BIOS255 Lab Week_4_Lymphatic_system

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Rasmussen College *

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255

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Mechanical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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BIOS255 Week 4 Lymphatic System Learning Objectives: State the components and functions of the lymphatic system Trace lymphatic drainage through the major vessels of the lymphatic system. Identify the mechanisms that cause movement of lymph through the lymph vessels. Introduction: The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissue, and lymphatic organs located throughout the tissues of the body. It functions to drain excess interstitial fluid from the tissues, to initiate an immune response against disease by producing and transporting lymphocytes, and to transport dietary lipids absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract into the blood. Lymphatic capillaries extend throughout the tissues of the body among blood capillary beds. Interstitial fluid, similar in composition to blood plasma, leaches from the blood capillaries into the surrounding tissue, bathing the cells and supplying each one with nutrients, oxygen, and water while also removing waste, carbon dioxide, and water. Around 30 liters of fluid enter the arteriolar end of capillaries every day, but only 27 liters return to the venous capillaries. The lymphatic system collects the missing 3 liters from the interstitial space and returns it to the venous system. Let’s explore this system that can be found in so many different places and perform multiple roles! Assignment Part 1: Complete the activities on Anatomy.TV for the Lymphatic System and Immunity: Introduction, Vessels and Circulation, Organs and Tissues. To access Anatomy.TV: Resources tab>Library>Library Resources-Database A- Z>Anatomy.TV>Titles(default tab): Choose Lymphatic system and Immunity>choose assigned sections You will then work through the material and activities by scrolling down on the right. This will allow you to see and work through all activities for that section. As you complete the lab activities, have the lab report ready to record data. Part 2: Complete the lab report. Lymphatic System Lab Report 1. List the 4 components of the lymphatic system described in the introduction. (1 point; 1/4 point each) The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic tissue, and lymphatic organs located throughout the tissues of the body.
2. List 3 functions of the lymphatic system. (1.5 points total; 1/2 point each) It functions to drain excess interstitial fluid from the tissues, to initiate an immune response against disease by producing and transporting lymphocytes, and to transport dietary lipids absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract into the blood. 3. List 3 secondary organs of the lymphatic system. (1.5 points; ½ point each) Spleen, lymph nodes, and diffuse lymphatic tissue 4. List the 3 tonsils and indicate their locations. (3 points) 1. Palatine tonsil- the posterior region of the oral cavity between the glossopalatine and haryngopalatine. 2. Pharyngeal Tonsil- posterior wall of the nasopharynx. 3. Lingual Tonsil- posterior surface tongue 5. Identify structures in the following image from the Vessels and Circulation tab: you will need to click on “Lymphatic Capillaries” (1/2 point each; 2.5 points total) A. Arteriole B E D C A
B. Lymphatic capillary C. Anchor filaments D. Lymphatic capillary pore E. Lymphatic vessel cell 6. Describe 2 ways in which the intestines play a role in the lymphatic system. (1 point) Intestinal trunks follow intestinal arteries and veins and drain into the thoracic duct or lumbar trunks. Thoracic duct or lumbar trunks receive lymph from intestinal lymph nodes and carry lymph-rich chyle from the lymphatic tissue to the small intestine. 7. Describe the structure and function of the thoracic duct. (1 point) The thoracic duct is about 38-45 cm long and forms the largest confluence of lymphatic vessels in the body. It receives lymph from the left side of the body as well as the lower right side. It originates at the cisterna chyli, a small pouch on the surface of L2. From here, the thoracic duct ascends the thorax to the left of the vertebral column. It then joins with vessels from the neck and empties into the left subclavian vein at its junction with the left internal jugular vein. 8. What are the 2 mechanisms that allow movement of lymph through the lymph vessels? (1 point; ½ point each) Skeletal muscle pump respiratory pump 9. If someone has their spleen removed surgically what could be the clinical consequence? (1 point) Infections 10. Describe how the skeletal system plays an important role in the lymphatic system. (1.5) point) The bone marrow and the bones are responsible for the production of WBC
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Grading Rubric for Lab Report Activity Deliverable Points Part 1 Complete lab activities 15 Part 2 Complete lab report 15 Total Complete all lab activities 30