiology app and manipulate the images to see different views and isolate each muscle. Be sure to use the book icon to read information specific to that muscle. In the modules below, identify the following: • Muscle location • Origin(s) and insertion(s) • Muscle action • Nerve supply You are responsible for the identification of   all bold terms . Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
7 A. Hip and Gluteal Muscles View Module 16.46 Thigh: Iliopsoas, Module 16.47 Thigh: Gluteal, and Module 16.48 Thigh: Lateral Rotators. These muscles cross the hip joint, and therefore, they affect movement at that joint. Most of these muscles attach to the femur and cause the thigh to move, depending on exactly where the attachment is located. You will find the lateral rotators deep to the gluteus maximus and inferior to the gluteus minimus . As their group name implies, these muscles laterally rotate, as well as abduct or adduct, the thigh. Module 16.46 Thigh: Iliopsoas Psoas minor muscle Psoas major muscle Iliacus muscle Module 16.47 Thigh: Gluteal Gluteus maximus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Tensor fascia lata (fasciae latae) Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
8 Module 16.48 Thigh: Lateral Rotators (Part 1) Iliacus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteus minimus muscle Obturator externus muscle Module 16.48 Thigh: Lateral Rotators (Part 2) Superior gemellus muscle Inferior gemellus muscle Piriformis muscle Obturator internus muscle Quadratus femoris muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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9 Insertion Hip and Gluteal Muscles Origin Muscle Psoas major Psoas minor Iliacus Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae Obturator externus Obturator internus Action Innervation Vertebrae T12-L5 Lesser Trochanter of Femur Flex Hip Joint; Flex Trunk Not required Vertebrae T12-L1 Iliopubic Eminence Minor Flexion of Trunk Not required Iliac Fossa Lesser Trochanter of Femur Flex Hip Joint Femoral Nerve Ilium, Posterior sacrum and coccyx Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract of fascia latae Extend and laterally rotate hip joint Inferior gluteal nerve Gluteal lines of ilium, iliac crest Greater trochanter of femur Abduct hip joint Superior gluteal nerve Gluteal lines of ilium Greater trochanter of femur Abduct hip joint Superior gluteal nerve Anterior superior iliac spine iliotibial tract of fascia lata Flex, abduct, medially rotate hip joint Superior gluteal nerve external surface of body and ramus of ischium trochanteric fossa of femur lateral rotation of hip joint Obturator Nerve (L3-L4) Medial Margin of Obturator Foramen Greater Trochanter of Femur Laterally Rotate Hip Joint L5s12 Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
10 Insertion Hip and Gluteal Muscles (cont.) Origin Muscle Superior gemellus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris Piriformis Action Innervation ischial tuberosity greater trochanter hip external rotation nerve to obturator internus ischial tuberosity greater trochanter hip external rotation nerve to obturator internus ischial tuberosity greater trochanter hip external rotation nerve to quadrus femoris anterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament greater trochanter hip external rotation nerve of piriformis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
11 B. Thigh: Anterior Compartment View Module 16.49 Thigh: Anterior Compartment (formerly 16.29) and Module 16.50 Thigh: Anterior Compartment: Quadriceps (formerly 16.30). The quadriceps group is composed of four muscles: the rectus femoris , vastus medialis , vastus lateralis , and vastus intermedius . They share a common tendon as they cross the knee joint and insert on the tibia. Since these muscles cross the knee on the anterior side, their contraction pulls the tibia upward and extends the knee. The long sartorius is also found in the anterior compartment, but due to its attachment on the inside of the knee, it causes lateral rotation at the hip. Module 16.49 Thigh: Anterior Compartment (formerly 16.29) Vastus lateralis muscle Vastus medialis muscle Sartorius muscle Vastus intermedius muscle Rectus femoris muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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12 Insertion Thigh: Anterior Compartment Origin Muscle Sartorius Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Action Innervation ASIS medial tibia hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation; knee flexion femoral nerve Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine Tibial Tuberosity Extend Knee Joint, Flex Hip Joint Femoral Nerve Lineas Aspera, Medial Tip Tibial Tuberosity Extend Knee Joint Femoral Nerve Linea Aspera, Lateral tip Tibial Tuberosity Extend Knee Joint Femoral Nerve Anterior Proximal Femur Tibial Tuberosity Extend Knee Joint Femoral Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
13 C. Thigh: Medial Compartment View Module 16.51 Thigh: Medial Compartment and Module 16.52 Medial Compartment: Adductors. These muscles are located deep to the muscles of the anterior compartment and primarily act to adduct the thigh. Module 16.51 Thigh: Medial Compartment Adductor longus muscle Pectineus muscle Adductor magnus muscle Adductor brevis muscle Gracilis muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
14 Insertion Thigh: Medial Compartment Origin Muscle Pectineus Gracilis Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Action Innervation Pectineal Line of Pubis Pectineal Line of Femur Adduct and Flex Hip Joint Femoral Nerve Inferior Ramus of Pubis Proximal Medial Tibia Adduct a Hip Joint; Flex Knee Joint Obturator Nerve Inferior Ramus of Pubis Linea Aspera of Femur Adduct and Flex Hip Joint Obturator Nerve Pubis Linea Aspera of Femur Adduct and Flex Hip Joint Obturator Nerve Inferior Ramus of Pubis and Ischial Tuberosity Linea Aspera and Adductor Tubercle of Femur Adduct and Extend Hip Joint Obturator Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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15 D. Thigh: Posterior Compartment View Module 16.53 Thigh: Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings). These muscles, commonly known as the hamstrings, are located on the posterior side of the femur. They cross the knee on the posterior side and cause leg flexion at the knee joint. Biceps femoris muscle, long head Semitendinosus muscle Semimembranosus muscle Biceps femoris muscle, short head Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
16 Insertion Thigh: Posterior Compartment Origin Muscle Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Action Innervation Ischial Tuberosity Head of Fibula Flex Knee Joint, Extend Hip Joint Tibial Nerve Ischial Tuberosity Proximal Medial Tibia Flex Knee Joint, Extend Hip Joint Tibial Nerve Ischial Tuberosity Proximal Posterior Tibia Flex Knee Joint, Extend Hip Joint Tibial Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
17 E. Lower Leg: Anterior Compartment View Module 16.54 Lower Leg: Anterior Compartment. The muscles of the lower leg are also separated into compartments, each of which serves a similar function. The anterior compartment muscles all cross the ankle joint on the anterior side, and therefore, each causes dorsiflexion of the foot as one of its actions. To view the extensor hallucis longus more clearly, be sure to hide the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus . Tibialis anterior muscle Extensor digitorum longus muscle Extensor hallucis longus muscle Fibularis (peroneus) tertius muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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18 Insertion Lower Leg: Anterior Compartment Origin Muscle Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis (peroneus) tertius Action Innervation Lateral Condyle Tibia and Proximal Tibia, Interosseous Membrane 1st (medial) cuneiform, metatarsal I Dorsiflex and Invert Foot Deep Fibular Nerve Lateral Condyle Tibia, Anterior Fibula, Interosseous Membrane Distal Phalanges digits 2-5, Dorsal Surface Extend Digits 2-5, Dorsiflex Foot Deep Fibular Nerve Anterior Fibula, Interosseous Membrane Distal Phalanx of Hallux, Dorsal Surface Extend Hallux, Dorsiflex Foot Deep Fibular Nerve Distal Fibula, Interosseous Membrane Base of Metatarsal V Dorsiflex and Evert Foot Deep Fibular Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
19 F. Lower Leg: Lateral Compartment View Module 16.55 Lower Leg: Lateral Compartment. These muscles, located on the lateral side of the leg, cause plantarflexion and eversion of the foot. Insertion Lower Leg: Lateral Compartment Origin Muscle Fibularis (peroneus) longus Fibularis (peroneus) brevis Action Innervation Fibularis (peroneus) longus muscle Fibularis (peroneus) brevis muscle Head and Proximal Lateral Fibula; Lateral Condyle Tibia Base of Metatarsal I, 1st (Medial) Cuneiform Evert and Plantar Flex Foot Superficial Fibular Nerve Lateral Fibula Base of Metatarsal V Evert and Plantar Flex Foot Superficial Fibular Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
20 G. Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment View Module 16.56 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Superficial) and Module 16.57 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Deep). Except for the popliteus , all the posterior compartment muscles of the lower leg cross the ankle joint on the posterior side and are involved in plantarflexion of the foot. Module 16.56 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Superficial) Gastrocnemius muscle Plantaris muscle Popliteus muscle Soleus muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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21 Module 16.57 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Deep) Popliteus muscle Flexor digitorum longus muscle Tibialis posterior muscle Flexor hallucis longus muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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22 Insertion Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment Origin Muscle Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Flexor digitorum longus Popliteus Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus Action Innervation Medial and Lateral Condyles of Femur Calcaneus Plantar Flex Foot, Flex Knee Joint Tibial Nerve Proximal Fibula, Soleal Line of Tibia Calcaneus Plantar Flex Foot Tibial Nerve Distal Lateral Femur Calcaneus Plantar Flex Foot, Flex Knee Joint Tibial Nerve Lateral Condyle of Femur Posterior Proximal Tibia Flex Knee Joint, Medially Rotate Tibia Tibial Nerve Posterior Tibia Distal Phalanx of Digits 2-5 Flex Digits 2-5, Plantar Flex Foot Tibial Nerve Posterior Tibia, Fibula, and Interosseous Membrane Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid, Metatarsals II-IV Plantar Flex and Invert Foot Tibial Nerve Posterior Distal Fibula Distal Phalanx of Hallux Flex Hallux, Plantar Flex Foot Tibial Nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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23 H. Foot View Module 16.58 Foot: Dorsum, Module 16.59 Foot: Plantar Layer 1, Module 16.60 Foot: Plantar Layer 2, Module 16.61 Foot: Plantar Layer 3, and Module 16.62 Foot: Plantar Layer 4. These muscles are all located within the foot and act to move the toes. Keep your anatomical terminology in mind as you learn these muscles: hallucis refers to the big toe (digit 1), digitorum refers to toes 2-5, and digiti minimi refers specifically to the little toe (digit 5). Module 16.58 Foot: Dorsum Extensor hallucis brevis muscle Extensor digitorum brevis muscle Dorsal interossei muscles Quadratus plantae muscle Abductor digiti minimi muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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24 Module 16.60 Foot: Plantar Layer 2 Quadratus plantae muscle Flexor hallucis brevis muscle Lumbricals Module 16.61 Foot: Plantar Layer 3 Flexor hallucis brevis muscle Opponens digiti minimi muscle Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle Adductor hallucis muscle Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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25 Module 16.62 Foot: Plantar Layer 4 Plantar interossei muscles Module 16.62 Foot: Plantar Layer 4 Dorsal interossei muscles Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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26 Insertion Foot Origin Muscle Extensor digitorum brevis Extensor hallucis brevis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi Abductor hallucis Quadratus plantae Lumbricals Flexor hallucis brevis Adductor hallucis Action Innervation anterior dorsal calcaneous 3 tendons lateral side of extensor digitorum longus tendon extension hyperextension of IP and MP joints of digits 2-4 deep fibular nerve (L4-S1) arises with extensor digitorum brevis dorsal base of 1st proximal phalanx extension hyperextension of MP joint of 1st digit deep fibular nerve (L5-S1) calcaneal tuberosity middle phalange of the four lateral toes flexes the four lateral toes medial plantar nerve medial side of tuberosity of calcaneous medial side of the proximal phalanx of the great toe AB great toe; flexes MP joint medial plantar nerve medial and lateral sides of the tuberosity of the calcaneus lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit AB 5th toe; flexes MP joint lateral plantar nerve plantar calcaneous lateral tendon flexor digitorum longus flexion of DIP joints of digits 2-5 lateral plantar n (S1-S2) FDL tendons extensor expansion of toes 2-5 Flex MTP and extend IP joints Lumbrical 1: Medial plantar nerve Lumbricals 2-4: Lateral plantar nerve Tibialis Poeterior tendon (medial head) and lateral Cuniform and cuboid (lateral head) base of proximal phalanx of great toe flexion of great toe at MTP joint medial plantar nerve oblique head: bases of MT 2-4 transverse head: transverse MT ligaments 3-5 Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe adducts great toe lateral plantar nerve Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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27 Insertion Foot (cont.) Origin Muscle Action Innervation Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi Dorsal interossei Plantar interossei base of 5th metatarsal and peroneus longus tendon lateral base of 5th proximal phalanx flexes 5th digit lateral plantar nerve ulnar side of hamulus of hamate bone, adjacent part of flexor retinaculum ulnar surface of body of 5th metacarpal anterior glide and lateral rotation of 5th CM joint, brings 5th digit into opposition with thumb, deepens hollow of palm deep ulnar nerve (C8-T1) Dorsal surface of metacarpals Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of digits 2-4 Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line Deep ulnar nerve Plantar surface of metatarsals of digits 3-5 Base of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5, Middle and distal phalanges via dorsal extensor expansions of digits 3-5 Adduction (digits 3-5), Flexion (proximal phalanx digits 3-5), Extension (middle and distal phalanges digits 3-5) Lateral Plantar N. (S2, 3) Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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28 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER 1. Based on what you’ve learned about the muscles in this exercise, what do you think the following terms mean? a. Brevis – b. Longus – c. Lateralis – d. Medialis – e. Digitorum – f. Hallucis – g. Digiti minimi – 2. Which muscles are used when performing the following actions? a. Extending the leg to kick a ball i. ii. iii. iv. b. Sitting cross-legged i. ii. iii. iv. v. short long farther from midline toward the midline fingers, toes big toe little finger Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis iii Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Sartorius Obturator externus Obturator internus iv Superior gemellus Inferior gemellus Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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29 vi. vii. c. Pulling the knees up to the chest, as when jumping into a pool “cannonball” style i. ii. iii. iv. v. d. Standing on tiptoes i. ii. iii. e. Climbing stairs i. Raising the body up and lifting a leg: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Quadratus femoris Piriformis Iliacus Psoas major Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior Iliopsoas Psoas major Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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30 i. Stepping up to the next step: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 3. Foot drop involves difficulty or inability to lift the front of the foot. It may be due to a variety of factors, including nerve injury. Which nerve would be affected? 4. If someone were to tear his/her Achilles (calcaneal) tendon, what muscle action(s) would be affected? Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Deep fibular nerve This person would be unable to bend his/her foot downward (plantar flexion), stand on his/her toes, or walk. Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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31 Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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32 Module 16.46 Thigh: Iliopsoas psoas minor psoas major lliacus Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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33 Module 16.47 Thigh: Gluteal gluteus maximus gluteus medius gluteus minimus tensor fascia lata Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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34 Module 16.48 Thigh: Lateral Rotators (Part 1) lliacus gluteus medius gluteus minimus obturator Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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35 Module 16.48 Thigh: Lateral Rotators (Part 2) piriformis superior gemellus obturator inferior gemellus quadratus Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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36 Module 16.49 Thigh: Anterior Compartment (formerly 16.29) vastus lateralis rectus femoris sartorius vastus intermedius vastus medialis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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37 Module 16.51 Thigh: Medial Compartment pectineus adductor brevis adductor longus adductor magnus gracilis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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38 Module 16.53 Thigh: Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings) semitendinosus biceps femoris long head semimembranosus biceps femoris short head Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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39 Module 16.54 Lower Leg: Anterior Compartment tibilais anterior extensor digitorum longus extensor nhallucis fibularis (peroneus) tertius Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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40 Module 16.55 Lower Leg: Lateral Compartment fibularis (peroneus) longus fubularis (peroneus) brevis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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41 Module 16.56 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Superficial) gastrocnemius plantaris popliteus soleus Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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42 Module 16.57 Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Deep) popliteus tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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43 Module 16.58 Foot: Dorsum quadratus plantae abductor digiti minimi dorsal interossei extensor hallucic brevis extensor digitorum brevis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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44 Module 16.59 Foot: Plantar Layer 1 Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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45 Module 16.60 Foot: Plantar Layer 2 lumbricals flexor hallucis brevis quadratus plantae Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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46 Module 16.61 Foot: Plantar Layer 3 adductor hallucis flexor digiti minimi brevis opponens digiti minimi flexor hallucis brevis Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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47 Module 16.62 Foot: Plantar Layer 4 plantar interossei Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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48 Module 16.62 Foot: Plantar Layer 4 dorsal interossei Downloaded by Larry Parmelo (gb4jrjr5wt@privaterelay.appleid.com) lOMoARcPSD|11715870
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Analysis and Interpretation of vertical Ground Reaction Forces. In this study, a volunteer was asked to walk on two force platforms under two different conditions. Condition 1- Normal Walk (NW), condition 2 - walking over an obstacle (ObsW). The right limb was the one to step on platform 1 in both conditions. The force platforms were used to measure the vertical ground reaction forces on the right limb. Data was collected on Vicon (Nexus) software and the attached graphs ( mean NW/ObsW, Mean (+-)1SD NW/ObsW) were created. Analyse ,Interpret the graphs and make a conclusion of the result attached.
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Vindow Help + 98% 4 Mon 9:56 A A docs.google.com F Sixth Amendment Video - Bill of Rights Lesso. G Earth and Space STAAR Review - Google S. G Nguyen - Physics STAAR Review - sics STAAR Review D @ Format Slide Arrange Tools Add-ons Help Last edit was 13 days ago O Present * Share IT 田 Background Layout- Theme Transition 1 2 TEL L 3 14 7 A diagram of the forces being applied to a box is provided (below). If the net force acting on the box is 10 N to the right, what is the magnitude of the force applied by the boy pulling to the left? Record your answer in the grid below. Show all work! Left Right 11 Newtons 8 Newtons 2. ? Newtons 21 Newtons Work/Math (2) (2 (2) (2) 40 40 40 Answer with units Click to add speaker notes )山TO@ MacBook Air 4) II F8 FIV F12 F10 000 F4 F9 F5 F6 F7
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University Of Babylon College of Mussayb Automobile Production Quiz(2) 2024-205 7. Which classification method considers the number of independent movements a robot can make? 0 0 о a) Classification by Degrees of Freedom b) Classification by Kinematic Structure c) Classification by Drive Technology d) Classification by Workspace Geometry 8. Which classification method focuses on the arrangement of the robot's joints? 。 a) Classification by Degrees of Freedom 。 b) Classification by Kinematic Structure ° c) Classification by Drive Technology od) Classification by Motion Characteristics 9. What is the difference between a robot with 2 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) and one with 6 DOF? о a) The 6 DOF robot can move faster. o b) The 6 DOF robot can move more precisely. o c) The 6 DOF robot can perform more complex tasks. o d) All of the above 10. What are some examples of drive technologies used in robots? 。 a) Hydraulic, pneumatic, and electric о b) Gear, belt, and chain drives o c) Ball screws,…
Please do not copy other's work and do not use ChatGPT or Gpt4,i will be very very very appreciate!!! Thanks a lot!!!!!
Τρ סוי D2L Notes de cours 2 - MA... D2L Solutions d'examen -... B https://uottawa.brights... ChatGPT ← Homework 4 - Fall 2024 Question 5 of 6 < View Policies education.wiley.com ELG 3736 - Google Docs On mesure la traînée s... WP Homework 4 - Fall 2024 X W Question 5 of 6 - Hom... - / 20 0 Current Attempt in Progress If the center of the ping-pong ball is to clear the net as shown, at what height h should the ball be horizontally served? Also determine h2. The coefficient of restitution for the impacts between ball and table is e = 0.71, and the radius of the ball is r = 0.75 in. T ✓ Answers: h = in. h2= eTextbook and Media Save for Later in. Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer
Τρ סוי D2L Notes de cours 2 - MA... D2L Solutions d'examen -... B https://uottawa.brights... ChatGPT ← Homework 4 - Fall 2024 Question 2 of 6 < View Policies education.wiley.com ELG 3736 - Google Docs On mesure la traînée s... WP Homework 4 - Fall 2024 X W Question 2 of 6 - Hom... - / 20 0 Current Attempt in Progress The force P, which is applied to the 15.6-kg block initially at rest, varies linearly with the time as indicated. If the coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the block and the horizontal surface are 0.38 and 0.30, respectively, determine the velocity of the block when t = 3.7 s. 15.6 kg 93 P P. N Hg= = 0.38 =0.30 0 S 3.7 Answer: v= i eTextbook and Media Save for Later m/s Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer Π -120
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Τρ סוי D2L Notes de cours 2 - MA... D2L Solutions d'examen -... B https://uottawa.brights... ChatGPT ← Homework 4 - Fall 2024 Question 1 of 6 View Policies > education.wiley.com ELG 3736 - Google Docs On mesure la traînée s... WP Homework 4 - Fall 2024 X W Question 1 of 6 - Hom... - / 20 0 Current Attempt in Progress The spring of modulus k = 203 N/m is compressed a distance of 300 mm and suddenly released with the system at rest. Determine the absolute velocities of both masses (positive if to the right, negative if to the left) when the spring is unstretched. Neglect friction. k 2 kg = 203 N/m wwwwww 5.6 kg Answers: 2kg mass, v= 5.6kg mass, v = Hi eTextbook and Media Save for Later m/s m/s Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer
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